Eli nani liphezulu iintsholongwane equlathwe ntoni?

Akunakwenzeka ukuba umhlaba uya kuba yindawo apho kungekho ntsholongwane. Bona niphuphuma amachibi, permafrost Arctic, imigqomo yamanzi jet kunye lobushushu eliphezulu, ezi zoleko enzulu yolwandle, umhlaba ongaphantsi uqweqwe. Enyanisweni, leyo iqulathe nani liphezulu iintsholongwane, umfundi ufunda ukusuka nqaku.

Yintoni ntsholongwane?

Le micro-eziphilayo ezinama iseli enye kuphela. Ukwahlula ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• Iintsholongwane ngeenxa zonke, imilo ungqukuva - cocci.
• Intonga ezimilise iintsholongwane - bacilli.
• Ukonakala ezimilise zityediwe - spirillly.
• Esaziwa - spirochetes.

Indawo yalo intsholongwane benze umhlaba, amanzi, izilwanyana kunye nabantu. Zikhona apho namanye amagciwane ngeke asinde. Kufuneka izinto ubomi - carbon, amanzi, ammonia, iikhompawundi isalfure, nitrate - iintsholongwane unika bume. Ngenxa ngayo imichiza entsonkothileyo zemathiriyeli kwiQela le ntsholongwane ukuguqula iimveliso kwemichiza eziyimfuneko ukuze umsebenzi wabo kwaye ukuzala, olwenzeka kwisiqingatha ngokwahlula iiseli. Le nkqubo iza kuqhubeka de sigaba izondlo ngokwaneleyo.

Indima iintsholongwane liphezulu. Konakalisa izinto eziphilayo, ezihlambulule nokusingqongileyo ezivela emanzini amdaka. Kodwa aba indalo ezincinane banendima HIV kuphela, kodwa ezimbi. Iintlobo ezithile ezincinane ngobukho babo baphanga zokutya. Amagciwane yayintsholongwane eyosulela kakhulu yingozi. Basimisela umthombo kwezifo: inyumoniya, isibetho, negcushuwa, isifo sephepha kunye nabanye.

microflora amanzi

Emanzini, ezifana emhlabeni, iqulathe iintlobo ngeentlobo iintsholongwane. Kubo, lo engqongileyo yendalo. Leliphi iqulathe nani liphezulu ntsholongwane? Inani elikhulu iintsholongwane ibonakala emanzini evulekileyo omhlaba. Baphuphuma ngezinti, nomngundo, cocci, vibrios, iintsholongwane, nezinye iintlobo ezininzi.

Malunga inani ezincinane emanzini nga kugwetywa okuqulethwe oganikhi khompawundi ezo ncam emhlabeni, ngaba phantsi zinguquko. Enye milliliter yamanzi ezinokuqulathwa ngaphezu iintsholongwane kwesigidi ezimbalwa eyahlukileyo. Inani mkhulu kubo inokufumaneka emanzini komhlaba. Komhlaba kubo ngaphantsi ngenxa yokuba, engaphakathi umhlaba, amanzi ipasisa uhlobo lokuhluza.

Phi inani elikhulu iintsholongwane? Emanzini evulekileyo. Inani labo kuyahlukana kwaye kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. iimeko zemozulu kuchaphazela inani ezincinane. ungcoliseko lwamanzi bubumdaka mveliso, ilindle ikhuthaza ukwanda wabo, ngokuba amanzi iqulathe isixa esikhulu zenkqunto ephilayo. Ngenxa yokukhula ngokukhawuleza iintsholongwane ngokulula ayinayo ixesha kufuneka icaciswe, nto leyo yenza ukuba iingxaki zokusingqongileyo.

Ukudluliselwa: amanzi okusela ilungile, ukuba omnye milliliter iqulethe na iintsholongwane ngaphezu kwekhulu. Kwamathandabuzo ulwelo ezinomthamo iintsholongwane 100-150 ml nganye. Izincomo amanzi angcolile milliliter iintsholongwane leyo ebangela ukuba ezingamakhulu amahlanu nangaphezulu nganye.

Kuphantsi kweziphi izinto endlwini ngakumbi ntsholongwane?

Kubonakala ukuba ukuhlamba rhoqo imigangatho kunye dusting akwanelanga ukukhusela nxamnye iintsholongwane. Indlu izaliswe Zininzi izinto. Wokutshabalalisa amagciwane eziyingozi, kuyimfuneko ukuba lilixa liphi na izifundo bandisa kukuninzi na. Iingcaphephe bafumanisa ukuba iintsholongwane ezininzi esebenzayo zande zifundo zilandelayo: iibhodi neemela, ikhitshi itawuli, izibambo, iitephu zamanzi, umabonwakude elawulwa-kude, iiswitshi, ifowuni. Ngenxa yoko, ubuncinane kanye ngeveki kufuneka zicocwe kunye zintsholongwane kwaye uhlambe arhente bactericidal.

air microflora

Air yimekobume engentle lwegciwane. Apha Cya engahlalwa ngokusisigxina, yaye okwethutyana xa babehamba ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Umoya ayiqulathanga izondlo, kukho ubushushu rhoqo kwaye rhoqo akukho ukufuma, kodwa ilanga elininzi, ibe yingozi kwi iintsholongwane.

Air microflora akukho abasebenzi abasisigxina. Kusenokubakho zimelane omiswe kunye micrococci UV ezingatshiyo, nomngundo, amagwele. Inani omkhulu iintsholongwane equlethwe emoyeni kwi-atmosfere asezantsi. Kukho amagciwane: tubercle inegciwane, iintsholongwane, Staphylococci.

Lo moya evela eluthulini microorganisms ukusuka kwamanzi kunye nolwelo, umhlaba, izilwanyana, izityalo, ezothutho, ematheni kunye yencindi xa nokuthimla, sincokola ekhohlela. On microflora zomhlaba kwakhona kuxhomekeke kwi imeko emoyeni. Inani omkhulu iintsholongwane eziqulethwe umoya imozulu ehlotyeni owomileyo phezu kwizixeko ezikhulu. Bambalwa emoyeni entabeni, waya emantla, phezu amahlathi, iilwandle kunye namachibi.

microflora lomhlaba

Ukusebenzisa inkqubo iintsholongwane, ukuzeyisa ukucoca, carbon wesiphaluka, initrogen. Umhlaba yinto yemvelo ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izinto ezincinane. Inani omkhulu iintsholongwane ezifumaneka emanzini, emhlabeni, yaye kumphezulu womhlaba kukho inani elincinane kakhulu. izixa yatyeba kwezinto eziphilayo kunye neengcambu uyafa sisityalo - okusingqongileyo kakhulu ukukhula amagciwane.

microflora umhla- ezahlukeneyo. Kuyinto zizityebi kumaqela ahlukeneyo nokomzimba iintsholongwane. Kwala magciwane kakhulu esebenzayo abasaphuhlayo lwamimandla ingcambu yezityalo, leyo ibizwa ngokuba rhizosphere. Inani omkhulu iintsholongwane ezifumaneka emhlabeni - kukho ngaphezulu zazo ngaphezu emoyeni, kunye namanzi.

Le bacterium lomchamo

Abanye bakholelwa ukuba elona nani likhulu iintsholongwane ezifumaneka umchamo, kodwa lo mbono nto eziphosakeleyo. Umchamo Kulungile - imveliso wawuqalekisa. Ubukho bezinye arhente kukuba umzimba phambili ngezifo.

Ukuba ikhona kwi kwamagciwane umchamo, imeko ebizwa bacteriuria. Ngoko ke, emzimbeni womntu yinkqubo arhabaxa. Senzeka zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Nangona kunjalo, inani elikhulu kwegciwane umchamo inokuba ngenxa ezingafanelekanga ukuqokelelwa biomaterial. Kodwa amagciwane ukungena umchamo emathunjini. Loo indlela elalana kuthiwa inyuka.

Ukuba ngexesha uhlalutyo lubonisa intabalala kwamagciwane kulwelo eziphilayo, eyabelwe ngenyameko unyango olufanelekileyo. Bacteriuria luphawulwa intlungu osesiswini, ukuchama igazi kunye etsho ngevumba rhoqo. Umchamo namafu, kunye kukubola. Xa ukudumba lobushushu lwesinye i lingaphumi, kodwa ukuba usulelo wangena nezintso - oku kungenzeka kakhulu.