Diamond inkulu ehlabathini. Diamond "Cullinan"

Okwangoku ehlabathini kukho ezininzi i amatye ezintle, kodwa akukho namnye kubo abuhambi xa kuthelekiswa ilitye elikhulu, geni 1905. diamond inkulu ehlabathini eyafunyanwa yam eMzantsi Afrika kufuphi nesixeko Undlunkulu welizwe.

Imbali lwam Afrika

Thomas Cullinan waqala ukusebenza njenge umakhi. Yakuba ibasindisile imali encinane, wagqiba ukukhangela idayimani. A kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka Undlunkulu welizwe, wathenga ifama Elandsfontein ngo-1904 kwaye basebenze kuyo. Ndakhetha ngocoselelo kakhulu, wazimisa amehlo akhe phezu sayithi kunye ephakamileyo. Hill, njengoko kwaba kamva, wasekwa phezu umbhobho kimberlite, leyo yeyam, "iNkulumbuso". Igama laloo ndawo kuthiwa emva kokuba iNkulumbuso, lowo wayekho kuvulwa emgodini.

A buza unique

Kwisiqingatha sesibini yemini intloko imigodi Frederick Wells ziqhutywe esweni ngemihla. ingqalelo yakhe ingqalelo komso eqaqambileyo ngokungaqhelekanga na isifundo. Ngaphakathi ubunzulu umhadi kweemitha 5.5, wabona eliqela. Isifundo lubonakala ngamandla imitha yelanga yaye abazange bakhangele efana negilasi. Behla baye emhadini, yena ngenyameko ngemela wemba ephuma eludongeni diamond inkulu ehlabathini. Emva kokuhlola ubulukhuni yakhe, yena ngovuyo waqonda ukuba phambi kwakhe ilitye elinqabileyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ngokuba zophando lwakhe engaqhelekanga Wells wafumana umvuzo amawaka-10 zeerandi, kwaye kanye igama laloo ndawo kwathiwa intloko yenkampani diamond zemigodi - Nkosi Thomas Cullinan, abeza emigodini unanamhla.

elikhulu Afrika

Masters of Mining, kwaye kwacaca ukuba lo ilitye bafumana - kuba yinxalenye ingxilimbela enkulu, ubukhulu anokuba amaxesha ngaphezulu kwe 2-3. diamond inkulu ehlabathini yaba ubungakanani ngenqindi umntu omdala yaye zingcono kakhulu kuyo yonke ziikristale wakha afumaneka kuzo zonke iimbombo zomhlaba. Initial kweekhilogram 3.106 carats metric. Stone Akumangalisi kuphela umxhelo parameters zayo, kodwa Obusemagqabini ubunjani. Kuye kwacaca ngokupheleleyo kwaye enemibala. Phezu kwakukho sibange encinane. Kungenxa leli phutha mncinane, kwagqitywa ekubeni ezahlulwe ngamatye eziliqela elikhulu.

Bempilo enkulu yathengiswa kurhulumente Transvaal for 150 lamawaka eekhilogram ubunzima.

Travelling crystal omangalisayo

Ngokutsho nenguqulelo esemthethweni, ngoNovemba 1907, ilitye ithiwe thaca kwi-wokuzalwa kumkani enkulu Edward VII njengophawu ukunyaniseka kweli thanga eqhotyoshelweyo emva kokuba Anglo-Boer War. Enyanisweni, i "isipho" kakhulu kuxabisa kaNondyebo British (phantse izigidi zeerandi), nedayimani wathengiswa.

Ekupheleni kuka January 1908 nedayimani odluliselwe kwinkampani Amsterdam ukusika, kunye Februwari 10 inkosi uAbraham Assher waya kusebenza. Uninzi umdla kukuba umntu inshorensi eAfrika diamond inkulu ehlabathini lalihamba inqanawa emkhosini, yaye ngenxa IsiNgesi Channel yafudukela ngokuzolileyo epokothweni umntu othengisa phezu abakhweli wokuweza elula.

diamonds zasebukhosini

Ukuze ukufunda isakhiwo bakaRafa kunye nelungelo ukufumanisa kwindawo impembelelo ukuya yokwahlulahlula yayo iindawo eziliqela, kwadlula ixesha elithile. Ilitye wenza imbobo kwi imela yakhe ekhethekileyo watsho Betha eyomeleleyo wayaphula. Asinguye wonke ubani kufuneka kakuhle ukuba baphule ledayimani omkhulu, nto leyo kukade icangcisiwe cwaka balele izibilini zomhlaba, ezimbalwa amatye ezincinane. Master Ndandisoyika kakhulu. Crystal waba namandla kangangokuba kuphela yesibini umzamo wakwazi ukwahlula zibe amatye amabini amakhulu, ubukhulu 2029,94 no 1068,09 carats, eziqwenga ezintathu amancinci. Okokuqala Cullinan (ifoto umbonisa ngokohlobo amachaphaza nge 74 iinkalo nezinobunzima 530,2 carats) Korol Georg V ebizwa ngokuba 'Enkulu Star of Africa. " Nguye lo diamond inkulu ehlabathini. Wanikwa kwinxalenye engentla intonga ukumkani, nto leyo ifumaneka kwi kwiNqaba London. Ukususela bejewellery yesibini ilitye elikhulu diamond eyenziweyo Cullinan 2 317.4 eqatywe kokuba 66 ubuso - ubukhulu yikristale yesibini ehlabathini. Ngokuba lo sigebenga (parameters base - 4,3h4,1 cm) Indawo echazwe isithsaba komlawuli, esemfuleni Tower. Kwezi amaqhekeza aseleyo izinto diamond wenza diamond amabini amakhulu - pandelok ubunzima yaba 94,4 eqatywe ogama (Cullinan 3) crystal kunye isikwere imilo eqatywe weight 63.65 (4 Culzean). Ukususela ngo-1911, bona ukakayi uKumkanikazi of England. Kamva, ngowe-1959, baye ezichongiweyo izacholo.

5 Cullinan uzibuza 18.8 carats yaba ohlalele intliziyo-okwe, kwaye ifakwe ibe brooch. Kuye senzelwe ukuba uMary uKumkanikazi. Kamva, wasuswa ukusuka apho kwaye lifakwa isithsaba isithsaba yabafazi. Cullinan 6 ubunzima 8.8 carats o "marquis" wabathanda Elizabeth II. Ukumkanikazi wamnika umyalelo ukomeleza ngembonakalo yikristale kwi yomqala ledayimani-yirubhi, elithanda kakhulu enxibe ebutsheni bakhe. Cullinan diamond 7 enobunzima ka 11.5 eqatywe kunye faceting "marquis", Cullinan 8 - faceting "Emerald" kunye weight 6.8 carats Cullinan 9 - 4.4 ubunzima eqatywe, eliphakathi cut.

Ukongezelela iidayimani yobukhulu enkulu diamond inkulu yavelisa ezincinane: 5 ukuya 4.4 carats ubunzima kunye amatye miniaturized ubunzima 96 7.55 eqatywe. Ubunzima lilonke onke amatye anqabileyo kunye yi 1063,65 carats. Xa processing izinto ezinjalo 65,75% yenani lilonke Ukwehla kobunzima wafumana ingxilimbela.

Art wazigawula onke amatye emva ukwahlulwa uthathe iminyaka emine. Ngenxa yoko, nekalikedo 105 sele yenziwe. Le idayimani inkulu ehlabathini - gemstones ezinkulu ezisithoba ukuba ikratshi isithsaba IsiNgesi.

KweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwaye okwangoku

Ngexesha lemfazwe, le idayimani encinane inkampani kwezinye zezinto anqabileyo uzifihle ngenyameko iinkonkxa bamngcwabela entsimini kufuphi Windsor Palace. ziikristale amakhulu zingafakwa kwiibhokisi ngenxa iminqwazi kunye ifihlwe kwenye utshintsho lock mfihlakalo.

Okwangoku, i-Cullinan 1 (54h44h29 mm) - le diamond likhulu ehlabathini (emva "Golden wenkululeko"). Emihle nesindindeneyo okwepere ezimilise, yena Uyabahombisa intonga ngookumkani enkulu eNgilani, yaye kunye nabanye abazalwana bakhe edumileyo kweli Tower. Yonke ingqokelela olukhulu edayimani abaziwayo kunokubonwa kwiNdlu izacholo kwisikrini. iidayimani ezizodwa ngokugqibeleleyo impahla iKumkanikazi malunga namatheko ezahlukeneyo emikhosini nemibhiyozo.