Construction, ukulungiswa kunye yotshintsho lwe bekwilift e Russia

Bekwilift ekuthethwa ekusebenzeni wedwa yokugcina ingqolowa imishini. Ukongeza, izakhiwo ezinjalo ziquka ukwamkelwa kunye nokuphathwa iimveliso zezolimo. Ukususela izimpahla eqhelekileyo kunye bhuma bekwilift kwahluka ukuba eyenzelwe ukugcina imali eninzi kakhulu ingqolowa. Ukwakhiwa kwamaziko ezinjalo kufuneka kwenziwe, kakade, kunye nesicelo othembekileyo zobugcisa. Kukwanjalo uya yesondlo sabo nokuba maxesha.

izibalo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amandla yokugcina ingqolowa eRashiya, ngelishwa, ukuba kunqaba. Ngokutsho uphando Rosstat wethu, amandla iyonke wedwa, izitora CCH afumanekayo elizweni lethu, malunga 118 million tons. Ngokusemthethweni - ingaphezulu kufuneka ukugcina zonke abayiqokeleleyo amasimi lokuvuna RF. Noko ke, amandla 118 m malunga 66 m eRashiya accounted for izikhongozeli zolimo yokuba uyilo eziphelelwe lixesha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oko izitora koovimba, bakha 50 kaThixo kwekhulu yokugqibela. Xa zisetyenziswa yogcino baphulukene-20% okuziinkozo ukuvunwa.

Eneneni nawoqeqesheo mveliso zasekhaya emdala kakhulu (70%). Xa oku bekwilift okuziinkozo Russia zidla baxhotyiswa wesisele kunye ndlu izakhiwo, akazange ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeteknoloji kunye nenkxaso mihla.

Konke oku kukhokelela nelahleko ebonakalayo yesivuno kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso yokugcina ingqolowa. Ukusombulula le ngxaki kuphela yotshintsho bekwilift elakhiwa ngenkulungwane yokugqibela inokuba eRashiya okanye ukwakha izibonelelo ezitsha le lokufunda izifundo ezikhethiweyo.

A ezahlukeneyo yokugcina mveliso

Xa kuqeshwa zonke bekwilift enokufakwa phantsi kodidi ibe:

• okuziinkozo-jikelele;

• labenzi botywala (abasaphuhlayo idla ngokuba kufutshane izityalo ezivelisa cereals);

• ukulayisha (imi kufutshane ezalathelwe d w / okanye namazibuko);

• karhulumente, yenzelwe yokugcina zolondolozo okuziinkozo.

Kukwakho ezizodwa yokugcina nokutya kwezilwanyana. Ukongeza, eRashiya namhlanje, nokuveliswa ezimisiweyo bekwilift umthamo encinane, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa iifama amancinane kunye naphakathi.

nezinye iintlobo

Ngaphezu baba iintlobo eziphambili silos. Noko ke, igama elithi "ilifti" linentsingiselo ngokubanzi. Sebenzisa iinkqubo ezinjalo ayikwazi kuphela ukugcina iimveliso zezolimo. Umzekelo, izilumkiso okuziinkozo ukuba bakuwufunqula izixhobo zibandakanyiwe ekupakisheni iinqaba ngokubamba i istili. Ngokokwakheka bamele ngomzimba kunye umngxuma ziko. Ukuba abavumi ukuba isixhobo kwenzeka iingozi ezinzulu. Kwaye ngoko ke ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo zokomba kufuneka wenziwe, kakade, ngendlela ngexesha.

Olunye uhlobo bekwilift asetyenziswa kumxokelelwane ukufudumeza. Ezakhiwe ngayo olu hlobo yenzelwe ukunciphisa indlela lobushushu ukuya kwinqanaba eqhelekileyo. Bonisa bekwilift iimpompo ukufudumeza nabalulamileyo ukuba musa ukuba igalelo amandla avela ngaphandle. Ngenxa isakhiwo awodwa, ngaphakathi leyo ngokuxuba apho amanzi abandayo ashushu.

Engxakini izixhobo leyo ethe nokungakwazi ukulawula iqondo lobushushu njengesipholisi ngamashishini. Ngoko ke namhlanje wayedla Ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo ubushushu kunye ikheshi ngokudibanisa kwisiyilo lwe drive. Last unoxanduva ukuhanjiswa ikhowuni yenaliti, xa kufanelekile esatsiba isixhobo ukuvalwa. Ngenxa phambi kwayo, kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukunyenyisa inani abapasileyo ngawo umzimba ikheshi amanzi.

Ukwakhiwa silos: Iimpawu

Ukubhola kunye bekwilift adjustable yimiba ebalulekileyo kuyilo kweenqaba ezinde kunye neenkqubo ubushushu. Noko ke, amaxesha amaninzi le ngcamango iqondwa kodwa ukuba ukutya. Ngoko kuqondeni ngakumbi iinkcukacha ngendlela apho ulwakhiwo, ukulungiswa kunye yotshintsho iinkqubo ezinjalo.

Naliphi na bekwilift sihlanganisa zokusebenza wesisele inqaba. Ukuba akhe isakhiwo enjalo ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Noko ke, amaxesha amaninzi kusetyenziswa le izitena njongo okanye eziphathekayo. Uphahla, iifestile neengcango zefula amalungiselelo ngendlela eya ecaleni ngokupheleleyo ithuba lokufumana yokugcina ukufuma. mandatory paul zingangenwa ukukhusela ingqolowa ngenxa yamanzi aphantsi komhlaba lowo.

Ukwakha wesisele njalo phezu kwesiseko ekubhalwe kuso. Kulo mzekelo umgangatho kumgangatho wokuqala ezinde nzulu kwi 80-250 cm. Yintoni ukwenza njalo ikakhulu ngenxa nemfuneko yokulungelelanisa izixhobo ukwamkelwa kunye namaqonga w / d kunye indlela yothutho.

Ukongeza kwizibonelelo zemveliso (uthuma, remote control, njalo njalo. D.), Xa iinqaba zokusebenza ii zazisebenza. Le misebenzi yenzelwe ukuba yokugcina kanye mbilu. Amaninzi, ulwakhiwo iquka ufakelo bekwilift 2-3 silos ezinkulu. Ezi zithinteli kufuneka zenziwe ngesinyithi okanye ufakelo.

Ukongeza zefula, hopper elifakiweyo bekwilift, eyenzelwe bekhupha ingqolowa. Ukusuka uSilo ukuba zahluke ukuba embhoxo yabhukuqa ngezantsi yephiramidi.

Industrial yokugcina izixhobo

bekwilift yokwakha umthetho ngokukodwa kolu hlobo lomsebenzi yenkampani. Ezi mveliso uqobo kubonelela zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze athi bhuma. Ngaphandle silos kunye imigqomo, nasenqabeni ingafakwa, umzekelo:

• zokuhlanjululwa ephathelene (sahluli skalperators);

• inkqubo njengeminqweno (ukususwa ubumdaka ukukhanya);

• izikali Flow.

Moving ofisi bhuma cereal wenza usebenzisa bekwilift (iilifti) kunye abathuthi eziintlobo ezahlukeneyo.

Umgaqo ukusebenza ikheshi

Inkqubo lemveliso nasiphi na bhuma iquka iinkqubo iphambili ilandelayo:

• ukwamkeleka yamabele;

• processing wayo (wokwaphusa kunye nokucoca);

• indawo yokugcina;

• umthengi iholide.

Xa kufika isiphelo okuziinkozo sifikelele kwangaphambili-esotiweyo izinto ezininzi (umgangatho, isidanga ukufuma okanye kobutyobo kunye t.). Xa inqaba yayo yokusebenza ubunzima, ukucocwa, womile kwaye wathumela yokugcina nge a yokuthutha. Ekuthunyelweni zefula ingqolowa railcars uqobo enziwa diplegs okanye ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa.

Ukulungiswa bekwilift: Iimpawu

Ekubeni izixhobo zokugcina okuziinkozo kwiimeko ezininzi usebenzisa endala, ukuya entlanganweni yesondlo kunye nokulungiswa kufuneka wasondela ngenkathalo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba kunokwenzeka, nangona kancinane kuphela, kodwa ukuphucula umgangatho yokugcina iimveliso zezolimo kunye nokunciphisa lahleko ubuncinane.

Amaninzi, xa bekwilift kufuneka baphumeze ezi ntlobo zokusilungisa, ezifana:

1. Uphawu inter-panel amalungu amaziko. Phantsi nempembelelo embi kokusingqongileyo imiba amalungu kunye zefula yokugcina ebegqwese gqitha yaye batshatyalaliswa.

2. USilo Ukucoca uphawu iintanda kwiindonga zabo. Obu buchule nokonyulwa bekwilift zisoloko phantsi imithwalo enzima oxwesileyo kwaye nkqo, nto leyo ekhokelela zonke iintlobo iziphene. iintanda ibephakathi ezindongeni eShilo ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa ngodaka nesamente-isanti. Kwakhona kwenziwa nokomeleza silos yi gilzovaniya.

3. iifestile Replacement kunye nokupheliswa lobuchwepheshe mezhsilosnyh ukulala.

4. Ukubuyiselwa ebizwa umthamo kwezakhiwo ufakelo lwesamente.

5. Ukulungiswa eluphahleni kunye yemastic.

6. Ukulungiswa anoomatshini bokungenisa.

Ukupeyinta kwezakhiwo kunye nezixhobo

Kakade ke, kufuneka kusoloko ezomileyo silos zokugcina. indawo eziphathekayo kwahlukile porosity kwaye abe ezininzi microcracks. Ukwenzela ukuthintela ukwanda ukufuma komoya ngaphakathi yokugcina, iindonga zawo okufanele angcolise ubungangamsha. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka asebenzise ipeyinti ngokuhlaziya okhethekileyo.

Kakade ke, zizotywe bekwilift kufuneka ivenkile ngokwabo kuphela. Libeke le nyango kufuneka abekwe nezixhobo ngaphakathi: .. yokomisa, zokuthutha, bekwilift emphandeni, njl Ukuze ukusingatha loo yoyilo ngokufuthi zisetyenziswa iintimba.

Iinzuzo yotshintsho

Repair, ngaloo ndlela evumela abanye ukuba kuncitshiswe ukulahleka okuziinkozo kwi ilifti eyakhelwe kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Kodwa ke, ukwenza inkqubo yemveliso kangangoko kakuhle kangangoko kunokwenzeka, Kakade, kuphela ngokwenza umsebenzi ezifana yotshintsho bekwilift kunye ukwakha kwabo ngokutsha. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, uninzi izixhobo kunye nezibonelelo ezikhoyo kwi-Russian Federation, athi bhuma lixesha. Iinzuzo maxesha kwakhiwa bekwilift ngenkulungwane yokugqibela ndlela, kungaba ingqalelo:

• ekuphuculeni umgangatho yokugcina okuziinkozo;

• zokuphucula ucikizeko amandla;

• ukuphucuka kwezendalo yokugcina okuziinkozo;

• ithuba ecacileyo ukubeka esweni ngokuzenzekelayo intsebenzo onke amasebe, yaye ngaloo ndlela kukuhla kwenani labasebenzi ababandakanyekayo.

Ukphuculwa bekwilift eRashiya: ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo

Iqela amanyathelo ejolise kwanokwandisa ukusebenza ukutya omdala, lungabandakanya misebenzi ilandelayo:

• ukwandisa umthamo yokomisa;

• iindlela zothutho replacement kule mihla;

• yokugcina izixhobo ezongezelelweyo kunye nokufumana amanqaku;

• nokutshintshwa lixesha thermo entsha.

Kwakhona Ukuphuculwa bekwilift yaye ngokufuthi kubandakanya lokuphelisa nya zonke iintlobo iingxaki zentlalo. Oku kunokuba, umzekelo, ukunqongophala izibane, uthuli, ubukho iinkozo kobutyobo kummandla izixhobo zokusebenza, njalo njalo. D. bhuma Ngamanye amaxesha ngokutsha waza wenza inkqubo efana ezinjenge ndawo.

Imfuneko kwanokuphucula iinkqubo thermometry

Izixhobo olu hlobo kwenye bekwilift eziphambili. Ivela emsebenzini wayo egudileyo kuxhomekeke kakhulu ukhuseleko lwemveliso yezolimo. Inyaniso yokuba ingqolowa zazisebenza kuvamile ukuba onjalo isenzeko esibi njengoko self-zokufudumeza ngenxa ukufuma ngokugqithiseleyo.

Ukuba ngaphezulu ubushushu avumelekile kwi iyaxela, ukusindisa imiqathango yezolimo kufuneka kuthathwe ngoko nangoko. Ngelishwa, ezininzi kwinkqubo thermometry amatyala ikheshi umhla nawo lixesha kwaye zifuna ukutshintshwa okanye ukuphucuka.

Iimpawu benkqubo yolawulo phuculo

Reconstruction kwezixhobo ezikhoyo ukuya ukutya kwalo hlobo kudla ikuvumela ukuba:

• ngokukhawuleza ukufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga lobushushu kwiingcamba ezahlukeneyo ubunzima egcinwe;

• ngokukhawuleza nangokulula sihlaziye yonke data;

• Ukugcina yokugcina zazinemilinganiselo.

Ukphuculwa bekwilift ithatha lombutho lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kweenkqubo zolawulo. othandwa kakhulu, umzekelo, ukuba kukho izixhobo thermometric osebenza ngokusekelwe boluvo analog. Kwinkqubo wokuphunyezwa yokugqibela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba ukusetyenziswa sele ifumaneka kwi isizukulwana yangaphambili nokunqunyanyiswa ikheshi.

Maxa wambi inkqubo esweni iya kuthi yongezwe bhuma yaye unovelwano ukuphazamiseka abenzi boluvo digital. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko ingenziwa kumanqanaba, ngaphandle kokufuna utshintsho kwinkqubo imveliso kunye yokunqongophala kwemali eli langoku automation kwezixhobo thermometric.