Abathwali inkulu ehlabathini. zenethiwekhi ekhona emhlabeni

Namhlanje, kukho inani elikhulu abathwali moya omkhulu. Owona efunekayo ukuze umkhosi mihla - ukuhamba. Kungenxa yesi sizathu elula ukuba akukho nto abathwali ngakumbi kakuhle, nto leyo ebhodini ntli inqwaba ukulwa moya kwaye inani elikhulu labantu. Makhe ndabelane nani abathwali inkulu ehlabathini. Abanye babo ukwenza umsebenzi wabo, yaye namhlanje, ngoxa abanye bezisoloko ngaphandle kwenkonzo kukhonza njengoko nemiboniso yimyuziyam.

Eyona inkulu moya carrier Nimitz uhlobo

Kukhuselekile ukuba iklasi "Nimitz" ifildi yodibaniso zithathwa nje enkulu ehlabathini. Ekubeni ubude neemitha 333 kunye nobubanzi kumgangatho flight neemitha ngaphezu kwe 76, ezi ngxilimbela iqulathe malunga 90 iiyunithi zobunjineli jukwini. Phakathi kwazo, 64 no-26 ntaka ukulwa. crew Full moya carrier "Nimitz" - abantu 3200. Ukusuka apha liyakunikezela-2 800 amaqela moya-70 neqela labantu. Phantse zonke iinqanawa zibe iinkcukacha ezifanayo, izisombululo uyilo kunye nezixhobo ebhodini. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba "Nimitz" ifildi yodibaniso kungenziwa eziqhutshwa iminyaka malunga-20 ngaphandle kokutshintsha umthombo wamandla le mveliso. Ngamafutshane, ungathumela unyaka-20 kohambo olude. Inqanawa wokuqala lomgca yasungulwa ngo-1975 yaye igama elifanayo, "Nimitz".

Inkcazelo eneenkcukacha ezininzi kwiklasi abathwali "Nimitz"

Yahlula a amagama ambalwa kufuneka enokuthethwa izityalo amandla inqanawa leyo. Le ibandakanya iinkqubo eziphambili kunye encedisayo. Basic kubandakanya reactor ezimbini amanzi, nganye ulondla samanzi 2. reactor amanzi osemqoka ukuba njengesipholisi kwaye njengemodareyitha isebenzisa amanzi eqhelekileyo xinzelelo. Kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje olu hlobo reactor zenyukliya kwi abathwali moya yeyona ethandwa kakhulu nolusebenzayo. Ukuba ufaka amandla turbines ezine, isiphumo isixhobo kwi 280,000 enjini. Ufakelo oluncediswayo - injini diesel 4 amandla iyonke 10.700 enjini. Ezi abathwali ezinkulu ehlabathini zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ukuba uvikele izisongelo air utshaba ngwenya. Kwimeko yokuqala, wammisa 3 anti-moya enomjukujelwa complex, no-4 flak-20 mm ukuvuleka. Kuba zokuzikhusela torpedoes kufuneka ngemibhobho emibini inomzimba 324 mm umatshini abanjalo. Okwangoku, 10 abathwali moya eyakhelwe "Nimitz", yokugqibela omnye - "Dzhordzh Bush", ngoku cinga thina.

Aircraft yenethiwekhi "Dzhordzh Bush" - le wempi zinamandla ehlabathini

Le nqanawa ke projekthi entsha yophuhliso "Nimitz". It has a Kuphuculwe izinto eziliqela ezikhethekileyo ezenza kube ekhethekileyo ngokwenene. Njengoko kuthakazelelwa kakhulu, ophethe moya igama imbeko uMongameli 41 th ka-United States of America - George HW Bush. Ukwakhiwa isitya yaqala ngo-2003 kwaye zixabisa US Treasury phantse $ 6.5 yezigidi zezigidi. Ngo-2009, "Dzhordzh Bush" yamkelwa ngokusesikweni ukuze zisetyenziswe. Namhlanje yenye abathwali moya inkulu yaye inamandla ehlabathini. ubude giant laliziimitha 332,8 kwiitoni ezingama-110 ukufuduka. Oku uyakwazi ukufikelela ngesantya kweekhilomitha ezili-60 ngeyure nganye kwaye kuthuthwa kwibhodi 90 zokusebenza. Abaninzi bathi i "Umkhombe kaNowa" mihla. Ngenxa yokuba le abayili ikwazile ukuhambisa ekharejini ndaze eriyali ukuya elunxwemeni kumgangatho, wafumana abambalwa ukwandisa lo moya, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kuba sithuthi isiqu. Ngoku makhe sikhangele enye abathwali inkulu ehlabathini, kuba zininzi.

Kwi i "Enterprise" iinkcukacha

Kakade ke, singasathethi inqanawa mde ehlabathini ukuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha kwekhulu eyadlulayo. Le enyukliya moya yenethiwekhi yokuqala kwihlabathi kunye liqembu phantse-5 000 abantu kunye nobude kweemitha 342. Urhulumente izicwangciso ukukhupha iinqanawa 6 "Enterprise", kodwa emva kokuba iindleko yokuqala $ 450 million kunye negalelo elikhulu kwi US zobuncwane, abanye wala. I yathi "Enterprise" iminyaka emininzi - lo eluchochoyini uphuhliso wamajoni yomkhosi. Ebudeni inkonzo yenethiwekhi moya batyelela iingxabano ezininzi, evela eVietnam kunye nesiphelo North Korea. kweminyaka 52 ukusebenza kwi "Enterprise" ekhonza abantu abangaphezu kwama-100 000, ngoko ngokukhuselekileyo sithi ifanelwe ingqalelo ukuba isithuthi. Ngo-2012, oko wabhala off kwaye ngabunye ezilahliweyo, inkqubo nekucetywa ukuba iza kugqitywa ekuqaleni 2015.

ibali Okubuhlungu "Shinano"

Ukuba nqanawa Japanese kwaye ayikwazi ngokuba nantoni okhanyayo ukusuka kwindawo kuyilo udidi lwembono, ukuya Anaki ekunokuthiwa, ngaphandle ulahlwa yesazela. Ngexesha ukubulawa imisebenzi yayo kuqala Cruiser yazika, kwathi emva ngowe-1944. Ubude sikhephe malunga 266 eemitha, kwaye ukubana abantu abamalunga 70,000 yeetoni. Kodwa ulawulo olusebenzayo eyaqala kuthintele uyakha 100% ukugqiba emkhombeni, abetha wakhululwa emanzini kwaye yazika kwisithuba seeyure 17 emva kokushiya port. It torpedoed i inkwili yaseMelika, kwakunye iindonga amanzi zaye ekuqaleni ifakwe kakuhle, kwaye iqela akukho amava, ngoko emva 7 iiyure emva inomzimba wabetha esi sikhephe emazantsi.

Enkulu "Admiral Kuznetsov"

Phakathi abathwali moya eYurophu Asia, kukho inqanawa ogama lakhe behlonipha Navy Admiral eSoviet Union, i-Admiral Kuznetsov, leyo yenye zinamandla kwelikhulu. Ukuphuhlisa lo sigebenga yaqala ngo-1982 kwisixeko Mykolayiv. Xa iinkcukacha, "Admiral Kuznetsov" wayefanele ukuba ibe yenethiwekhi moya phambili. inqanawa sinendawo ke side kancinane ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha off Su-25 kunye Su-27. Okumangalisayo kukuba, kwaba kule Cruiser kuqala kusetyenziswa inkqubo enombala "Luna" kunye mlilo icala yakuphakamisa. ubude beenqanawa - iimitha 302 sibekwe kwibhodi 25 ntaka kunye ndiza. Ukuba ubize abathwali moya zibalaseleyo elimiweyo izixhobo kwinqanaba Ngenxa izixhobo radar, i "Admiral Kuznetsov" liya kuba phakathi kweenkokeli. On kwayo yayo efakiweyo 12 izindululi "Granite", 8 "angababulali" ukufakelwa, 6 imipu AK-630M 4 "angababulali" Lokulinganisa. Loo inani elikhulu kwezixhobo, kwakunye iimbumbulu enkulu kuvumela inqanawa ukuqhuba umlilo okuqhubekayo ixesha elide. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le nqanawa senzo uza ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo Su-33, MIG-29K, ukungcitywa olukhulu icwangciswe ngo-2015.

History of the Cruiser "Varyag"

Siye kuluhlu ezininzi abathwali enkulu ehlabathini, kodwa kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye inqanawa igama "Varyag", okanye "Liaoning". Yena waqala ukwakha Nikolaev ngowe-1986, yaye bagqiba ngo-1988. Emva kokuba eSoviet Union iwa Cruiser waya Ukraine. De 1998, oko lugcinwa udlule kwaye hayi ukuba utyalo kuphuhliso, ukulungiswa njalo njalo. N. Kamva, kwagqitywa ukuthengisa yenethiwekhi moya nje million $ 20, nto leyo ixabiso nje etyeni. Ubude bayo laliziimitha 304 ngo-60 ukufuduka neetoni. inkampani chinese abucala, awawuthengayo "Varyag", yakhiwe kwaye ziphuculwe ukuze nangoku ndiyihlanganise ndiyidadise kwaye ngempumelelo uzalisekisa iinjongo zayo.

isiphelo

Ngoko kwakhona kunye nani abathwali moya idumileyo ehlabathini. Kakade ke, oko bathi, le yi "lalihlile emeleni." Kuphela Kukwakho ezifana iinqanawa indumasi "Teodor Ruzvelt 'ubude leemitha 317, i" Ronald Reagan "- iimitha 332 kunye nabanye. Phantse wonke lizwe mihla izama ukwakha izithuthi enamandla kakhulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka. iziphathi abaninzi ukusebenza hlabathi ubambe kwibhodi umkhosi encinane moya kunye ntaka, ngelo na umzuzu masibe.