BTR-3 (APC "Guardian"): isishwankathelo, inkcazelo, iimpawu kunye neempawu

Xa iimeko mihla ukuthenga izithuthi ezintsha vehicles asingabo bonke amazwe. Namazwe atyebileyo akukho kuphinda babe iqela ngamaqhekeza amakhulu aliqela, imiyalelo encinane units 40-50-70. Yiloo iimfuno umenzi kutheni phezulu kakhulu. Ukrainian BTR-3 yenye imifuziselo ukuba babe abathengi nkqu ezikhoyo ngoku ezinzima zoqoqosho.

Qala yophuhliso

Ukwakhiwa ubuchwepheshe obutsha kwaqala ngo-2000. Lo matshini wokuqala zange yenziwe kwi ngokuzibonela, nangenxa khuphiswano, ebibanjwe ngomhla ukhetho izixhobo zomkhosi kwi-UAE Marine. Akukho mfuneko ukukholelwa ukuba BTR-3 into entsha ngenene, njengoko silungiselelayo ngokwesiseko endala BTR-80. Okunye ncam, ngokusekelwe kwi BTR-94, nto leyo uphuhliso ubhalo lwe "nawo" indlela. Lo matshini waphuhliswa kwi the eKharkov umatshini-ukwakha yezityalo. Ukwakhiwa imodeli entsha yagqitywa ngo-2002.

Kule nkqubo, ababandakanyekayo iqela wokhuselo enkulu ezine ukusuka United Arab Emirates, eJamani, i-USA ne Ukraine ngokwayo. Ukuveliswa amacandelo achaphazelekayo kwiinkampani malunga neshumi elinesibini Ukrainian. Le projekthi ibe uhlobo "Internationale."

production

Ukuveliswa kwezakhiwo ezitsha BTR-3 iya kuqhutywa kungekhona ekuqaleni, kodwa remaking i BTR-70 ubudala yaye BTR-80, nto leyo isixa esikhulu isipho waya Ukraine emva kokuwa eSoviet Union. Indibano zimoto ezintsha vehicles zezona Kiev sisityalo vehicles. Iingcali lubonisa ukuba iindleko zokusebenza ye "bamaZwe" akukho ngaphezulu kwe amawaka amahlanu hryvnia ngenyanga nganye, nto leyo amaxesha amaninzi ngaphantsi kwe iindleko yokugcina omnye BTR-4.

Ukuphelisa iziphene zokwakha

Njengoko ka-2015, kwavakala ukuba lizwe Iyakwazi imveliso angekho ngaphantsi kwe-90% ye components ubuchwepheshe obutsha. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka, yenze umba abathwali abasebenzi vehicles, ngakumbi iindleko-olusebenzayo.

Ekusondeleni kwexesha elidlulileyo, abaphathi Kiev zesityalo ingxelo ukuba ukususela ekuqaleni imveliso kunye nexesha kuyilo koomatshini sele enze izilungiso phantse 800 ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo lungisa iintsilelo echongiweyo ngexesha lokusebenza. Ukongeza, kuba ikwazile ukuba kakhulu ngcono manufacturability, ukufikelela kuphela eyona ndawo elichanekileyo welds. Kunyaka ophelileyo uqalise izifundo olunzulu kwi amathuba ufake yenethiwekhi abasebenzi vehicles kwi German iinjini MAN.

Kuvakala ukuba ekuqaleni Novemba 2015, Thailand iye ukufeza kokusayina isivumelwano, ngokutsho kuyo ngokuzimeleyo ngayo ukuvelisa BTR-3 kunye kwanangamacandelo alo phezu nommandla wayo. Akucacanga ukuba, nakuba kunjalo, njengoko Thais baza ukuvelisa housings. Nokuba baya ukuvula izakhiwo zazo Foundry ngenxa BTR-3, ukuba unqwenela ukuthenga endala BTR-70/80 evela Ukraine.

features design

Ngenxa imvelaphi kumatshini, akukho yezitshixo ayimangalisi nge-imvelaphi inyuselwa umnqongo wokulinganisela wolawulo. Igqampe khona gumbi crew kwaye ibekwe phakathi vehicles, benjini - ngasemva. lamagumbi ezinjalo kubeko BTR-3 waboleka ngqo ukusuka 'ookhokho' zabo.

Njengabo, le modeli unako amandla ayo ukunyanzela imiqobo amanzi. Kuba motion kule meko lisetyenziswa injini ye jet, ekhwele nangasemva. Kuninzi sele kwenzekile kuwo lula yomqhubi. Ngoko ke, ukuba uqale ukunyanzela ichibi okanye akukho mfuneko emlanjeni ukuba ashiye emsebenzini: amakhaka yokugxotha amanzi ukumpompa ngenxa zokumpompa olahlwa zalo zifakiwe kwi elorini.

Ngenxa yoko, xa buyo yesiqhelo baya kubhaliswa abantu ababini kuphela: umqhubi ngqo kunye nomsebenzisi ukulwa unit. Eli gumbi kokwehla ibekwe abalwa ubuncinane ezisibhozo emthethweni ngokupheleleyo ukuba unako ukuza kungena kwaye kuphuma umatshini ngokusebenzisa izivingco yokusonga, isikwe emazantsi kwicala ngalinye. Isebenzisa i scheme zakudala: inxalenye engezantsi ucango enza kwinqwanqwa lula, kwaye udonga lothango yesibini, bekwayame phambili nayo, ibandakanya mikhosi ukusuka bombardment lwezixhobo ezincinane ngamnye kunokwenzeka. Kuba kwiimeko zongxamiseko enikiweyo izivingco eluphahleni imoto vehicles.

Kukho iyunithi wexesha elizeleyo emoyeni eyi, kwakunye nenkqubo ucimayo emlilweni oluzenzekelayo kwi injini-transmission gumbi.

neqondo lokhuselo

Kodwa le ngongoma yeyona umdla ukuqwalasela. Isibakala sokuba icala Ukrainian imeko imoto vehicles njengoko ikhuselekileyo, ukuthelekisa kube kunye netanki ngokupheleleyo. Indlela kulingane ndlela enyanisweni BTR-3, iimpawu zobugcisa apho esixubusha, unako ukumelana ezahlukeneyo ngendlela intshabalalo?

Lo imoto yokuqala vehicles imvelaphi Ukrainian kulwakhiwo eye yasetyenziswa isikrweqe ngokwahlukeneyo ziintsimbi sikhusela abasebenzi ukusuka umonakalo iimbumbulu kunye Kevlar wankqonkqoza ngenxa elekhtrons nokugcina nobutyobo. Njengokuba besesitshilo, izindlu ibandla ukusuka endala eSoviet-ezenziwe yenethiwekhi abasebenzi vehicles ngu Weld isikrweqe olongezelelweyo macwecwe liqengqiwe sheet ngentsimbi. Ngaphandle aphe bonke bephela afakwe engile olwamkelweyo ezandisa amathuba nkobe nokubonelela ngcono yalila umatshini yokhuseleko.

Housing BTR-3, nto leyo phantse kuzo zonke imizobo ngokuphindaphindiweyo iimpawu BTR-80 iyahluka yakhiwe appreciable egudileyo. Njengoko ingxelo yi abayili Ukrainian, oko kwenziwa ngenxa lula ekoyiseni imiqobo yamanzi. Kwakhona, kukho ulwazi ngumthengi ukuze ukukhetha mayixhonywe amajarha lamagumbi kunye kubude 150 mm, nto leyo ekwenza kube lula ukungena nokuphuma izilwi, kwakunye ngobungxamo ababuleweyo kwi edabini.

iimpawu ukuhamba

Ukuze lula ulawulo, nokunciphisa umthwalo umqhubi eyakhayo onamandla ngesanti kubunzulu baphantsi power steering. Zine (!) Of ukulawulwa ngaphambili-wheel, nto leyo iphucula oomatshini uphume kunye ayinto. Kukho inkqubo ezisembindini ebonisa elinomoya omcinci kunye indlela lolawulo lwabo evumela wena ukhethe ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokushiya umatshini, ulungise parameters. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu ukuba Uhambise kufuneka boyise kwiindawo ezinodaka kunye nemigxobhozo.

isityalo Power transmission

Okwangoku, i-injini waseJamani BTR-3 "Watch" olubekwe Deutz BF6M1015, Sibahlangule amandla 326 hp. a. Le umatshini mayixhotyiswe transmission oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo Allison MD3066. Kukho ukhetho mali, xa vehicles abasebenzi yenethiwekhi ufumana motor UTD-20, kuphuhliswa izakhono iilitha 300. a. Kodwa ayikho kakhulu zifunwa nokuba kweli lizwe okanye abathengi basemzini, njengoko ukuhamba lweso sixhobo de ngokwanelisayo uwe mfutshane.

Ngelo zakutshanje imodeli entsha lusekiwe injini MTU 6R106TD21, umthamo zangaphakathi - 7.2 iilitha. Le motor kunokufuneka ukuba akhuphe amandla ukuya iilitha-325. a. Kwaye eli xesha, abalimi bagqiba ukufaka automatic transmission ngokupheleleyo Allison 3200SP. Kuvakala ukuba ekuqaleni 2015 Yalungiswa (theory) ngere- Ukrainian oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo. Enokwenzeka, ukuba le projekthi iza kuqaliswa izinto ngoku kwezoqoqosho, ngoko ke kuphela ukuba imveliso mvume imifuziselo amazwe.

Ukucacisa coil

BTR-3E1 ifakwe amavili French Michelin iimbumbulu. [9] amavili emoto oxwesileyo, tubeless, uxinzelelo nokuxuba kunye ledayimenshini 365/90 R18 kunye 335/80 R20.

I axhobileyo imoto entsha vehicles

Ingakumbi le ndlela yenziwe iyunithi zilwe CBA-105 "uqhwithela" engundoqo iphawulekayo amandla leyo yanje mm-30 umpu ZTM-1 model. Ngalo, ipere runs kwi-7,62 mm Umatshini gun 7,62 CT. Yini crew BTR-3 (a isithuthi mihla vehicles emva bonke) kwintlanganiso netanki yotshaba? "Ukhuphiswano-M" Ukulungiselela le njongo, umatshini kufakwa ATGM izindululi izikhongozeli ezibini 9M114M. Ukuhlasela elihamba okanye ukubonakalisa yayo ukuhlaselwa mm-30 sokuqhumisa oluzenzekelayo launcher zingasetyenziswa.

Umlilo-control nokuzinziswa umpu engundoqo udibana ezintsonkothileyo Kucelwe-20, nto leyo ifakiwe ekuyilweni somfanekiso omtsha izixhobo VCA-500. ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngcono kakhulu wadubula ukuchaneka nkqu kuluhlu elide.

Olunye uhlobo lwe kwimodyuli yokulwa

Kukho eyongeziweyo lobeko lwe vehicles imoto yokulwa imodyuli izixhobo BM-3M "Storm". Eyahluke kuphela uzinziso unit ezingalweni moya ezimbini. kuye kwathi le nkqubo, phantsi kweliso elibukhali M. D. Borisyuka. Njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili, isiseko kwimodyuli i oluzenzekelayo mm-30 kunaso imodeli ZTM-1 (Ammo - rounds 350) kunye-7.62 mm umatshini umpu adume e CT kunye kwemijikelo 2,000. Kwicala lasekunene umnqongo ifakiwe eqala umgqomo "Barrier" kunye imijukujelwa ezine anti-itanki, nangasekhohlo kukho 30mm KBA-117 (oluzenzekelayo sokuqhumisa yokuqalisa).

Njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili, isikhokelo malunga nenjongo kunye sihlangene uluhlu ukuchana Kucelwe-20, nto leyo ngokupheleleyo yesekethe ulawulo ATGM "Barrier". Xa indima ezingalweni somfanekiso ukuyivuma VCA-500. Ekubeni Ukuzinziswa wenziwa ngexesha elinye moya ezimbini, BTR-3 "The Guardian" (abasebenzi vehicles yenethiwekhi) uyakwazi ukuqhuba umlilo ukusebenza ngoko nangoko, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha ume ukuwina. Phezu kwenqaba kubakho mortars ezincinane (81 mm) senzelwe ngokuchitha checkers ulwelo "efini."

JMA lwalunjani

Yintoni na ukusetyenziswa ulawulo lomlilo lithetha (MSA)? izixhobo brand - "Track-M." Iveliswe kwi Chernihiv Radio Equipment Plant. Iinjongo zale nkqubo ziquka ubhaqo kwangethuba ekujoliswe komhlaba kunye ntaka kunye moya iyenzeka, ukuphunyezwa kwe zokukhomba, kwakunye nolawulo kude zonke ezimbaxa isithuthi yokulwa.

Le umphathi uba stand-alone unit (kunye iimpawu ezifanayo), "Panorama-2P". Kwakhona ukuphatha iingalo ulawulo kabini usebenzisa iqela lenjongo ethile ekude. Large-format camera obanzi, eyinxenye ye zombini units zokulwa lo, banokuvuselwa kubude uneenyawo ezimbini, ukubonelela i-ngqwayi kunye gunner ngokutsha aphezulu kunokwenzeka. Le nkqubo kwakhona kwizinto eziveliswa kule Chernihiv Radio Equipment Plant.