Biological Organisation

Wildlife yindlela ephelele, kodwa kakhulu inkqubo owahlukeneyo, kuba leyo uphawu angumbutho omnye ukwehla ecacileyo. Yiyo lo mhlaba kwaye zibonisa babizwa ngokuba amanqanaba lombutho ubomi. Kule nkqubo, zonke i ezilungiswe ngokucacileyo, ukuqala ukusuka ezantsi ukuya ophum 'izandla.

ZeBhayoloji Umbutho - inkqubo oluneqela elinegunya yi-odolo phantsi ezivakalisa kuphela uhlobo ngokweenkqubo zebhayoloji, kodwa ingxaki yabo kancinane ngokunxulumene nesebe ngalinye. Namhlanje isigqibo sokwabela amanqanaba main ezisibhozo

Ukongeza, kukho imibutho zilandelayo nkqubo:

1. Micro - ethile isigaba doorganizmennaya esiquka imigangatho izakhi kunye subcellular.

2. Mezosistema - ke, kwinqanaba organismic elilandelayo. Ezi ziquka iseli, izihlunu, iziko, inkqubo, kwaye amanqanaba nenyama lombutho ubomi.

Kukho kwakhona macro apho i-nobuninzi Superorganismal kwamanqanaba.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwinqanaba ngalinye uneempawu zawo, nto leyo eza kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Doorganizmennye Biological Organisation

Kukho yamkelwe ukwabela amanyathelo emibini esisiseko eyile:

1. Ezinto Biological Umbutho - imele umgangatho nokusebenza kunye intlangano macromolecules zebhayoloji, kuquka iiprotheni, nucleic, lipids kunye polysaccharides. Apha iqala iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ebomini nawuphi ephilayo - iseli yokuphefumla, inguqu amandla kunye nokusasazwa kolwazi yemfuza.

2. Inqanaba Subcellular - apha ziquka nokucwangciswa organelles yeseli, nganye wenza indima ebalulekileyo iiseli ebomini.

Organismic Biological Organisation

Eli qela kuquka iinkqubo ukuba ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka umzimba uphela. It isigqibo ukwaba oku kulandelayo:

1. zeeselula Biological Organisation. Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba iseli lusisisekelo noshowo nayiphi esiphilayo. Lo mgangatho olufundwa usebenzisa cytological, cytochemical, cytogenetic kunye neendlela ekuzakuqalwa.

2. Amanqanaba Tissue. Apha ke ugxininiso kufuneka ihlawulwe isakhiwo, iimpawu kunye nokusebenza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwithishyu, apho, enyanisweni, kuba imizimba. Isifundo kwezi zakhiwo ababandakanyekayo histology kunye histochemistry.

3. Inqanaba Ilungu. eziphilayo Multicellular luphawulwa kwinqanaba elitsha mbutho. Nazi ezinye amaqela amalaphu zidibene, ezakha isakhiwo esisiso kunye nemisebenzi ethile. yelungu ngalinye kuyinxalenye esiphilayo, kodwa ayikwazi ngokuzimeleyo khona ngaphandle kwayo. Lo mgangatho yokufunda Sciences ezifana zomzimba, nokwakheka embryology kwezinye ngomlinganiselo.

kwinqanaba Organismal imele zombini kwiseli kunye multicellular. Ngapha koko, wonke umzimba lonxulumelwano phakathi ebesithwele zonke iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ebomini. Ukongeza, ukuba zithathelwa ingqalelo yaye inkqubo ifakwe, uphuhliso kunye nokukhula, kwakunye ekugugeni ephilayo ngamnye. kweli nqanaba zifundwa inzululwazi amalungu, embryology, imfuza, anatomy, kwesayensi.

Supraorganismal Biological Organisation

Apha zithathelwa ingqalelo azikho izinto kunye nezahlulo zabo zokusebenza kunye ezithile eziphilileyo.

1. level Abemi-ngqo. Le yunithi olungundoqo apha labemi - iseti eziphilayo uhlobo oluthile ezikuyo ntsimi echazwe kakuhle. Bonke abantu bekwazi ziyazalana ngokukhululekileyo kunye nabanye. Uphononongo ababandakanyekayo kulo mgangatho lenzululwazi ezifana KABLOOM, eziphilayo, imfuza labemi, biogeography, KABLOOM.

level 2. Ecosystem - zithathelwa ingqalelo uluntu ezinzileyo abantu ezahlukeneyo, ubukho leyo inxulumene kwaye axhomekeke kwindalo engaphiliyo, imozulu, njl Ngokubanzi, ukufundisisa umgangatho mbutho ababandakanyekayo nendalo ..

3. Inqanaba Biosphere - likwimo iphezulu mbutho lobomi, nto leyo isethi ehlabathini langa biogeocenosis yonke.