Apho kukho yolondolozo lwendalo Kivach? Izilwanyana kwi reserve Kivach

Ngowe-1931, siye sagqiba ukwakha uvimba Kivach. Yasungulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko enhle eponymous okungenanto ndinalo phantsi emaweni. Abathandi uKhenketho asoloko enomdla "Reserve Kivach phi? ".

indawo

Environmental Ingingqi yeMbonakalo wazigquma hlathi lehewu, wayifulela iintaba enamatye, amachibi kunye imigxobhozo, umlambo Sawang ibhanti zenziwe. Ishumi lamawaka yeehektare kunye emnqakathi ezalathelwe ulondolozo, ku twa enkulu kummandla Kondopoga, apha kwiRiphabliki Karelia.

In emantla-ntshona, elinesibhozo yeekhilomitha ukusuka park emvelo owayamene ilali Sopoha, na idolophu Kondopoga. I-Reserve yolula ecaleni Central kunye Spasogubskomu namahlathi. Le lali Kivach - engundoqo ipaka yesizwe Manor.

inkcazelo reserve

Reserve luNxweme ngohlangothi i kwimigongxo glacial yamandulo - kubutha synclinal of Lake Onega - kwindawo apho umsebenzi onzima kwi isiqabu koqeqesho glaciation. Elimi kuyo eli reserve Kivatch ngobuso, imelwe amahlathi ezithile hlathi, imigxobhozo, amachibi, ezinkulu nezincinane.

Ukuba ushiye uphawu soze echibini elikhulu, nto leyo eye wendele ice amanzi anyibilike. Kuyinto phantse amawaka amane eminyaka ukusebenza ukutshatyalaliswa moraines kunye eskers, emikhulu. amaza alo besoma triturated amatye nesanti, zizenza a oluludaka ngemikroskopu. Lake iqhele washiya osisityebi ilifa ngohlobo nasentshonalanga gquma, hayi iSADC kweso, ezantsi ngodongwe olungalinganiyo. Kuba ngathi saa kwi nkampani Ozerets ezininzi, ahlala lwesitya - isitya.

indawo ekhuselweyo underlain ngamatye abo iminyaka iminyaka kwezigidi ezibini. Ukutyhubela kweentili lwasentshona glacial enyuka iintaba atshabalalisa. Rocks Selga kwi ngohlobo amajukujuku kwakheka kwemiqhele kulo egudileyo. Vypahannoe ezihambayo isiseko ebhedini yikristale esimfaneleko gquma igqunyiweyo, ukusekwa iziqwenga rock.

Ukususela empumalanga kunye neziko reserve yendalo Kivatch yengenanto, apho ezimbini Wasolula nakummango isanti chain-eskers. Sandy Ridge, uphakathi zicandeke izihlambo shwaka glacier, neetyuwa wabumba eyalo yimisinga enamandla yemilambo enamandla hlathi.

nezimbuku Kivach

ipaki Landscape nature iquka kumgxobhozo. izikhongozelo zabo kwimigongxo ezininzi. -Elele Low iindawo afumileyo, yimimango okuziinkozo, zengca utyani nemigxobhozo, wondla yi komhlaba kunye umphezulu ukuqengqeleka ziyahlaziywa.

Kivach Reserve kunye zizityebi amadobo, apho ukondla imvula kuphela. Bona zaqina ngokupheleleyo wawo kwakhiwa ubulembu sphagnum, Zinokuxutywa UCassandra nerosemary zasendle. Nezimbuku manani zahlukile lonto ithuba lokufumana ezimbini ezifanayo, ezifana amawele, ichibi, akukho. Iifom Life kunye neyantlukwano benkalo nganye mgxobhozo ezizodwa.

ulwazi-mahlathi

Le glacier sinyamalale, eshiya umhlaba abalwaziyo zomhlaba. Ngasentla isanti kunye nodongwe umhlaba njengendawo eyayiphithizela, canaliculate striated imijelo ngokuzingca mde rock enamandla. Kuyinto obubungqongo uya ukubumba ecosystem entsha asakhulayo, abahlala ngokukhawuleza amaqhekeza ezikhoyo isithuba.

iimeko zemozulu kunye zomhlaba, phantse akanayo wamatye, kuphela ukukhonya lwesityalo kweli hlathi embindini. Kivach Reserve uye waba umbuso Conifers. Ngokutsho ezisezintabeni alawulwa nompleyini nespruce kakuhle nasemaxandekeni, sizizifanya wanyamalala amachibi, nezihlambo afumileyo. rocks enekona pineries-belomoshnikami zigqutyuthelwe, ulele zomhlaba-inshorensi apho ezikhandelwa, ubulembu, uHeather evergreen cowberry. iindawo mgxobhozo liqiniswe pine singami ndawonye.

Embindini lo mqolo kwakhiwa evame-green biocenoses moss. Nespruce sinabele kwiindawo zodaka. Bona "wabaleka phezulu" phezu kwentaba, wakha nqwelo ngcu-fir. Nespruce dominates embindini ebekelwe bucala, ngokutsho kumathafa ezingxingweni, abaqhuba ngayo kunye alder ababuthathaka, meadowsweet kunye ubulembu, uRussell phezu amaqhuma. Isikakhulu Conifers dilutes mabalimele umthi ezinde Aspen. Kumahlathi mixed ikhula kunqabile eMzantsi Karelian ilizwe imithi - lindens nemiterebhinti.

Flora reserve

uhlaza Kivach kakhulu esisityebi. On izithuba evulelekile wafumana indawo yokufihla malunga 600 zezityalo. Yoconjululwa abameli ezingcwele arctic-Alpine, ukuvela ekuqaleni post-glacial. Yena afihla nemoral uAshera "njengabaphambukeli."

Ngokutsho kuyo, into eninzi yamadoda hlathi eqhelekileyo crumbled kunye nezityalo engcotyeni. Ummandla okhuselweyo wakhethwa iintlobo ezinqabileyo, wabanjwa kwi-Red Book wephepha. Icandelo Sopohskogo boron kwakhiwa imithi yamandulo, waphila iminyaka emithathu kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu.

Izilwanyana Kivach

umhlaba Protected - enkundleni efanelekileyo ngenxa yomphefumlo iindidi zezilwanyana. I Kivach uhlala ezingenamqolo ezingenakubalwa umkhosi. Bona ukusebenza izityalo bephila kwaye ufile, nokuthumela amacandelo zomhlaba izinto eziyimfuneko ngobukho izityalo kunye nemithi. Abameli ingxokolo ufukame 'abatya' uze ube kukulunywa ezingenamqolo ezidla - izigcawu, amabhungane kunye Hymenoptera.

ekuyo ezisentlabathini zimelwe kulo mmandla wolondolozo eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, ezirhubuluzayo, iintaka kunye nezilwanyana ezanyisayo. Baya athontelana ukuya kummandla kulo lonke izwekazi. Kivach - Nature Reserve, nto leyo eye idale izilwanyana emangalisayo biocenoses - yahlukile. Apha, ndawonye kunye nabameli zeentaka boreal ukusuka ezinezinga basentla nobasezantsi.

Ngamaxesha athile ihlathi indawo Lemmings enkulu kakhulu kangangokuba akazange phawula umsebenzi ebalulekileyo kwanempuku hlathi kuba nzima. Phila apha yoqobo hlathi amadoda zaseSiberia - iintlobo ezintathu shrews kunye voles ebomvu. Xa babhadula apha zazinza ezincancisayo kunye umda ongasentla lommandla ihlathi-emathafeni kunye namahlathi esemazantsi. Bona zimelwe neempuku ezinde kunye nabantwana neempuku-kancinane.

Imvelaphi jikelele zezilo benziwa eziqhelekileyo iindidi zeefayile: amasele ndiyingwevu, kwagcwala, imivundla, amabhere, amaxhama, ingqawa, iingcuka kunye nezinye izilwanyana. Ngaphandle ukukhwela "northerners" - wolverines, cuckoos kunye shrews, "southerners" - ixhama, iihagu zasendle kunye Orioles.

Xa reserve kukho kwakhona kunabantu zona. Muskrat kunye beaver waseKhanada uhlala phezu kwemithombo. Kwakukho nooks ukuba izinja raccoon kunye ngoboya American. Fumana indawo ookhetshe zazo iindlwane njengeyona.

I Kivach wahlala iintlobo 216 zeentaka. abatyeleli balo baba corncrake namahobe. Nest ehlathini boreal simi iinightingale kunye orioles. Hoopoe kunye kozodoi kuhlala nooks. Ngamanye amaxesha yokwakha loon otyheli-ibhili, piskulki amadada. Ngamanye amaxesha slips phezu kwamanzi amachibi nedada emhlophe. Ngamanye amaxesha liveni ukupopoza isikhova. Kukho njengexhalanga endala segolide kunye iinkozi ezimhlophe-tailed.

Waterfall Kivach

Emaweni isohlwayo elihle Ingxangxasi Kivach eqalisiweyo emlanjeni Sawang. Xa igama ingxangxasi imvelaphi eFinland. I eFinland wambiza kuye namnye ngaphandle "Kivach", oko kukuthi, ekhawulezileyo okanye enamandla. I ikhankanya yokuqala yebhunga amanzi inikwe umhla kunyaka 1566. Indlela ekuchazwa ngayo umbhali yakhe ezifumaneka amaphepha encwadi.

Akasekude ingxangxasi imibutho yokupaka, ivenkile sitampu kunye ikhefi, apho iindwendwe ubumnandi ehla Finnish-Karelian kunye izitya okuphekiweyo phezu kwamalahle. Kufuphi nalapho kukho museum imiboniso umdla Arboretum - ikhaya izityalo ezingaqhelekanga kunye iBirchwood.

Unique nature reserve Kivach, imephu leyo ibonisa iindlela ngqo, inika ezahlukeneyo imisebenzi. ezityhutyhayo Nature ukuquka zonke iindawo zabakhenkethi Natural Park. Amangeno siqala engxangxasi, dendrokollektsiey, imyuziyam indalo kunye nezinye iindawo.