Arafura Ulwandle phi? Inkcazelo, iimpawu

Kweli nqaku, ungakwazi ukufunda omnye kweelwandle izityebi Indian Ocean, Yaba likhaya phantse kwisithathu kulo lonke izilwanyana yolwandle kunye nohlaza. Kuyinto njengezwekazi ulwandle litheni yolwandle.

Apha ungafumana ulwazi malunga yintoni uLwandle Arafura, apho yena. Kodwa ke kuqala ngokufutshane phambi uLwandle Ocean.

Indian ulwandle Ocean: inkcazelo emfutshane

Ngaphambi kokuba sihlolisise kuLwandle Arafura, khangela ezimbalwa kweelwandle.

1) Xa entla, kolwandle yi uLwandle Andaman, lirhangqwe ukuya kwimpuma ye Indochina Peninsula, ngasentshonalanga - Andaman Islands, nakwelisezantsi - iSumatra. 605000 macala onke. km - indawo ezinomyinge ubunzulu - 1043 m kwaye ndawo zinzulu - phezu uphawu ka 4507 m.

2) I-Sea Inkolo ise kwindawo kumantla yolwandle phakathi peninsulas 2: oweeneem Indian kunye Arabhu. Area - million 3.8 macala onke. khilomitha, ubunzulu-avareji - 2734 m, kwaye ubuninzi - 4652 eemitha.

3) uLwandle Olubomvu kunxweme lwase zaseYiputa, kunxweme Sudan, Sirayeli, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Djibouti kunye Yemen. indawo yayo - 450 amawaka square metres. khilomitha, 437 leemitha - ubunzulu avareji. Le ulwandle kakhulu anetyuwa ehlabathini.

4) ekupheleni kolwandle, ephakathi nonxweme (south-ntshona), oweeneem Indiya, kwaye iziqithi Maldives Laccadive yi uLwandle Laccadive, kunye indawo - 786 amawaka square metres. khilomitha, ubunzulu-avareji - 1929 m.

5) oLwandle Timor esahlula ku-Leste evela Australia. 432000 macala onke. eekhilomitha kwindawo yayo, umlinganiselo ubunzulu - 435 m.

Arafura Sea: Inkcazo

Asinto nzulu kakhulu kwi amaxabiso avareji elwandle (186 eemitha) esahlula Australia ukusuka New Guinea. Area - square kweekhilomitha million 1, kwaye ubunzulu omkhulu kweemitha 3680.

Name Sea wakho ezivela kwisizwe zemveli ezikuyo i Moluccas. Oku "al wagon", oko kukuthi ngentetho evakalayo ukusuka iziyelelane lendawo njenge "ehlathini".

Eyona nto enomtsalane kuLwandle Arafura - kucacile kakhulu namanzi acocekileyo. Ezingqonge le isiziba yendalo omiweyo ilizwe, akukho amazibuko ezinkulu yaye akukho imigodi. Kule nkalo, i-eziphilayo ulwandle noko naziphi na izisongelo.

Ifunyanwa phakathi ziqithi yaye Tanimbar kunye Kai (Arafura eLwandle e Indonesia, uhlamba lwaseYurophu iziqithi ezininzi), oko kufana ngandlela ezininzi kuLwandle Timor. Oku kungenxa Ukufana kwemozulu ebumelwaneni nonxweme.

Education Sea, ukukhululeka

Ulwandle eselula. Kuye kwasekwa ngenxa yokuba ukunyuka komgangatho wolwandle lwehlabathi. Kule ndawo kwaba kanye ilizwe, uhlanganise New Guinea ne Australia. Kulo mba, uLwandle Arafura kakhulu nzulu. inxalenye kumntla-ntshona kuphela umntu kugutyulelwe encinane ukuya kubunzulu kweemitha 3680.

Arafura ulwandle maphu ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba unxweme zako zenziwe. Le bay inkulu, ibekwe amanzi emazantsi kummandla - Carpentaria. Ngasempumalanga yi-Pacific Ocean liqhagamshelaniswe ulwandle nzulu, kodwa ngokubanzi elimxinwa - Torressovym. Kwinxalenye osemantla okubandezeleka ezinzulu kudibanisa ulwandle Banda kunye Seram (elwandle).

imida inkcazelo

Inxalenye empuma yoLwandle Arafura le erhangqwe elwandle Ukuphupha (Torres Strait), kunye Sea Seram nasemdeni Banda kwicala North-Western, kunye kuLwandle Timor ukuya ngasentshona. Umda lasemzantsi unxweme esemantla Australia, emantla - kwisiqithi New Guinea, yaye West - Islands Timur Selatan. Ubude ubude yolwandle - 1 290 km kwaye ububanzi - 560 km.

Nolwandle kwizowuni subequatorial, izele kukho iintlobo ezininzi ziziqithi nezixhobo. Apha, indalo udale iimeko efanelekileyo ngenxa yomphefumlo izinto ezininzi eziphilayo, ngenxa emanzini nzulu. Olu phawu Kwakhona unobangela iinkanyamba kunye neenkanyamba. Isimo sezulu kwezi ndawo uhlobo: iimvula elide ukunika indlela zome maxa wambi.

Kukho iziqithi kuLwandle Arafura: Kolepom, iGroote Eylandt, eziphantse ubungakanani obuncinane Aru kunye Wellesley. Ezingaselunxwemeni, igcwala nohlaza, ubukhulu becala tyaba. kunxweme engumgxobhozo kukho e New Guinea. Apha ungakwazi ukufumana izilwanyana elifana kakhulu.

nentaba bottom

Uninzi oLwandle Arafura ise kummandla shelf lizwekazi ukuba unalo igama elifanayo kunye negama layo (olubanzi nzulu yebhanki ogama Krummel ngo-1897). Yena libhekisela kwithala esempuma North Australian (okanye Sahul shelf). kwi Arafura ukusuka i arc olungaphandle Banda Islands ezahlulwe sisithuba ngokufanelekileyo nzulu-intlambo (3650 meters) Aru, nto leyo phantse iyafana kwicala akhankanywe apha ngasentla i arc iziqithi.

Xa uxinezeleko Aru ezantsi caba kunye elintlangothi kunokuba eweni, kwaye luphele engxondorheni yesiqithi entsha. Guinea. Ayebekwa esinga kwelasezantsi-ntshona, apho ubunzulu kunye wayicola (a ububanzi ezimalunga nama-40 km Ubunzulu yayo kweemitha 1600). Ke uyakhula uhamba kwi Timor Gap. Kubunzulu ingaphezulu kwe-3000 Aru ligubungela ummandla we-11,000 square metres. km.

Isiqabu bokuhlala emazantsi olwandle Arafura. ulwandle ezihlelelekileyo wahlukile ukusuka lwangaphakathi, kwaye kakhulu. Uninzi Arafura kwithala ubunzulu isusela ukusuka kwiimitha-50 ukuya kuma-80. Le ndawo yo ibekwe kumngcipheko, apho ubunzulu meters 600 Kuyinto engumnqantsa neengqaqa ukhwela izixhobo. Isendaweni kwisiqithi offshore ka Aru no-5 iziqithi ezinkulu qela yahlukanisiwe ukusuka kwenye nenye ezinzima emxinwa, ubunzulu yiyiphi na enkulu ngaphezu kokusingqongileyo. ephezulu okuncinane ecaleni Merauke (uluhlu) ukusuka kwiziqithi Aru zinabela e New Guinea kunxweme olusemazantsi kumzantsi-mpuma ukuya Cape York (Peninsula).

ixabiso kolwandle

Sea Arafura ingqongwe kumazwe gqa, ngokunxulumene ngayo amanzi ayo ezicacileyo kwaye ngesepha kude. Ukanti okuzala yakhe enkulu ezinokwenzeka utsala abalobi, ngenxa yokuba kukho iimeko ezigqwesileyo ekulobeni, ukubamba saselwandle esineqokobhe (ezifana iimbatyisi). Ngoko ke, namhlanje luya ingxaki engxamisekileyo lokuloba olungalawulwayo. Yaye ulwandle akangcolanga kakhulu kuba phezu kweendonga zayo azinazo naziphi kumazibuko ezibalulekileyo kakhulu, kwaye ndigila amanzi nje indlela elwandle e Manila, Singapore kunye Hong Kong.

Ukongeza, i-Sea Arafura ayikho nomtsalane kakhulu abakhenkethi. A ukuloba ethandwayo apha uninzi kwamanzi, ukuntywila kunye neminye imidlalo yamanzi. Ngenxa yoko, ezinomtsalane ziphambili buzinze emanzini olwandle. Noko ke, phezu izibonelelo kunxweme kubakhenkethi Australian na inqanaba eliphezulu ngokwaneleyo.

Elokuphetha yehlabathi ehamba

Emazantsi ichibi igutyungelwe ngesanti zendalo kunye neendawo ezithile - lime lendle. iindawo ejulile zimelwe ngodongwe ebomvu. Phantse kuyo yonke kwithala, kukho kwisanti ezininzi, iibhanki kunye nezixhobo.

Ihlabathi ehamba nayo iyafana kwihlabathi koLwandle Timor kwaye utyani efanayo (ulwelwe nekorale). Ekubeni amanzi ulwandle anetyuwa kakhulu, kukho izilwanyana ezimbalwa kunye fitovodorosli. Kodwa Sea Arafura nangoku intabalala izilwanyana, echinoderms, intlanzi kunye nezinye izinto benthic. Xa iyonke kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-300 iintlanzi. Kukho izilwanyana eziyingozi: ezinye kuneekorale, ngwane blue-engqongwe, jellyfish, njl Kukho ookrebe, barracuda kunye stingray ..