Antihistamines

Antihistamines - iqela amayeza iziyobisi ukuba gqiba umsebenzi receptors histamine athile kwiiseli ze eziphilayo. Isenzo kula machiza kukuba ukuphelisa wamathumbu egudileyo izihlunu spasm kunye inyumoniya iityhubhu, yehlisa capillary permeability, lula ukuhamba uxabane-lohlobo reactions, izicwili nokudumba mqobo.

Antihistamines ziyafumaneka kwiimeko ezininzi ngaphandle kagqirha. La mayeza aquka "brompheniramine," "Chlorpheniramine," "Clemastine," "Diphenhydramine", "Loratadine".

Iziyobisi, imithi ngu: "Cetirizine" "desloratadine", "Foksofenadin". La machiza Akukho phantse inokubangela iziphumo ezibi leyo ukucacisa umlomo owomileyo okanye ukozela.

Antihistamines zihlelwa ngokwamaqela amathathu nendlela ezime ngayo: ethylene diamine, ethanolamines, alkylamines, piperazines, tritsiklidy. Okokuqala, uhlobo lwesibini kwezinto zamachiza ebangela ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga uphawu - ukozela, nto leyo enciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo noko. Ukuze yoyiswe le ethile sele ziphuhlisiwe alkylamines. Zisetyenziswa kuba bhetele kwizigulo of njengomkhuhlane: amehlo alilayo, uthimla, impumlo esihambisayo. Injongo ukusetyenziswa piperazines ifuthe icandelo lobuchopho onoxanduva iimvakalelo yokugula motion, vertigo, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha. Antihistamines ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo - tritsiklidy. Zisetyenziswa ukunyanga toxicosis, ukuvelisa umthomalalisi. Zonke ezi amaqela mithi yezonyango adityaniswa izicwangciso sizukulwana sokuqala.

Namhlanje yabamba isixa esikhulu abantu balinge kunye nokuvavanywa amayeza. Ngokusekelwe izinto zabo ezimbini isizukulwana antihistamine esitsha noHlahlolwabiwo. Ahluke iikhemikhali ukubunjwa kunye nemali yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. iziyobisi antihistamine sizukulwana wesithathu benza kuphela amalungu wetekeni, musa kuchaphazela ezinye iinkqubo zomzimba. zaye ke zenzelwe ukunyanga isifo i-Alzheimer.

Indlela yokusebenza ye-arhente amayeza eli qela kuxhomekeke ukubana kweenkqubo zeethishu histamine, uvimba cell receptors amadlala kunye nokuqaqamba egudileyo. Oku kudala sisithintelo ukuvela kweempawu of uyaliwa. Amayeza agents ilifa ngempumelelo enkulu kwimeko reception rhoqo.

Antihistamines contraindicated ukuba uvakalelo kuqiniswa ukuze izinto zabo esebenzayo. imiphumela kwalo waphawula kwiimeko ulwamkelo kunye monooksidazy inhibitors. Izigulane glaucoma nabongi oomama kwakhona kokungafunekiyo ukusebenzisa la machiza (phambi kokuba ukusela kunyanzelekile ukuba udibane nogqirha). Okwangoku kuphuhliswa antihistamines kwiimveku, leyo efana kumafa ukuya arhente wesithathu-ngezizukulwana. Bona zinokubanga iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kwaye aluchaphazeli iinkqubo pathways umzimba.

Imixube inani antihistamine ekuveliseni uhlobo engamanzi, amacwecwe, njengezingxobo. reception frequency kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi uhlobo kunye neempawu.

izinto zamachiza ayikwazi zidityaniswe kunye nezenzi abe okulalisa, njengoko ukwandisa kakhulu. La machiza ziquka uxinezeleko. Ayikhuthazwa ukudibanisa antihistamines inhibitors monooksidazy, fazelina sulfate, tranitsiltsipromilom.

iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ethile engekho mthethweni kweli qela ziquka umlomo owomileyo, ukozela, ukugcinwa wokuchama, ilahleko acuity olubonakalayo.