Amazwi "Yeha ukusuka Wit". Aphoristic comedy A. S. Griboedova

"Yeha evela Wit" - enye elaziwa kakhulu yaye ezininzi ezibonisiweyo imisebenzi iincwadi Russian. On kulo inqwaba amanqaku kunye monographs ezibhaliweyo, wenze isixa esikhulu yimveliso.

"Abafi" aphorisms

Nangona kunjalo, lo siprofeto sazaliseka I. A. Goncharova oluvakaliswe ezinesiqingatha leminyaka eyadlulayo: "Yeha evela Wit", isishwankathelo eyaziwa kakuhle, mhlawumbi, nawuphi na ummi Russia, ndamelana kuphela uvavanyo ban, kodwa kwakhona uvavanyo lodumo. Xa kungekho umlinganiselo omncinane negalelo ibinzana aphoristic kunye nokuchaneka. Amazwi "Yeha ukusuka Wit" baye babe yinxalenye yenkcubeko Russian. Eneneni, ngaphambi kokuba Goncharova esinengqiqo Pushkin wathi "isiqingatha vesi kufuneka bangene umzekeliso," libhekisela indlela emangalisayo aphoristic of comedy.

Eneneni, okubhaliweyo lomdlalo ngokoqobo "baphuke 'ukuba quote. AmaRashiya amaninzi ngoku sebenzisa aphorisms Griboyedov, nokuba bengazi nto. Kubonakala ngathi, ekho- emazwini Russian of "Yeha evela Wit" like "iiyure Akukuvuyisi ukwazi ukuba ukubukela" okanye "ligorha inoveli wam." Uluhlu eqhubekile. Ukongeza, kwaye kanye ibinzana elithi "Yeha ukusuka Wit" - uphawu elifutshane kunye novakalelo iingxaki zengqondo womntu. aphorisms ekhanya ngendlela comedy kakhulu kangangokuba kudala inkohliso of ndandifeketha na. Kwaye kubonakala ukuba "Yeha ukusuka Wit" Griboyedov wabhala enye ukuphefumla, xa ukudubuleka iphefumlelwe.

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Kwaye namhlanje kubonakala nqa ukuba Griboyedov akwazi angathandabuzi isihloko, Ndathatha kwaye bahlaba amagama abalinganiswa, kwaye kanye ingcamango mveliso yayahluke ngokuphawulekayo kubantu ukhetho zethu njengesiqhelo.

Ngelo xesha, yonke into nje. Komxholo othi "ingqondo ububi" ngomnye yintandane kule drama phesheya XVIII-XIX eminyaka. Okokuqala, kwaba iyintsobi comedy satirical French. Kwaba in comedy French Griboyedov bafunda koomofu aphoristic. Kodwa nantsi into: injongo wesikizi kwezi zikwenza kubonakale ngathi zaba na uluntu, kodwa exposer, abathatha phezu kwakhe mission ngokuthandabuzekayo umgwebi nomprofeti. Imbeko kulo isithethe waza wanika Griboyedov. Xa comedy "Student" hero kwakhona ubhenca nkampani, kunye monologues zakhe ezihlaba embhoxo intetho ngumsindo Chatsky, kodwa athi ukuphucuka zahlukile ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye nje ukuba amazwi 'Yeha evela Wit "ngokuchane ngakumbi yaye ngempumelelo. Yonke le nto endaweni yombhali. Ukuba 'bafundi' ukuba yimbangi uvelwano kuyacaca ecaleni uTshawe, kwi comedy "Yeha ukusuka Wit" Griboyedov libhekisela uTshawe kunzima kakhulu ngakumbi. Le nyaniso azithathelwa ngqalelo. ukugxeka Soviet kwemibhalo ngokufuthi umva icala underestimating kwifani Chatsky hero. "Yeha evela Wit" kutolikwa ngendlela yokuba Chatsky yaba ingundaba ngezimvo lombhali. Kodwa akunjalo. ubomi Wise kunye namava ozakuzo nombhali comedy "Yeha ukusuka Wit" mfundiso nto leyo ukwakhiwa njenge "inkonzo smart ukuya iLizwe loobawo", bazi kakuhle livuselela iinkumbulo kuphela uvelwano ngokwentshukumisa ngokunyanisekileyo Chatsky, kodwa iingozi ezinokubakho ezayanyaniswa bokubanga le kuphika lilonke yonke into. Umbhali, Kakade, kunomtsalane kwisikhundla "wayeza kuba yexhama iyazala endle kugulisa nemihlali", nto leyo eye yaba yokulwa (ukuba weva, ngasendleleni, yi umqambi Aleksandra Alyabeva), kodwa hayi zonke Chatsky kufuphi Griboyedov.

Chatsky and aphorisms

Kuqala kwinto zonke, uTshawe ayikho ngokwanele biko, ngengqiqo - ebudaleni. Hayi kwazenzekela esaqulunqwa Chatsky kuluhlu "Chad". Kwaye, kakade, kungekuphela libhekisela ngu- Chaadaev. Griboyedov umdla kunye nemibutho kunye ingcambu ngokwalo "abantwana" - apha kwaye "umntwana", oko kukuthi umntwana, yaye lowo kwi "daze" - oko kukuthi, atyhaphazwe amehlo, akakwazi ukucinga kakuhle. Kamva, AS Griboyedov wathamba "elubala 'ngamagama hero; kodwa bakholwa ngokufanelekileyo iindlebe enako, makeve.

amagama ubhalo Aphoristic

amacebo ezinjalo, Kakade, hayi ngengozi, ukuba sihlale sikhumbula ukuba comedy sabhalwa "ekwahlukaneni kweendlela, 'ndlela ezininzi, ezifana Classicism kunye yiEnlightenment ngokoqobo. Ngokwesithethe ezi ndawo, ingakumbi classical, amagama abalinganiswa baye "wawu" indalo, ukuba eziqulathwe uphawu.

"Yeha evela Wit" lulandelayo eli siko. Inkcazelo emfutshane ye abadlali ibonisa ukuba amagama phantse yonke abalinganiswa ngendlela enye okanye omnye zinxulumene ukuya semantics incoko: FAMUSOV (omnye lowo bathi), Skalozub (Grīns, kodwa ayithethi nto), MOLCHALIN (umntu cwaka), REPETILOV (lowo unako kuphela ukuphinda), njl Isiphumo umfanekiso zoluntu olungevayo, zibe nazivayo, zona akunanto bathi, uluntu apho "isono Akukhathaliseki, lo udaba akulunganga." Ngenxa yoko, amabinzana ezithandwayo "Yeha evela Wit" ukuba zincediswe kwenye - "Kukho into lithemba ezayo!"

Amazwi heroes

Kulo mxholo, nje kwenzeka igama engundoqo hero comedy - Chatsky. "Yeha evela Wit" luqala yokuba uTshawe odlula ukuba amazwi angry phantse wonke umntu, kodwa ke isiphumo ekulweni kukupheliswa bayifumane. Le Iqhawe obonisa kakhulu nangokweemvakalelo, ukumela nayiphi na ingozi ehlabathini Famusovs.

Nosaziwayo baba amazwi ezinamaphiko Chatsky, wathetha kokubini ngokwayo yaye kwi Nozipho ( "Banoyolo abo bakholwayo, - ebilandelwa ehlabathini"), ntlokoma krakra sebali. Chatsky wadana, bathotywe, ungcatshiwe. Yena unetyala nto ukungqina kwaye kungekho namnye waneliseka. Inye kuphela zikukhathazayo Famusov - kukuthi, "Owu! Owu, Thixo wam! Yintoni eya kuthi Princess Mary Aleksevna "!

isihloko aphoristic

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ezininzi kwinguqulelo yokuqala comedy yaba igama elahlukileyo kancinane, kokukhona swi umfundi ufakelo yombhali, "Yeha ingqondo." Nangona kunjalo, ukutshintsha igama Griboyedov. Ibiya kuthetha ukuba umahluko yinto encinane, kodwa enyanisweni likhulu. "Yeha ingqondo" - yinto ebuhlungu umntu onengqondo kuluntu apho kunabanye ababona smart kangaka. Kwaye play Griboyedov kwesi ingoma, Kakade ke, ekhoyo.

Kodwa "Yeha evela Wit" - igama ingqiqo ebanzi, kuba, mhlawumbi, yaba esithandwayo. Society yahlulahlulwe yobuhlungu kwaye ezingenangqondo ukuba ukuvela "ingqondo" kuba yintlekele hayi kuphela "medium of ingqondo", kodwa wonke umntu ongomnye. Ukuvela Chatsky wabandezeleka yonke FAMUSOV (ikhathazekile kwihlazo), Nozipho (yena ufelwe ngumntu omthandayo nokholo nothando), MOLCHALIN (yena ulahlekelwa injalo umsebenzi), yena Chatsky. "Yeha evela Wit" lwakhelwe imangalisayo: ingqondo, ekufuneka kuthwala indalo, izisa kuphela intshabalalo. Ngubani na ke ukuba ityala: nokuba uluntu kuphela okanye "ingqondo ububi" Chatsky - umfundi nombonisi kufuneka isigqibo ngokwayo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba izandi ezizizo ngonaphakade, mhlawumbi yeyona edumileyo Chatsky Umbuzo-buciko: "Ungubani na abagwebi"