Amaphulo angaphandle yomkhosi Russian

Emva kokoyiswa kwimfazwe izenzo uNapoleon umkhosi zazijoliswe kwi ukugxothwa isiFrentshi kumazwe eNtshona Yurophu. Ngoko ke waqalisa amaphulo angaphandle yomkhosi Russian. 1812 yaba sisiqalo intshukumo yasemkhosini. Nangona kokoyiswa, amajoni uNapoleon basemi bebomelele ngokwaneleyo.

amaphulo angaphandle yomkhosi Russian ngo-1813 ukuba ukucima ukusuka kummandla French of Poland kunye Vistula. Ke wayalela imikhosi Russian, Marshal Kutuzov. Xa iphulo phesheya yomkhosi Russian Kutuzov Kalisz sasayinwa kwisivumelwano manyano Russian-Prussia nxamnye uNapoleon. Esi sivumelwano kwaphawula ukuqala mdibaniso yesithandathu nxamnye isiFrentshi. Le manyano ixhaswa amazwe aseYurophu, owenza kumzabalazo wokulwa kwidyokhwe uNapoleon.

amaphulo angaphandle yomkhosi Russian ngokudibene ne imikhosi Prussia yaqala kuka March. E eJamani, ngokubanzi zenzeka yabanqolobi intshukumo kwi Ezomva isiFrentshi. imikhosi Russian abantu basekuhlaleni wasamkela njengoko abakhululi. Phakathi-Epreli ka nyaka (1813), uNapoleon lugxile abantu malunga 200 namawaka nxamnye amajoni Russian-Prussia-mali ka malunga 92 amawaka. Ngelo xesha, imikhosi Russian umthetho yi Wittgenstein (emva kokufa Kutuzov), emva kokuba ubunkokeli umkhosi kwabatyhutyha Barclay de Tolly.

Sizana (Russia ne-Prussia) boyiswa ekuqaleni ngo-Aprili 20, kwi Lutzen, Meyi 8-9, emva koko kwi Bautzen. amaphulo angaphandle yomkhosi Russian yaphela xa ungena le ukuxolelana (23 May). Wawuqala de-29 Julayi.

Kuthethathethwano uNapoleon wenza njengekhonco i Austria. Noko ke, bona aziphumelelanga. Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente waseOstriya neFransi yahlukana bonke ubuhlobo. UNapoleon ngani Sweden, ezinxulumene norhulumente Russian ngo-1812 ikhontrakthi. Ne-Russia and Prussia wenza kwindibano United Kingdom, ukuze abenzele mali. izivumelwano Teplice (1813, Septemba 28) kwasayinwa phakathi Amanyeneyo kunye Austria, kungekudala kwangenelela ne-Union kunye United Kingdom.

Ngoko, kwakukho malunga 492.000 ngabantu kweli phulo elandelayo phesheya yomkhosi Russian yomkhosi encedisayo (Russian 173,000). Bonke bephela sasimanyene ngamabutho ezintathu. amajoni Malunga 237 lamawaka wangena umkhosi Bohemian. Uthi umthetho Austria Marshal Schwarzenberg. abantu abamalunga ne-100 lamawaka Obumbe Silesian Army Blücher (Marshal of Prussia). kweza abantu abangaphezu amawaka 150 nakuMntla Army, babeyalwa ngako ngu Bernadotte (Swedish Crown Prince). To Hamburg sakhethwa umzimba eyahlukileyo, ebandakanya 30 amawaka abantu.

Ngelo xesha umkhosi uNapoleon ngokuba namajoni angama-amajoni 440.000. Ingxenye esemqoka imikhosi yayo wamajoni elise Saxony.

Agasti 1813 kwaphawula counter uxambuliswano yomkhosi encedisayo. umkhosi Bohemian we-14 nowe-15 Agasti woyiswa ekulweni (Dresden imfazwe) kunye nemikhosi eziyintloko isiFrentshi. amajoni UNapoleon zaye uzama ukulandela regiments woyiswa, kodwa rearguard Russian yaphosa utshaba kweli dabi Kulm (17-18 Agasti). amajoni French phantsi umyalelo Macdonald yisiwe wayesilwa umkhosi naseSlovakia Northern Army oyisiwe amajoni Oudinot.

Le kokoyiswa yomkhosi uNapoleon avukele emva kokuba lenguqu ukuya Allied avanyisa jikelele. Le mfazwe (Leipzig) wathabathela yesine ukuya wesixhenxe ka-Oktobha ngo-1813.

Intsalela ye-French amajoni waya ngaphesheya iRhine. E Hamburg, oko engqongwe Davout.

Ngenxa yoko wemikhosi amanyathelo zomkhosi odityanisiweyo ngempumelelo umfela ndawonye uNapoleon kwanyanzeleka ukuba bashiye Denmark zisayinwa UK kunye Sweden, le izivumelwano uxolo ngo-1814. Ukongeza, Denmark kunyanzelekile ukuba bazibandakanye wayesilwa isiFrentshi.

Okulandelayo, umkhosi uNapoleon kaThixo wagxothwa eNetherlands. Enye iziphumo ezibalulekileyo amaphulo amaninzi 1813 yaba ukukhululwa iJamani French bahlaseli.