Amafama Possessional kunye nembali kushishino Russian

Le yokusebenza esisiseko kunye nokusekwa naliphi na ilizwe - abantu, abemi abahlala kuyo. Akukho rhulumente uyakwazi phakamisa uqoqosho, ukuba urhulumente kuyo nayiphi na imida ezibalulekileyo, ukuba akukho inani elaneleyo labasebenzi kunye ziingcali. Abo bema eqeqesha karhulumente Russian, kuhle ukuqonda. Ngenxa yokuba ukususela ngexesha Yaroslava Mudrogo ke abathetheli Russian, kunye kwiikumkani kamva, abalawuli, radeyuschie oyinyaniso igunya, wazama kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukwenza izifundo zabo. Ingakumbi baphumelela kule nkalo, Potr Veliky.

Ukuba nje kuphela wenguquko enkulu eRashiya, ukuze umhlaba Russian ngokulima ezininzi amasiko nezithethe West, uPetros wenze okuninzi yokusekwa nophuhliso loshishino lwesizwe. Ukususela emahlathini oxineneyo eli lizwe wenze kukodwa kwihlabathi yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa. Noko ke, uPetros enye, nayo yonke uphawu lwentando yesininzi, ibe omnye wemisebenzi enzima yabalawuli wobukhosi. Yiloo xa kwabonakala olu hlobo serfdom njengoko abalimi sathathwa kunye nelungelo possessional, ke, ngoko wayibiza ngokuba kancinci oko.

Xa uPetros iye uphuhliso elikhutheleyo Urals kunye eSiberia kunye neminye imimandla eRashiya, ezibalulekileyo ngokoqoqosho. Ezakhelwe mveliso, iifektri, abanikazi - imvelaphi abantu nedvoryanskyh. It abarhwebi, abameli ezinye iiklasi abaye bakwazi ukwenza ubutyebi waza waqalisa ukutyala imali yabo ekuphuhliseni shishino.

amazwe ezintsha kufuneka ngcu kwizityalo phantsi kolwakhiwo - umsebenzi. Kakade ke, wonke umsebenzi onikwe ebantwini. Noko ke, abanini mashishini nako ukuthenga nabalimi - kwaba ilungelo yezikhulu. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uphuhliso lomhlaba kunye nokwandisa abasebenzi mveliso izandla, uPetros zobumnini amakhulu kumafama phantsi ukwakhiwa kunye namashishini asele ekhona.

Ngenxa yoko, okubangelwa abalimi - le nkcazelo, njengoko apho urhulumente ekuthiwa njalo-, inkundla, abalimi kwezoqoqosho, endaweni yokuhlawula irhafu uhlolisiso ukusebenza ngomhla lweshishini yabucala okanye urhulumente-owned. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa abalimi ukuya emsebenzini ngaphandle ecacisa xesha, oko kukuthi, ngonaphakade. Yaba uhlobo uhlobo olunye serfdom. Xa ifomu ke impahla karhulumente. Enyanisweni, ukuba baxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo phezu abenzi. nakwizibetho zabo kwakungekho ngaphezu bayahlelwa inqaba kwi umnini-mhlaba.

Sele kwikota yokuqala ka abalimi ngenkulungwane ye-19 bathi yabizwa ngokuba ngaphandle kwami, kwaye ke zibandakanywa abalimi ekuthiwa-possessional. Eli gama abayifumanayo emva iinkampani abafumana izibonelelo imali evela kurhulumente, nabizelwa ukulawula.

Ngenxa yoko, abalimi possessional - abantu ngaphandle umhlaba Okuqhotyoshelwe ukusebenza kwi manufactories. Abantu bacinga into efana izixhobo mveliso, uluhlu, ngabam igama kwishishini, hayi umniniyo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba uthengise okanye ukurhweba abalimi abasebenza kwinkampani, kanye njengoko yenza abaqeshisi, abanini manufactories abakwazanga.

Amafama bathenga nemizana yonke, izityalo kunye neefektri ezingqongileyo. Ezifana abalimi eyadala possessional oxhomekeke kuwe, ndakubona, ukuba unesinye ubuchule, ukufunda mveliso. imithetho ezizodwa zikarhulumente ngokubeka lonke nezo ubudlelwane phakathi yabanini mveliso kunye amakhoboka zabo.

Ewe, abalimi possessional ubunzima intlondi nobundlobongela, ingcinezelo yokusebenza hayi ngaphantsi kwe kunoogxa babo emaphandleni. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wezandla abantu babalekile abanini-mveliso. Kwiindawo ngokuqukunjelwa yesondo okanye possessional iziphithiphithi yamahlwempu imfazwe kunye axhobe imvukelo. Ngokomzekelo, xa pugachovskom intshukumo inxaxheba a lot of mveliso esigama.

Le nokungabi namandla abalimi possessional ahlala de 1840s. Kunjalo ithuba baqala isiqabu. Emthethweni ekhethekileyo wamashumi sinokukukhulula abasebenzi ezisuka kwezinye iinkampani, ngokuxhomekeke nonyaka, ukuba samkelwe. Emva koko, kunye nokupheliswa kwe serfdom, abantu abasebenza got inkululeko. Noko ke, de-1917 amafama possessional kwezinye iingingqi yoBukhosi baseRashiya baba nasentanjeni yentswela efanayo.