Alt - yintoni na le nto?

Alto - luhlobo nje kuphela ilizwi operatic, kodwa kananjalo zomculo ezineentambo isixhobo waqubuda. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha zombini iintsingiselo ilizwi.

isixhobo somculo

Purple - a isixhobo somculo, kukho uhlobo kunye isixhobo efana violin, kodwa eyahlukileyo kulo ubukhulu enkulu. Kungenxa ubukhulu Purple yakhe izandi asezantsi kakhulu kunokuba violin.

Kangangexesha elide eli isixhobo wabelwa indima ezincinane kakhulu okhestra, ekubeni yayiyimini yenzelwe ukusebenza kuphela lweevoti umlinganiselo ukuba azizange zisetyenziswe abaqambi ezithandwayo.

ukuvela

Njengokuba ezininzi ivayolin izixhobo, a Purple kwavela kwiinkulungwane 15-16. ESoviet theoretician zomculo Struve wayekholelwa ukuba eliphuma bomtya usapho lonke ezineentambo kwaye kuqala wajoyina iokhestra kwisiqingatha 2 kwenkulungwane ye-16. Ngeli xesha, indawo akhokelayo phakathi emnandi amazwi kuqhutywa Purple eliphezulu. Kwakhona Purple wayesondele esi sixhobo xa isandi nobukhulu, yaye iye yaba yenye yezizathu ezenze ukuba lingene i iokhestra nje ilizwi eliphakathi, ukuhlanganisa ngobunye oluphezulu. Ngoko Alto waba uhlobo ibhulorho phakathi ubuqaqawuli ebunayo usapho semirhubhe kunye nesiqalo nokufika izixhobo violin.

History of uphuhliso

Ngoko ke, Purple sele kudala bahlala indawo amazwi ngaphantsi kwi-okhestra. Nantsi ke imbangi yokuba iimvumi nabo babebonisa ukungabi kwi sixhobo. Ingakumbi ukudlala Purple ukuyifunda, kunye violinists orchestra abadlali Purple baba bayivume abo bangakwazanga ngokwenene ukudlala nayiphi na into, nasiphi na isixhobo. Oku kwenyusa kuphela imeko, ukuqinisekisile imbono wayengandithembi yaye sukumjongela ye abaqambi viola.

Nangona kunjalo, zonke ezi zikhalazo abo obungasifanelanga ngokupheleleyo. Isixhobo ngaba inobunzima elikhulu kunene, kufuneka umntu kuphela owayeza kuba nako ukuzibona kwaye wayengoyiki ukuba bammise phambi kuluntu. Baba Meyul Etienne (1763-1817), owabhala opera Uthal, apho Party eziphambili kunye umtya aphezulu wanikwa Alto.

Ngowe-1834, i fan enkulu kunye Connoisseur isixhobo underrated Hector Berlioz wadala lomculo obizwa "Harold e Italy", apho iqela engundoqo waya Alta. Ngokutsho legend, Berlioz wayenethemba lokuba xa iphambili umdlalo wakhe Paganini, kodwa oku ivimbelwa ukufa mvumi.

Wenza unpopularity

Alt (bona isixhobo ifoto. Kwinqaku), nto leyo umi phakathi yomculo kunye cello, eyithanda ngakumbi wangaphambili. Ukongezelela kulwakhiwo efanayo kunye nendlela ekudlaleni, ezi zixhobo kukho kwakhona imitya ezintathu ekuhlaleni kanye ngokufanayo ngesandi. Noko ke, kwiinkulungwane 17-18 oko kuqinisekiswa imbono yokuba Purple izandi nasally belusizi. Kutheni na yahluke gqitha ukusuka 'udade' yakhe emnandi kwaye inemibalabala?

Inyaniso kukuba izixhobo zakhelwe ngokuthobela yonke imimiselo nemigangatho ngaloo minyaka okhestra, ekungasetyenzwanga msebenzi ngazo njengoko iyivume iimvumi yokuzithenga udlale nabo. Ngoko ke, abenzi ivayolin kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba balungise izixhobo kwi amagcisa, abangazange bafune ukwenza nawuphi na umzamo uyoyiswa esitsha isakhono imidlalo. Ngoko ke wazalwa le Indiana Alto, leyo, nangona ubugqwetha yayo, kwaye iye yenziwa kuphela iimvumi, kodwa ngenxa abaqambi. Kuyinto ebalulekileyo kule nkalo ukuba esi sixhobo iye yawongwa nkqu Paris Conservatory.

Kwaba kuphela-19 - Alto wenene kwenkulungwane yama-20 babuyela band, ekugqibeleni kancinane ikopi yayo ndimbi.

Umlinganiselo abacula

Okumangalisayo kukuba, iimvumi kakhulu odumileyo ezifana Paganini, Malaria, Vieuxtemps, Bonisa, wayekuthanda ukwenza ngendlela Purple abacula kwaye bengenazintloni ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye nkqu Vieuxtemps Purple yenziwa inkosi odumileyo Maggini, apho imvumi wayedlala ngexesha eekonsathi bakhe. Kwaye Alessandro Rolla, utitshala Paganini, eyenziwe krelekrele kakuhle esi sixhobo, nto leyo ekhokelela abaphulaphuli ibe frenzy.

Ngenxa yoko, kuphela iimvumi zobungcali ngempela ukudlala kakuhle kwi Purple kwaye akazange wawubeka ngezantsi nezinye iimpahla violin.

Le Umlinganiselo Abaqambi

Purple - na isixhobo abangafunwayo ukusukela ekuzalweni iokhestra, umlinganiselo apho luyatshintsha nokufika polyphonic umculo Handel kunye Bach. Ezi abaqambi ziye ukulungelelana amalungelo bakhe violin yesibini.

Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kwempembelelo yexabiso isixhobo yesikolo Neapolitan uqalisa iwe kwakhona. Kunye abaqambi baya kokuba ukwandisa amazwi bass. Ayeleleneyo inokufumaneka Haydn, Gluck kunye uMozart phakathi kwamanye amazwe kunye Tchaikovsky kunye Glinka phakathi Abaqambi Russian.

ukufika uBeethoven ukuba umculo nyangweni zebhola ye viola. Isixhobo iye ekugqibeleni uthathe indawo yayo efanelekileyo, ukufumana iivoti ezimbini.

isixhobo string

Purple - umtya isixhobo lumiselwe esesihlanu isahlulo, alithe gangqa ivayolin, kunye ilizwi ngaphezu cello. Uninzi uluhlu upotrebitelny na ilizwi encinane ukuya E kunye ilizwi 3, kodwa kudlalwa kwaye izandi eziphezulu. Aphawule malibhalwe izitshixo treble kunye Alto.

ukudlala

violin Good Bekuya kuba lula ukutshintshela viola. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ubuchule yomdlalo yaye imivumbo kwezi zixhobo ziyafana. Umahluko kuphela - isandi, lingaphantsi ngaphaya kwawo, eqaqambileyo kunye velvety, nkqu samarhanana kancinane.

Ezo besandi ethile - utshitshiseke ubungakanani lomzimba isixhobo, engaquki idibana kunye nokubunjwa kwayo. Ukuba senjenjalo Alto, mayingabi sakhululwa kwambatha emagxeni, kodwa idlalwe ngathi cello.

Indima Purple wedwa le womzobi owenza kunqabile kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le sixhobo yinxalenye umtya okanye okhestra symphony, apho udlala izwi eliphakathi. Kwakhona Alto mfuneko inxalenye quartets umtya kunye ensembles ezahlukeneyo gumbi.

Sesikolweni xa engakanani ngobudala baqale ukufunda ukudlala Purple?

Ukususela ebuntwaneni, musa ukuba violas. Iimvumi Guest zibonisa ukuba ilifa le sixhobo, kufuneka uqale ufunde ukudlala ngayo violin. Alto intshukumo efanayo emva kokugqiba isikolo umculo conservatories kunye nezikolo. Ngokuqhelekileyo iimvumi kunye lokungcangcazela enkulu nokuma enkulu bakhetha le sixhobo.

Alto

Kukho esinye isixhobo somculo, ngokuba Purple (isixhobo photo ubona ngentla), okanye Alto. Yena a sobhedu isixhobo umoya kwalo saxhorn usapho. uluhlu isandi - ukusuka embindini ukuya ilizwi 1 B-flat phezulu. sivakale isandi sayo buthuntu yaye inexpressive, ngoko Alto isetyenziswa kuphela umoya, bands ikakhulu regimental. oko kudla ikhuphe ilizwi avareji.

Alt; izwi

ucingo volume Viola yomntwana ukusukela ilizwi amancinci F ukuba ilizwi we2 ababhinqileyo F ephantsi. Eli lizwi ndenze eliphezulu, apho ngokuqhelekileyo okhokela ingoma ephambili. Amanqaku ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo ngokuqhelekileyo - ityuwa ezincinane ilizwi E wenowuthi we2. Le ikwayara ihlaba iindidi ezimbini Violas: yokuqala neyesibini.

I Alto wokuqala nowesibini

Okokuqala ubungakanani ukusuka A minor ukuya wenowuthi F-2. Ukwehlisa sandi sale band izandi ngaxeshanye buthathaka kwaye soft, kodwa ukufudukela phezulu, ziba bomelele, babe namandla, brilliance kunye nobushushu. amanqaku ezimbini ebomini nokuba kuthiwe shrill kwaye kunzima. Beautiful isandi zonke izandi ukususela 1 st ukuya 2 nd ngelamadoda ilizwi. Phakathi kwale mida, violas aninike shades ezahlukeneyo ukusuka ukuba nokuthantamisa kubantu Forte ipiyano eliqaqambileyo ekhazimla.

Njengoko ilizwi Viola ekuthiwa mezzo-nezendlela. Yena unika wakhe ithowuni matte figure ezichazayo emnandi kunye melodiousness.

Violas sound ilizwi yesibini ngendlela amancinci ukufikelela F 1st ngelamadoda ilizwi. iimpawu zabo - noncwino isandi enkulu, ochaphazela kakhulu lula kunye nokuhamba. Kwakhona, ilizwi ebizwa contralto.