"Alania" - Ipaki kaZwelonke, eRashiya: ifoto kunye nenkcazo

Kweli nqaku, sifuna ukunixelela yindawo entle Ossetia ebizwa "Alania". National Park yasekwa ngo-1998, yaye ukususela neqela lakhe musa kupheza imisebenzi yabo, ukuba izalathiso ezininzi.

History of the Park

"Alania" - epakini yesizwe wadala ukulondoloza izakhiwo ezizodwa bendalo North Ossetia. Ukongeza kwimisebenzi yokusingqongileyo kwi reserve i imisebenzi zemfundo kunye yenzululwazi esebenzayo. Omnye wale misebenzi engundoqo abasebenzi park - kukudala iimeko elungileyo kuphuhliso lokhenketho kule ndawo.

Ukusekwa nepaka yesizwe kulo mmandla yaphakamisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukususela ngamahlanu. Inyathelo lokuqala elithathiweyo ngale ndlela yaba nokucwangciswa reserve yokuqala "Tseyskoe", ibekwe kwindawo piedmont. Kamva, xa besitya kwakhona iifama kuzingela ahlelwa: "Turmon", "Mahchesky", "Saur", "Zmeyskaya Nicholas", "Zamankulsky". Yaye ngowe-1967, i-North Ossetian Reserve (chaza) luye lwaququzelelwa okwangoku.

On imfuneko yokuba umbutho yale paka lwaqhutywa kakhulu eninzi intetho kwizangqa ezahlukeneyo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Yaba kuphela izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ezabelwe lona esatyikitywa ngowe-1998. Ngokutsho kuye: "Alania" - yokulondoloza, leyo waqhuba uphando, imfundo kunye nomsebenzi esingqongileyo. Kwindawo ebekelwe bucala inani elikhulu ngokwaneleyo ezikhumbuzo zenkcubeko nezembali.

indawo

Park National of Russia "Alania" ukwakweli kwithambeka elingasemntla umbindi eCaucasus. Macala konke lingqongwe kummandla nomxokelelwane nasentshonalanga eziphakamileyo. Ungafumana kukho kuphela indlela enye intaba, acandacanda emfuleni mwonyo Ahsinta Urukh River. "Alania" - yokulondoloza, ibekwe kummandla weentaba. Ubude bepali ilizwe lakhe - kwiimitha 1,100 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle ubuninzi kweemitha 4646 (a intaba Uilpata). Le ndawo iyonke ebekelwe bucala 54926 hectares.

South umhlaba park nomda Georgia kwi-Main Caucasus Range, nasentshonalanga - to Kabardino-Balkan nature reserve, isebenza ngapha komda wempuma North Ossetian Reserve.

Ngomhla kummandla "Alania" icwangcisiwe ngokwahlukeneyo bolawulo ukhuselo esekelwe kumlando, yenkcubeko, zendalo, ezoqoqosho kunye nezinye iimpawu. Le paki wohlulwe ezi nkalo zilandelayo: injongo kwezoqoqosho, ukhuseleko, unyango olukhethekileyo, ukhuselo olukhethekileyo kunye nokulondolozwa.

iimeko zemozulu

Kwimimandla ngaphakathi weentaba North Caucasus kukho intaba lwemozulu okhethekileyo. Lubonakala yi ebusika elide obubandayo nehlobo mfutshane cool. Ukongeza, kukho zonation nkqo kunye ezahlukeneyo microclimates. Kukokona kwendawo, inowuthi lobushushu lomoya kunye womoya, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo kwandisa isixa izinga kwezulu. Imozulu of "Alania" ziingcathu yezwekazi. It esilawulwa zemvula entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Spurs emikhulu, anamandla nezitya intermountain, kwakunye radiation elanga nzima kakhulu ke isasazwe ngokubanzi, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ubukho ezahlukeneyo iimeko micro-zemozulu.

Ngokwanda ngomyinge ishumi ekhulwini ngalinye zemitha 1,000 ezindulini radiation.

ukukhululeka

National Park "Alania" (ifoto enikwe kweli nqaku) ukuba nentsimi owahlukeneyo. Iinkqubo umhlaba complex Reserve luqulathe nasentshonalanga, ezo ezahlulwe anamandla ezivaliweyo nakwimifula imilambo intaba, enemithi yene kunye nohlaza herbaceous. Amahlathi abagubungela% 21 kuphela mmandla, kodwa imifuno - malunga ne-75%. Kwi kwintsimi ivelele amaqela amathathu ezintabeni, nto leyo yandisa kakhulu zifana omnye komnye ngokuphathelele ukuya emntla-ntshona ukuya engasezantsi, nakwintshonalanga engasentla.

Xa emazantsi ngingqi lelona liphezulu kuwo - yomlambo engundoqo, uManeki ngokubhekele phaya ngasentla, kwaye emva kwayo - ephakeme enamatye.

reserve umfula

Urukh River lo mfula ephambili yolondolozo. I inkulu nemingenela yawo - Nargidon, Songutidon, Bilyagidon. Imilambo kaninzi bondliwa ezihambayo. Kwi ipaki kukho imilambo ngaphezulu kwe-70 kunye nemisinga. Kodwa Lake Reserve encinane kakhulu, bona imvelaphi glacial. Eyona idumileyo: Mikelay kunye Fastgaskoe.

uhlaza

Yintoni umdla kukuba, "Alania" (National Park)? kuba Inkcazelo reserve hayi ogqityiweyo ukuba akukho abayakuthetha amagama ambalwa malunga kotyani. Kulo mmandla, ebonakala ummandla omkhulu-ukuphakama. Kukho zimelwe kakuhle zonke iintlobo pine ntaba, nemihlaba yeenkuni konwele, nompleyini kunye namahlathi ezinde, beech kunye hornbeam izityalo, kuyabanda kwaye amadlelo subalpine. Ngokubanzi, amahlathi zifikelela phantse sesihlanu ntsimi. Bagubungela phantse zonke kumathambeka. Yaye ezintlanjeni alder yena ukhulisayo. Kumathambeka yomntla amaqela amancinci ikhula amahlathi beech. Kodwa ukusukela ukuba indawo ezinde ende kunye maples. Kumathambeka ezisemazantsi zizele oki kunye amangile.

Ngaphezu kokuba ibhanti hlathi emakriweni subalpine apho kukhula okuziinkozo: Calamagrostis trostnikovidnogo, fescue, uTimoti. Ngokubanzi, izilwanyana yale paka luquka engaphezu kwewaka neentlobo zezityalo ezahlukeneyo. Apha ungafumana malunga 200 iintlobo esingapheliyo eCaucasus, kukho kwakhona ezo zifumaneka kuphela North Ossetia. Xa reserve kukho kuphela ngaphezu kwama-70 iintlobo zemithi. Ke imithana ezintabeni akhule konwele, barberry, sihlahla, wavuka zasendle.

Xa park kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-130 nomngundo, baba phakathi kwawo boletus kakhulu ezininzi, emhlophe, Aspen, russula kunye boletus.

"Alania" (National Park): izilwanyana

Izilwanyana ye reserve yi esisityebi kunene kwaye zahlukene, ngenxa yokuba ubukho nenkangeleko ezahlukeneyo. Le paki lirekhode iintlobo-34 kuphela ezanyisayo, phakathi kwawo umdla inkoliso negogo East-abaseAfrika eehambo. Kodwa emahlathini mixed kuhlala amabhere brown, iihagu zasendle kunye nelinqa. Amarhamncwa incinane bucala zizakujongwa njengo Impungutye marten. Kwakhona ubomi ermine kwi zamatye entlabathi.ame phezu ngamatye. Kumahlathi emanzi avuthulukayo kukho shrews.

Akukho izityebi kangako yaye kwihlabathi neentaka epakini. Xa zizonke, kukho iintlobo 116 zeentaka, phakathi kwabo kukho abameli iintlobo esemantla ukuba ukungena apha ukususela hlathi: bullfinch, crossbill, isikhova, blackbird. Kwakhona kule paki iintaka zezilo baseYurophu, kuthi xhaxhe Central Asia. Loo ezahlukeneyo kweentlobo ngenxa imeko geographical zaseCaucasus. Ulikhaya kwiintaka, kwanabo abeza apha ebudeni bexesha Ice Age kwaye kwasekwa ukususela ngoko intlaninge ohlobo.

Kodwa ezirhubuluzayo azikho wayenza epakini. Apha bona bahlala zonke iintlobo ezintathu.

abasebenzi imisebenzi

abasebenzi Park abandakanyeke nje kuphela kumsebenzi lwenzululwazi, kodwa imfundo, yaye le nkqubo ibandakanya esikolweni, pre-school, aphakamileyo kunye nemfundo eliphezulu kunokwenzeka. Ukuze kuncedwe umsimelelo reserve wadalwa, iqela ntliziyo ukuze kukhuseleke "Alania" National Park, amalungu kunceda ukulungiselela zonke iintlobo iziganeko nemisebenzi ukuba kuqatshelwe ngakumbi abantu kunye nemibutho kwiingxaki mmandla. Nangabasebenzi reserve kukho mngeni kuphela ukulondoloza kunye nokwandisa enezityalo nezilwanyana, kodwa imisebenzi ukuphakamisa ukuqondwa-phakathi kwabantu ngokubanzi.

Ngelishwa, isixa esikhulu kangaka labasebenzi umsebenzi ungenayo imali, ngoko bazama ukulinganisa imikhosi ukunceda amavolontiya.

zemvelo

Kwi ipaki kukho iindawo ezininzi zendalo. Komnye wabo ubalisa Glacier Karagum nolwenzelwa indawo iphela uluhlu Uilpata ngasentla. indawo yayo ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwe-35 square. Uphawu lo glacier yinto yokuba ihla kakuhle ngezantsi umkhenkce ntili yonke abaseAfrika.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Ukutyelela epakini Akuvunyelwe ngqo bangaphandle. Noko ke, ulawulo yamkela izicelo ukhenketho ekhokelwa kuqhutywa kuphela kwindawo ethile. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba park ibekwe kwindawo umda, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ikhuselwe ngokungqongqo nokuba ngokwemiqathango zolawulo umda. Ngokubanzi, kuyimfuneko ukugxininisa ixabiso emangalisayo leyo esuka kwindawo lwembono, "Alania" (National Park) zenzululwazi. Ngokufutshane kwinqaku elifutshane akunakwenzeka ukuba bakuxelele ngayo ihlabathi zizityebi reserve, leyo ngokufanelekileyo ngokuthi perile Ossetia.