"Abo phezulu ayikwazi, musa awufuni iiklasi asezantsi": ingcamango uLenin ngayo revolution

"Abo phezulu nga iiklasi alithe asifuni" - ibinzana ukuba ngowam Lenin, apho yakhethwa imeko ye revolution eluntwini, xa, ngokwembono yakhe, ivuthiwe zonke izimo ezidingekayo ukuze yazibandakanya d'AFP kunye ukubhukuqwa wolawulo elilawulayo. Le thesis yathathwa yi ezihlangwini zakhe, yaye ngamaxesha Soviet, waya kulo lonke zokuncedisa ekufundiseni zenzululwazi zembali kunye nezentlalo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, eli binzana walondoloza, nangona iye yasetyenziswa kwezinye iimeko ngokuphathelele kwimeko ethile kwezentlalo nezopolitiko.

Iimpawu ubudala

Ibinzana elithi "iiklasi ephezulu akakwazi, musa awufuni iiklasi asezantsi" wenziwa yokuqala umsebenzi Lenin "Mayevka sabasebenzi revolution" ngo-1913. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, uBukhosi Russian waba kwisigxina esinzima. Kwelinye icala, wayesiya kwixesha koqoqosho, ukwandiswa mveliso, yaye kunyaka wathi, uphakathi ophambili amagunya ihlabathi kwimveliso mveliso. Noko ke, isikhundla sayo ngamazwe kwaba nzima kakhulu ngenxa yokusilela kwemfazwe Russian-Japanese apho ilizwe lethu liye ayiphumelelanga kwaye walahlekelwa yinxalenye Sakhalin Island, nto leyo eyabangela ukunganeliseki yoluntu. Ngoko ke, igama elithi "iiklasi ephezulu awukwazi, abafuni abakumgangatho ophantsi," Lenin, mhlawumbi wayefuna ukubonisa imeko kwi kuluntu kwaye kwizangqa aphezulu bamandla.

ukufundisa

Amagama ngasentla ngokusondeleyo kunye nophuhliso ingcamango zabo imeko ye revolution. Phantsi amalungiselelo alo, utshintsho kunokwenzeka kuphela kwezi meko zintathu zilandelayo: xa abasemagunyeni, urhulumente akanako ukulawula inkqubo endala, uluntu sikwimo odandathekileyo yaye akusayi linqwenela uxolelane imeko yakhe, yaye ekugqibeleni, xa abantu bakwazi ukuhlela enze zehle nxamnye nenkqubo ekhoyo. Ingcamango yokuba "iiklasi ephezulu awukwazi, musa awufuni iiklasi asezantsi", oluvakaliswe umbhali kwimeko iingxoxo malunga imeko ye revolution kumsebenzi omnye kaThixo, othi "Ukuwa II International" (1915). Eli yaba lixesha elinzima kwimbali yelizwe lethu, inxaxheba kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukuqhubela phambili imeko yentlalo yezopolitiko kunye nokukhula nenkcaso abavakalelwa ngayo.

Kubunzima

ULenin kwakhona ukwakhiwa ingcamango ukuba revolution kuyimfuneko ukwenza ingxaki urhulumente kakhulu yaye unzulu. Ngeli xesha, ngokwembono yakhe, inyambalala kufuneka kuququzelelwa iqela revolution ezaziza phezu nenkokheli intshukumo. Ngokutsho kwakhe, lo efunekayo ayinyani kubalulekile ubhedu ngempumelelo.

yimeko yezoqoqosho

ULenin wayekholelwa ukuba ndlela ngaphandle ntlekele wayefanele ukuba ibe revolution yongxowankulu-lwentando yesininzi. "... kwamagumbi, ndee andifuni" - ibinzana ingohlobo zixinaniswe uvakalisa ingqiqo ezisisiseko iimfundiso zakhe. Noko ke, wayekholelwa ukuba isizathu sokuba yonke le imvelaphi enzulu zentlalo-qoqosho, kusekelwe sisiseko kwimveliso. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, Lenin, xa eziliqela imisebenzi yakhe, ngokukodwa kwincwadi yakhe "The Development of capitalism Russia", lathi ilizwe lethu liye ekugqibeleni kwasekwa imo yobungxowankulu kwimveliso. Ngokutsho kwakhe, urhulumente uye wangena nqanaba liphezulu yongxowankulu - impiriyali ukuba uthi uLenin wahamba, malunga imfuneko revolution. Kweli phepha, oko zahlalutywa ngokweenkcukacha kwimarike lwangaphakathi, ukwahlulwa yabasebenzi kunye yorhwebo lwemveliso, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekugqibeleni ukuba ongxowankulu. Imeko ekhoyo, ezizezi umbhodamo karhulumente ukudinwa abantu ngenxa yokuba ukusebenza kwayo, iye yakhokelela ekubeni "iiklasi ephezulu akakwazi, kwaye iiklasi asezantsi akufuni 'ukubeka up kunye status quo. Kule meko yokugqibela, umbhali wabona ndawo enkulu ithuba ubhedu.

Ekuthelekisweni kunye nezinye iimfundiso

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uLenin ezi zimvo ngexesha eRashiya ekho kunye nezinye ulwalathiso kwezentlalo nezopolitiko, okanye ngenxa kuphuhliso lwelizwe lethu. Umzekelo, i-Narodniks wathi ubungxowankulu akuyomfuneko ukuba uqoqosho ubukhosi, yaye sasithetha malunga iingenelo imveliso abasakhasayo. Lenin, ngokuchasene noko, ababesithi ubungxowankulu kunqandwa, ukuba ngokwemvelo bavela yemveliso yorhwebo, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, wesuka le kwicandelo loluntu yabasebenzi. Kwakhona wathatha ngokupheleleyo imfundiso abangabaxhasi bakaMarx kwingxelo noqoqosho, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba xa kuthe kwakho imbambano phakathi kwemikhosi nemveliso kunye nobudlelwane nemveliso phambili imiqathango ye revolution. Yiyo le mbono udlulisele ngokufutshane amazwi athi "iiklasi ephezulu awukwazi, musa ufuna iiklasi asezantsi."

ULenin wayefuna ukungqina ukuba iRussia babebuvuthelwe imeko ye revolution, nokuba revolution kunokwenzeka phantsi kwephiko yamaBolshevik Party. Le mfundiso Kamva ezaziwayo ligosa nazibona esikolweni, izifundo eyunivesithi.