"Zombona" (An-2): isantya injini neefoto

Akukho loo mntu ngubani na siyazi loo moya yaye nethandwayo impumelelo yakhe. Kweli nqaku siza kuxubusha kancinane ngembali yaso, iimpawu isixhobo kunye nesicelo. "Umbona" (An-2) waxhathisa kunye biplane iphiko moya zothutho ukukhanya. "I-esile", "ithole", esile - igama layo phezu ifundwe NATO. Nakule wonke moya yehlabathi An-24 i-injini enye biplane enkulu. Oku kwatshintsha kuphela emva kokuvela zokuguqulwa zayo - An-3. Lo moya ngaba inobunzima kweemoto mnye Shvetsov eziliwaka enjini. Weight at isuka - 5250 kg.

A incinane

Ingcamango kokudala lo matshini yasekwa ngo-1940 ngu O. K. Antonovym. Siye kwakufuneka moya emininzi, ukukhanya, namandla ka enye ukuya kwenye kunye neetoni olunesiqingatha ukulungiselela ukusetyenziswa kwezolimo, moya zothutho emkhosini, kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni eSoviet Union, akwazi ukuthatha angabikho sites ezincinane kungekho ngxaki. Emva kokuba imfazwe, ngenxa yoko ukubaluleka nokusekwa umatshini zezolimo ezimileyo ezifana eye kungena kwisiqalo. Kodwa kufikelela kummandla wenkululeko kunye nokubuyiselwa loqoqosho lwesizwe, lo mbuzo kwezoqoqosho kwakhona weza phakathi ephambili. "Umbona" (An-2), eziqulunqwe OKB-153 isemoyeni kwaye moya yokuqala ngo-1947, ngo-Agasti 31, Volodinym P. N. - a pilot test. Igama layo athandwayo avela kwi Po-2. Kunye nezinye impumelelo kunye neerekhodi, AN-2 - moya kuphela ehlabathini avelisa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-60. Kungoku nje, kuya kwenziwa China. Ngelo efanayo kakhulu eSoviet Union kugqitywa imveliso yayo uthotho ngo-1960, wakha phezu 5000 biplane. Emva koko, lo mba waqhubeka phantsi mvume ePoland kunye neTshayina. Lokuqala - 12 000 iimoto ukususela kowe-1957 ukuya 1992, le yesibini - 950 ngexesha elifanayo. 10.440 zasiwa USSR, uze - kule ico. , usinde Wethu "zombona" - moya, photo ungabona - athunyelwa kumazwe-26.

Ukusebenza AN-2

Lo moya wenziwa utyando eSoviet Union kwiindawo ezininzi. kakuhle kakhulu - kwimigca phezulu of ubukhulu encinane injongo ekuthutheni iimpahla nabantu. "Corncob" Kwakhona (AN-2) ithotyelwe, njengoko izicwangciso, imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwezoqoqosho, kuquka umsebenzi imichiza emoyeni. Wathabatha bevela In-2 ukuzilolonga amasimi ingqolowa. It is a operation elula kakhulu, biplane elungele ukusebenza namadlelo ezincinane olungalungiselelwanga zomhlaba, kuba iye mileage phantsi isuka. An-2 buyafuneka kwiindawo ngokwaneleyo of Central Asia, eSiberia kunye Far North, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa yonke kunye. Russian Ministry of Transport ngo-2012, yabhengeza ukuqaliswa ngo-2015 ngenxa yotshintsho ngokunzulu malunga 800 kwezahlulo moya phambi kwethu, apho ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo navigation lomoya kunye iinjini ziya kuveliswa.

Ukulungisa i "zombona"

"Zombona" - AN-2 - wehlelwa zokuguqulwa. Nazi ezinye zazo:

1. An-2m - moya Single maxesha lwezolimo.
2. En-2nn - emlilweni, iliso, gear edadayo kokwehla.
3. En-2SKH - abangekho yezolimo.
4. En-2C - sanitary.
5. En-2-TP - Passenger yezithuthi.
6. An-2T - ezothutho.
7. En-2TD - ezothutho emanzini.
8. An-2F - moya ukuze ufoto lwasemoyeni. Nge yalawa aqhelekileyo kunye fuselage, uguqulelo yoluntu.
9. An-2F - ubusuku zokudubula kwesimo kunye photo sokuhlola. Kuye ogciniweyo icandelo nomsila kunye isiqu ezimbini. Bexhotyiswe - UBT umpu umatshini okanye umpu oluzenzekelayo NS-23. pilot test moya yokuqala Pashkevich wenziwa ngo-Apreli 1949. Hayi ezenzelwe ukuthengiswa.
10. An-2 ngokuba "sniffer" ngo-1960 lwaqhutywa kunye bese umatshini elikabini nompu uqoqo ukuba ganga ngoku utshaba iibhaloni sokuhlola.
11. AN-3 - moya kunye HPT-20 - turboprop.
12. AN-4 - amanzi, kunye isisu semoto zokudada.
13. AN-6 - sounder umoya, kwesimo sezulu, ukuba zikhangeleke kwi isiseko kukho elorini olongezelelweyo.

A izibakala ezimbalwa umdla

Biplane luphawulwa ende, efunde izinto ezininzi ezinomdla kwimbali yawo. Nazi ezinye iinyani:

1. Lo moya imodeli yokuqala, U-2 zokuqala yeza ngoJanuwari 7, 1928. It wadalwa phantsi kolwalathiso Polikarpova Nikolaya.
2. ESoviet Union kwi-pilot U-2 baqeqeshwa. Ngenxa kuye, indlela eya ezulwini lavuleka amawaka abaqhubi.
3. Ngowe-1932, basithwesa U-2VS nakho ukwamkela zibhubhisa ezintandathu vosmikilogrammovyh abanini ezikhethekileyo, kwaye-moya bakhulise kwakukho shooter point, umpu yaxhobisa PV-1.
4. Lasinda andize biplane, sele sitshilo, uqeqesho engenanto - kg 656 kuphela. Ubuninzi isantya "zombona" - 135-150 km / h, lingabi kufutshane ngeemitha ngaphezulu kwe-15 kufuneka abaleke aze abaleke.
5. Xa imfazwe ka 1941-1945, amaJamani boyika kakhulu eSoviet U-2, wazibiza "umatshini wokuthunga 'yaye' sokuhluza '. Ingakumbi ngexesha Iraq ebusuku.
6. Ngexesha lemfazwe, saqalisa Ndiye kukubizela na umfazi lowo ke waba enguvulindlela biplane. 23 kubo bafumana isihloko Hero.
7. On iphakeme ultra-esezantsi, ababonwa ngokupheleleyo kwiinkqubo umoya wokhuselo. Ngenxa yoko, baba nzima kakhulu ukuba phantsi.
8. pilot test evela Ukraine woyisa South Pole kule moya.

I "Inhliziyo" moya wethu

ESoviet Union zonke ukwakhiwa entsha lwaqhutywa phantsi Isaci "ngaphezulu, umganyana, ngokukhawuleza." Le okufanayo becandelo le-moya njengoko injini "nombona". Nangona kwakukho ihlombe jikelele injini injini, njalo 50 zenkulungwane lokugqibela baqalisa ukuba irhasi kweinjini injini ukuba An-2. Kodwa ke akukho nanye eli linge akuphumelelanga. Yaba kweminyaka kuphela emva elishumi kuphuhliswa TMD-10. Siye kwenziwe phantsi kweliso Glushenkova VA e eOmsk ICD. Ukhetho olulandelayo ukuba AN-3. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1971. Kwaye injini TV2-117S efakwe phantsi moya. Emva koko ndiza wabonakala ezimbini 850-TMD, apho ibekwe isaphetha ajikeleziswe yi bendiza gear eqhelekileyo. Ngowe-1979 wadala injini HPT-20, apho kwaye isebenzisa An-2.

"Zombona" (An-2), iimpawu

Le biplane neneempawu yokusebenza ilandelayo:

1. 5500 kg - waxhuzula-off ubunzima eliphezulu.
2. 3400-3900 kg - ubunzima zingabinanto biplane.
3. 5250 kg - ubunzima elakhiwe ubuninzi.
4. Iilitha ezingama-1240 - ubunzima yezibaso.
5. 155-190 km / ngeyure - ingami isantya.
6. 990 km - uluhlu, enziwe kunye nomthwalo.
7. 4.5 km - silingi ephakame.
8. 12.4 ubude - ubude biplane.
9. 5.35 m - ubude.
10. 8, 425 - ahluze iphiko eliphezulu.
11. 5.795 - iphiko nditshayele ephantsi.
12. 71,52 yezikwere - indawo wing.
13. Abantu ababini - kukho abaqhubi.
14. 12 - inani abakhweli kwi nenguqulo An-2TD inokuthatha paratroopers - 10.

An izixhobo-2

Oko ungabona, ukuba namhlanje ukuze akhangele "corncob '? Lo moya, ifoto imifuziselo yakutshanje kuqinisekisiwe, yafakelwa izixhobo ezaneleyo mihla: ikhampasi radio OMKHULU-9, A-037 radio altimeter, zemiyalelo gyro HPA-48, i-isiphawuli MRP-56P, inkqubo ESP edibene GIK-1. izixhobo zonxibelelwano eziquka: STCs 7 - intercom, radio station RS-6102 MW uluhlu kunye R-842 MW kuluhlu.

isiphelo

Ngokuyinqaba ukuzoba "zombona 'impahla ebhaliwe yengqondo amalungelo-moya ziye eziphethwe yi kwinkampani Airbus Military Polish. NgoMeyi 2014 kwenzeka ukuba sele iminyaka engaphezu kwama emibini, Ukrainian isemoyeni Design Bureau akazange anikezele nawaphi na amaxwebhu kwicala Russian, nenokuthi ukuqinisekisa ilungelo biplane. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, akukho ithuba lokuphuhlisa ngokwesiseko-moya "corncob" (An-2), indawo moya entsha yommandla. Emva kophando kwenzeka ukuba amalungelo ebe kuthengiswe ngexesha leSoviet. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba namhlanje kufuneka liyakuphelela maxesha imifuziselo ezikhoyo. Kodwa in Russian ifumaneka ngexesha elinikiweyo uye iziqwenga ngaphezulu kwama 1,500, ukuze fleet Aviation ka AN-2 iinguqulelo ezahlukileyo ziya kubuyiselwa.