Yintoni magma: definition. Yintoni magma kunye udaka

"Mash okanye aqholiweyo elingqingqwa" (ngesiGrike), yinto silicate etyhidiweyo rock otshisayo nature ulwelo. Yiloo nto daka. Senzeka kuqweqwe lomhlaba kwi ingubo ephezulu, kubunzulu enkulu. Kwaye ngexesha Ukupholisa yayo kwenza rocks isici.

Yintoni magma? Inkcazelo kwisichazi magama

Xa kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, igama elithi "daka" itolikwa njenge ubunzima elulwalweni etyhidiweyo, ephantsi komhlaba okuqinileyo. Kwakhona ekhomba nokubunjwa kwayo silicate kunye nokukwazi ukwenza igneous.

imvelaphi

Isibakala sokuba eliqaqambileyo ngaphakathi jikelele. Ubushushu linyibilike namawa ezisentlabathini, leyo ngenxa ezi sikarhulumente engamanzi. Yintoni magma? Eli litye engamanzi, abhijelwe kwiqokobhe nzima ngeenxa zonke kuye. Kulula kakhulu, ngokobunzima kweqokobhe. Ngoko, kwaye ayanyuka abe phezulu noxinzelelo. Ngamanye amaxesha daka ayenziwanga kwaba ngaphandle, ngokuthe ngcembe okupholisa phantsi endaweni nzulu ngaphantsi komhlaba kwaye lukhuni. Ngoko kangangamawaka eminyaka kwasekwa ezintabeni. Ngamanye amaxesha rocks nzima esibandayo abakwazi ukumelana uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi daka. Iziphene kuvela ngalo daka ubona eliphalalela. She is ezikwisimo elulwelo, lithe laqhenqetha ecaleni emhlabeni.

Kwenzeka ntoni elandelayo

Yintoni magma, owayebonakele phezu komhlaba? Ibizwa ngokuba mlilo. Emva magma kwaqhambuka ngaphandle, kwangoko luqala ukupholisa, ukuthetha yemeko ezisingqongileyo kunye nomoya voice. Oku kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye izinto ebandakanywe nokubunjwa kwayo, ndiya kuyenza lukhuni ezinye crystals ukwakha. Ezi ziikristale ngokungathi edada uhlobo engamanzi. Kwaye ke inkulu kubo ukwenza iintaba mlilo. Zonke ezi zintaba iqanjwa ziikristale emininzi ekulo abangelwe. Zibizwa ngokuba abomvu.

chemical ukubunjwa

Yintoni magma ngokwembono nenzululwazi of chemistry? Kule rock ulwelo iqulethe izinto ezininzi chemical. Phakathi kwabo, nemagnesium, isodiyam, intsimbi kunye potassium. Njengoko ngokunjalo - amacandelo eguquguqukayo: chloro, fluoro, hydrogen , kunye nabanye. Yaye inxalenye enjalo, njengoko umphunga wamanzi. Njengoko ukukhululwa komhlaba izinto ezililize (inani lazo) kuyehla, oko kwenzeka inkqubo degassing.

ngezigaba

• Abangelwe (basic). Kuya equlethe dust (50%) e isixa esikhulu magnesium, intsimbi, i-aluminiyamu, calcium. Zifana elithile - titanium, iphosphate, potassium kunye sodium.
• Igranite (asidi, rhyolite). Iqulethe dust (65%). Luzele ngakumbi igesi onokuxinana gangqa abangelwe.
• Bubunjani ukukhuthazwa indlela lukhuni iindidi eziliqela ze magmatism. uhlobo ebandakanya - Ukuguqulwa kolwelo daka, oko crystallizes nzulu ngaphakathi, ngaphandle kwetha ngaphezulu. uhlobo Effusive - Udaka batsho phezu komhlaba kwaye ngumkhenkce sele apho.

inkqubo Ukuqinisa

Udaka anyibilike iquka ulwelo, iigesi, ziikristale siqinile kwimeko ezithile kuvuselele. Phantsi yempembelelo yokusingqongileyo nomthamo daka badla ngokwanda. Ezinye ziikristale kwezimbiwa zanyibilika, enye - kwakhona zenzeke.

Kuthetha ukuthini daka? Le isisombululo kunokuba nzima, apho imvula ziikristale eqinileyo kuxhomekeke imithetho eyahlukahlukeneyo. Kodwa kule ekwakhiweni daka enye maxa wambi kutshintshwe amaqondo kunye noxinzelelo.

maxa wambi thela isantya sokuqukuqela Udaka ifikelela-30 km / h, ubushushu - up to degrees 1250. Xa uhlobo ulwelo, lolu daka iya kuhlala injalo de lobushushu elibekwe ngaphezu malunga 600, yaye ke iqala ziyahlala.

Kulo mzekelo, i izimbiwa nokuntlalutyisa kwaye ajolise kwiinkalo ezithile inkqubela, ukudala iidipozithi iqala ngentsimbi, isinyithi non-ayoni, anqabileyo, idayimani. Ezi igneous kwenzeka emaweni sixhobo sekhombuya lwe zakhiwo.

Yintoni magma kunye udaka?

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, lava - na izvergnuvshayasya iziqina, eliquka emaweni zokunyibilikiswa viscous, kukhethwa silicate. Umehluko omkhulu elinesibini yokuqala - akukho igesi udaka ukuba volatilize kwi imveliso "Ulwelo Stone". Lava has ukuthambekela ekuhambeni kwexesha ukupholisa ziyahlala, ukuyeka kwangaphambili wabo. Ngenxa yoko, kwasekwa iintaba mlilo rock kunye ihewu. udaka ezahlukeneyo mlilo zahluke kumafa, ubushushu kunye nezinye iimpawu. Hi xikombiso, lava carbonate ntlanzi, ithambile, kulula ukuba ukunyibilika emanzini.

mlilo

Thina nje bacinga ukuba umhlaba ngaphakathi liluqilima kwaye ngakwazi. Enyanisweni, nzulu ezantsi ngokusisigxina kukho intshukumo ngezixhobo etyhidiweyo - daka. Waba efuna indlela eya kumphezulu ziqhekeza ezahlukeneyo tubules ezithi zenzeke kuqweqwe lomhlaba. Ngoko ke kukho mlilo - leyo wafumanisa Udaka batsho ngaphandle, utshayelwe into esendleleni yayo. Of iqhuma edume (ingxelo yi inzululwazi) onokubonwa ukukhululwa iziqina e Krakatau siqithi ngo-1883. Ngenxa yoko, satshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo siqithi. Kuqhuma lisithi 200,000 ubomi!