Yentlalo-usebenzo ungutitshala ibali Likhanova "neenjongo ezintle" kunye nesishwankathelo yayo. "Neenjongo Ezilungileyo" Lihanov Albert Anatolevich

Sesikwenzile of the Children Russian-mali, nto leyo ikhokelwe umbhali nentatheli Albert Likhanov, ifundeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ". Akukho imini ngaphandle imisebenzi emihle" Ngqo, ibinzana anomtsalane ayikwazanga kuba ngcono ibonisa uluvo isafobe yoluntu elaziwayo (yena ubuyiso mhlaba odumileyo International Association of mali yaBantwana, nguye umlawuli we-Institute of ebuntwaneni, academician, ummi yekhethelo wesixeko laseKirov kunye kummandla laseKirov). Likhanov wacinga ke ayekholelwa ukuba ngcamango abanyanisekileyo yabantu, akukho nto, ngaphandle kokuba kokuba kulandelwe amanyathelo lokwenene. Namhlanje uya kuba "neenjongo ezintle" yomsebenzi odumileyo. Le ncwadi yapapashwa ngo-1981. It umlinganiswa ephakamileyo likatitshala-owayephila.

"Makubekho ilanga!"

Ukuze siqonde ngcono iimpembelelo umsebenzi ngabantu iingqondo zabazali, kodwa inkoliso zonke ufuna ukuviwa umntwana simazi ngobomi yombhali AA Likhanova. Wazalwa ngoSeptemba 13, 1935 e laseKirov, kwintsapho elula eSoviet. UYise - oomatshini, unyoko - wayexatyiswa laboratory esibhedlele kwaye ngexesha lemfazwe - esibhedlele ngobungxamo.

Ngowe-1958 waphumelela of Journalism of phambene State University Department (phambene State University, Sverdlovsk, ngoku Yekaterinburg). Kwidolophu lokuzalwa kwakhe eyaziwa ngokuba kumnxulumanisi wephephandaba "laseKirov bokwenyaniso." Ngowe-1961, apha, kwilizwe elincinane, wayiqhubela ngamaxesha "Komsomol wesizwe." badala Kirovchane sikhankanya kokupapashwa yombhali.

Kwi emhlabeni laseKirov wabona ukukhanya wenzala zoncwadi yokuqala Likhanova ( "ukumkanikazi O odume kunene, iinkozo zegolide iintliziyo ashushu", 1959). Umbhali ngokwakhe wathabatha njengesiqalo yayo sandolatha ibali "Makubekho ilanga!" (1963). Zazingekho le minyaka kunye eminyaka, kwaye abafundi baqala ukufunda 'ebusweni "umqulu athobekile encinane kunye nombhalo:". Neenjongo ezintle "A. Likhanov, Uhlalutyo esiwenza namhlanje.

Ulutsha - shift yethu

Ngaba kamva naseNovosibirsk, iphephandaba "Komsomolskaya PRAVDA", nto leyo othile Albert A. wasebenza iminyaka emibini, ukuguqulela kumatshini-Union Leninist Youth League Central IKomiti Communist kunye phephancwadi "Change". Le yokugqibela yaba bayahlelwa umbhali amashumi amabini. kweminyaka eli-13, ukususela ngowe-1975, AA Likhanov waye umhleli we ncwadi nesiko lokuthanda ukufunda nokubhala.

uphawu Youth bavunyelwe ukuba gxwa kubomi babantwana kunye abafikisayo eli lizwe enkulu ebizwa eSoviet Union, ukuba iqwalasele imiba ukuzalana phakathi kooyise nabantwana kwiikona ezahlukeneyo. Xa sakhethwa wakha waba ngundoqo kumsebenzi yombhali. Umbhali ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukukhula abantu (ikamva lethu) ifanelwe ingqalelo yoluntu. A indima ekhethekileyo ekufundiseni isizukulwana esitsha, yena unika usapho kunye nesikolo. Likhanov iincwadi ezininzi elungiselelwe abantwana zemfazwe.

Umsebenzi Incopho yokubhala AA Likhanova kwenzeka ngo-1970-1990 gg. Xa th 1983 kuba le ncwadi "The pedagogy kakhulu: Izincoko ingxabano" (1983) wafumana ibhaso International boncwadi kubo. J. Korczak. Ukususela ngo-1987, umsebenzi ezinobuchule umbhali iya kuluntu, ejoliswe ukukhusela abantwana. Tale "neenjongo ezintle" kwakhona kwi ikhaka esiluqilima ukuze uxolo ethe iminyaka esixhenxe.

Ihlabathi ayikho ngaphandle iinkedama

Tale AA Likhanova "neenjongo ezintle" malunga iinkedama ngesihloko kunye nabazali ephilileyo, ubulolo abantwana ngaphandle imfazwe kunye ukuhlasela, phantsi kwezulu ethambileyo blue wambu amafu amhlophe. nkedama ngoxolo. Heart abafundi efundisayo kwinkulungwane xxi bakhathazekile ikakhulukazi malunga yokuba incwadi ebhalwe kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-35 eyadlulayo, ngaphezulu kunakuqala ezifanelekileyo namhlanje.

Eneneni, ukwala ukwenza umsebenzi lwabazali - Kuyaziwa eRashiya yanamhlanje. Kukho imbono yokuba le meko nzima into yokuba namhlanje "Nadia-sic" - babizwa ngokuba zamaqhawe ezincinane ukukhokela utitshala owuthandayo Nadezhda Georgievna - zinqabile kakhulu.

Malunga le ncwadi iimpendulo "neenjongo Ezilungileyo" abafundi 'phantse twatse. Bayibiza loo ncwadi uhlobo, nalwazi, yongezwe limsulwa kweengcinga utitshala oselula uncwadi Hope. Intombazana nazo zonke iingxaki intliziyo yam malunga isiphelo behlise abafundi bakhe, lizibophelele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba single yayo "Umki" uyazi oomama uthando - "Bear" (kwi iqale eponymous ukusuka inethuba Albert Likhanova kukho ngqondweni ochukumisayo apho amantombazana amancinane kunye nethemba-BHA ukubukela ikhathuni "Umka "), isisa njengobawo, nokuba baya kunika abantu igazi engalunganga.

Baphi na neenjongo ezintle?

Khumbula ngesakhiwo: zokufundisa Institute emva kokwabiwa, ekuqaleni esebenza. Kwathi ukuze intombazana eqhelekileyo Hope, efana ngaphambili, yeyela iqela ibanga lokuqala, 22 apho - iinkedama ukusuka leenkedama. Yakhuliswa ngokwesithethe ubuzwe owahlukileyo Soviet ephilwe ( "kunye nabo, intliziyo intombi ukuba ukuzisola akunakwenzeka"), uhlala kuluntu apho kwakukholelwa ukuba indoda umhlobo, iqabane kunye nomntakwabo, utitshala akanyanzelekanga ukuba iingcinga bashiye umsebenzi omkhulu ukufundisa nokufundisa umdlalo abalimele . neenjongo zakhe ezilungileyo. Kodwa phi na ke? Esi sisishwankathelo. Likhanov ngeenjongo ezilungileyo Uyakuvumela, kodwa hayi uhlambulukile ifomu "swii".

ngaphandle koloyiko Ithemba oneminyaka eli-32 ubudala kuthatha malunga ntlokoma ewolo bacinga oomama nootata ezifanayo. Ufuna ukufumana enye omdala umntwana ngamnye yinkedama, ukuba "abantu encinane 'bazi ngokunjalo ukufudumala ezonka yosapho. Ekuqaleni, bonke aba ngcono kunangaphambili. Abantu bazimisele (okanye ucinga bangaba) ukubonisa inceba. Kodwa yonke asiyonto ilula kakhulu: ukufumana abahlobo abadala ukulungiselela iinkedama kwaba lula kunokuba ukubagcina. Izizathu umsantsa siyaqondakala, kodwa yintoni loo nto?

Apha endleleni kuya kucaca. Oku akuthethi nje unyaka-esixhenxe amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana abasoloko benyanzeleka ukuba bakhule ngaphandle kwabazali, nokuba kweli yonke ehlabathini indawo "close to okulungileyo kubi." Kwaye malunga ukukwazi ukuthatha uxanduva ngezenzo zabo kunye nomsebenzi. Kodwa ngemihlaba abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, nangona ngamanye amaxesha ezinjalo polar, enyanisweni, kufanele ukuba ifane. Ngenye indlela - inkathazo. Kulo bali "neenjongo Ezilungileyo" Albert Anatolevich Lihanov uthetha ngayo.

Umama-nengabangaba

Aso phantsi iphiko lwabazali bokwahlula ikhaya elungileyo kunye kwisikolo esibhodisayo, bahlala kwaye bafunde ukusuka veki de veki apho. Iinkedama musa va umahluko phakathi isikolo kunye nekhaya labantwana. Kubo, ukuhamba phakathi evekini clones: bonke ootitshala, ulawulo olungqongqo kwemini, ubomi eqhelekileyo. Kwenza mahluko muni igama lendawo? Isenokuba kuqwalaselwe emva kokufunda isishwankathelo. "Neenjongo Good" Likhanov wakha ngendlela yokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba uzive iintlungu lithemba yokulahlwa.

Heroine yencwadi Lepestinya akakwazi siqonde phi na iinkedama, kuba akukho indlala, akukho xesha nzima. Kodwa podi-ka na! Kwaye ngoko, kwaye ngoku. Ngaba uluntu mihla ukusombulula ingxaki intandane? Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba le ngxaki solvable (ukuba hayi ngokupheleleyo, ngoko a kakhulu), ukomeleza amaxabiso usapho ukuba ayikho amagama ( "neenjongo ezintle"), kodwa practice. Kudos ukuya kubeleka kunye lukatata, kukho eyimbali zokomoya kunokuba izinto kakuhle-ntle - ". Isifo Kukushin" le "pill" evela Leenkedama akakwazi indawo usapho.

umsebenzi katitshala

Ingaba umsebenzi ititshala kulula-utitshala? Akunjalo! Phantse zonke iphepha le ibali inokufumaneka imigca ezibonisa indlela abacinga leThemba Bonner umfundisi eliphezulu umsebenzi, nako ukuntywiliselwa ngentliziyo ibe abantu. Uthando - oku uhlobo iphambili "amafutha" exhasa kokutsha umphefumlo ngutitshala.

Le imvakalelo (ukuba ikhona!) Ayikwazi ukubuyisela okanye ngomgama. Utitshala elifanelekileyo - a maximalist ezindilekileyo, ngoko uyasondela Albert Likhanov. Ukunika inkxaso ngezimvo zakhe intloko kwisikolo esibhodisayo ebizwa katitshala umcimbi feat egameni abantwana. Sinokuthi oku ngumongo uvumo ngutitshala summary. neenjongo ezintle Likhanov ibanzi kwaye zinamandla; akufuneki ibe eziyifunayo, flash iimvakalelo.

Waziphosa ubomi ukusebenza, umfundisi oselula, engenatyala kweenjongo ukuba "abahlobo abadala 'zange waqonda, hayi Iingcikivo zabo, yaye yena, ngenxa yokuba ucinga ukuba nguye buqu uxanduva yonke into eyenzekayo ngeenxa zonke. Le ukuzahlulela kubafundi abaninzi zibonakala bengasiqondi. Okanye alinakuzuzwa? Okanye mhlawumbi onke efanayo akuthethi amanga esithi "ubomi kusoloko feat", ingakumbi ukuba egameni lomntwana?

Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye Zokohlwaya

Uxanduva bayahlelwa kweenkedama - kabani lo emnqamlezweni? Nabagadi? States? Bonke zihlangene? Le yingxaki eqhelekileyo kwaye kufuneka iqwalaselwe kulo ihlabathi ukuba akukho kwatyatyamba ezifana nokhula, isichasi esemgangathweni yabantu, xa kungekho mntu unetyala nto, kwaye nokuhlangula na ukumka - nomsebenzi wezandla ukumka namanzi.

Ekuhambeni kwebali "Good notyekelo" yimizekelo nje eliphezulu nenqanaba lokuqonda, kunye engayenzanga yabantu abadala kubuhlungu kubuhlungu abantwana. Yaye phantsi ukulawula izenzo "ngabazali" ezakhokelela lenkedama ngoxolo, yaye unako ingathatyathwa ityala apho isohlwayo kuzilandela.

Ngendlela, ithemba

Ithemba G. - Heroine engundoqo kwinoveli - ukuba neenjongo okwaziyo kunye ophezulu kwaye enze, into ethandwa ngabafundi abaninzi. Le ncwadi ikhuthaza, kodwa akwenzi ngocwangco ukulandela umzekelo wakhe - yenza uthando engenakwenzeka. Ngayo le nto iza (mhlawumbi hayi) ixabiso ezininzi nezilingo zobomi kunye iimpazamo.

Nzima xa iimpazamo buhlungu intliziyo yethu, kodwa nangakumbi, xa ushiya i "notch" kwi imiphefumlo abantwana ithenda ka-- engenamandla, ikholose, abasemngciphekweni.

Iphupho akukho nto imbi, kubalulekile ukwenza

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba akukho kule ncwadi okanye wakhululwa emva kwakhe komabonakude banzi umboniso Albert Likhanov ungafaki amanqaku kwi-i, wonk 'ubani ithuba ukubona indlela eliphela ngayo ibali kunye ndilahliwe woxolo kwimeko nganye.

Direct iincwadi amandla ukufundisa Albert Likhanova ngo "neenjongo Ezilungileyo 'jikelele kunye kwinoveli ngakumbi kukuba ziyahlutha inceba. Umbhali akoyiki amazwi afana uvelwano, ububele, ukuxolela, uncedo.

Loo ngokubanzi isishwankathelo le mveliso. "Neenjongo Good" Likhanov, ndiyacinga, uthi 'ukukhala ngokusuka entliziyweni. " Uthi uye kuphuhliswa ukuze namhlanje bonke abantwana Russian, enyanisweni, - iinkedama. Abantu, hayi elinde ukuba "inceba semvelo", ukuba zingenise, bacinga yonke into ayisasebenzi zothando, azisekho bathembele amandla kunye nemali.

Usindiso uluntu ayikho kuzo, nothando kuloo mntu kunye nezinye kwihlabathi jikelele. Albert Likhanov i iqela azinikele yoluvo wazo amaxabiso ubomi. Ukholelwa ukuba ngoku lixesha lokuba ukudibanisa ngokuqinileyo ngeenjongo ezilungileyo nezenzo zokwenene.