Xa eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, yaye ngoba? Yintoni unyaka eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia kwakhona?

Golden-angqukuva eMoscow, ikomkhulu eli Russian Federation - esinye sezixeko sikhulu eyona intle yelizwe lethu. Nangona isixeko uthathwa kuba eselula, kuba inembali sisityebi.

Ngubani wakha eMoscow

EMoscow ithathwa umsunguli uYuri Dolgoruky, unyana wesithandathu Vladimir Monomakh kunye intombi IsiNgesi ukumkani Harold. Yaba iNkosana Grand wakha iindonga oqingqiweyo ka incwadi yesicelo. Enyanisweni, Dolgoruky engasoloko watyelela mzi ungakhiwa, encwadini yeembali ukukhankanywa ethile engaqhelekanga etyelele. Abantu of Kiev akaluthandi umthetheli yaye emva kokufa kwakhe Suzdal Zalesie baphanga impahla yakhe kwaye aba sisibetho ngokwenene basekuhlaleni, owathi yena, ukuhlonipha iNkosana Grand. Ngokutsho Chronicle, uYuri nde, utyebile, ubuso ezimhlophe amehlo akhe amancinane kunye nempumlo elikhulu 'ubude kunye pokrivlenny ", wakhula neendevu. Xa biography of Prince lubonise ukuba ngumthandi eninzi yabafazi, omthandayo ukutya neziselo ezimnandi kunye bonke wacinga ukuba mnandi kunye namaxesha ngaphezu malunga babuye neemfazwe. Ngenxa yokuba ibhanki angadlulisela izidwangube zakhe, omalunga yakhe okuvota. Kwakhona siyazi ukuba uYuri wayetshatile izihlandlo ezininzi: kuqala, intombi le Polovtsian Khan kwandule ke intombi soMhlekazi lamaByzantine.

Izizathu ngokuvela eMoscow eRashiya yamandulo. Geography. Iinzame ukugcina up ne-Europe

Kukho yeengcinga ezahlukeneyo malunga nezizathu lonke komhlaba Russian kunye Ukuphakamisa eMoscow. Klyuchevskii wayekholelwa ukuba indima ubulawuli eMoscow landile ngenxa indawo kakuhle okuyo. Xa eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, amancedo yalala umgama ukusuka Golden mkhosi mkhulu kunene, noMlambo eMoscow waye ikhonkco kweendlela ezingundoqo zorhwebo ixesha. Ikomkhulu elitsha ithatha indawo obalaseleyo, leyo ngobuchule ngaphezu koko saseTver, Uglich okanye Nizhny Novgorod. Iye efunde izakhono zokunqanda kunye nezithethe nenkcubeko Rus, ukuxubana kubo nabo yaseYurophu. Xa sicinga ngokuba kutheni eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, okungakuncinananga kulo mbandela kuthatha impembelelo Europe. Nangona umahluko zentlalo noqoqosho kweli lizwe lethu nakwamanye amazwe kwakukho iinkqubo ezifanayo: imizi asakhasayo Wazomeleza impembelelo kwilifa wesithathu. EYurophu Russia wadlala vzaimoaktivnuyu indima kubomi yezopolitiko enye kwenye. Kunzima ukutsho kanye ngowuphi unyaka, eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, kodwa kwenzeka kwinkulungwane XIV. Isimo eyinkunzi eMoscow waze ebukumkanini Peter I.

imililo ezinkulu kwimbali eMoscow

Kuninzi kuye kwenzeka ukususela ngoko, xa eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia. City uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ugqityiwe umlilo buhlungu. Ulwazi malunga inkulu basinda emva kweenkulungwane ezininzi kangaka. Ngowe-1365, bhunxe emthonjeni kwakukho imbalela. Waba emlanjeni nzulu, uwise isixa elincinane ye kwezulu. Kwixesha elomileyo ezinjalo kwabakho umlilo ngokulula kakhulu. Ngoko omnye nezibane ayaphula ibandla ngamaplanga. umoya onamandla, wakubetha emlilweni efika kweendonga oqingqiweyo ka incwadi yesicelo, ngaloo ndlela Muscovites baye balahlekelwa kwizibuko ekhuselekileyo evela ukuhlasela yentshabalalo. Akusoloko imililo yenzekile ngokuyalelwa wendalo. Xa eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, kuye kwatsala ingqalelo iintshaba. Ngoko isixeko umlilo Lithuanian Duke UAlgirdas, Tokhtamysh Khan, Prince Gleb of Ryazan kunye nabanye abaninzi, ibe owenze emkhosini ingakumbi isiphumo ezonakalisayo eyinkunzi. Ethetha imililo ezinkulu, asinako ngoyaba emlilweni phakathi War ka-1812, xa uNapoleon kunye nomkhosi bakhe bagxumeka kweso sixeko. Amadangatye kuloo wonke umzi. Abasebenzisi of duty ngomlilo eMoscow isixeko got yotshaba.

EMoscow akazange kwakhiwa

Ukuba uzama ukucinga ixesha elingakanani incwadi yesicelo utshintshile ukubonakala kwaso, ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukukhumbula oko kwinkulungwane eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia. Ekuqaleni esi sixeko eyenziwe ngomthi, waza wahlala njalo de ebukumkanini nguDmitry Donskoy, lowo wathatha isigqibo endaweni iindonga oki ilitye elimhlophe yesicelo, ukususela kwinqaba ilitye efanayo elimhlophe kwakhiwa. Isizathu sokuba utshintsho esinzulu enjalo umlilo, nto leyo ngokufuthi lawusibekela sixeko, kodwa hayi idityaniswe iindonga amandla incwadi yesicelo, ngokuba ilitye elimhlophe wabola kunokuba ngokukhawuleza, yaye kungekudala ukwakhiwa "wahamba". Ngowe-1485, kunye ne abakhi Italian ikwazile ukwakha incwadi yesicelo ngezitena emsebenzini, ezifana nokwakhiwa uye eminyaka. Yaba ngeli thuba, i-yesicelo anda kwindawo yayo waza wathabatha kucacile unxantathu engagunyaziswanga. Izakhiwo ngaphakathi kwakhona ngokwemigaqo inani lotshintsho. Into ngokutsha kwaye yakhiwe kwezinye izinto, into ufekethe sadilizwa, into yakhiwe kwaye atywinwe njengomfuziselo sexesha. Ebudeni bolawulo Petra Velikogo Moscow yesicelo isabalulekile zangaphambili, ngoko ke ixesha elide akazange kuchaphazela utshintsho.

EMoscow ukususela yiSoviet Union

Xa eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia kwakhona waya sele ngo-1918. Urhulumente safudukela kwisixeko ngexesha Enkulu Russian Revolution ngenxa nokoyikiswa ngenxa yesifo isiJamani kwi Petersburg. Lwabe ukuhambisa capital kuphela ixesha ukuba Petrograd inani labantu lihlile. Abanye baba nawo, ucinga izenzo ezinjalo okungaziwa kunye wabugwala, kunokuba isilumkiso kusengaphambili. Ukuhambisa eyinkunzi kunye uqhekeko phakathi kweqela iinkokeli yamaBolshevik babengavumelani, kodwa ingxoxo eshushu, nto leyo ngamampunge kangaka Baphela, kwagqitywa nge ubuqili izama Lenin. Xa eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, urhulumente sele iqalile ukushukumaName, kodwa kwakusekho aneliseke ezininzi nale sigqibo, ngoko, ukukhusela ziye ithunyelwe riflemen Latvian. Phantsi Malaya Vishera uloliwe apho uLenin, ujongene lwezintlu ze bamkelwe bexhobile, inani le yokugqibela ligqithe inani abatoli. Kodwa ke baseLatvia yakwazi izixhobo utshaba block uloliwe. Emva kwesi siganeko, ulwazi lwahlwayelwa ngeenjongo emfihlekweni ukuba urhulumente lingashukunyiswa eMoscow, kunye Nizhny Novgorod.

eMoscow yanamhlanje

Okwangoku, eMoscow - ikomkhulu Russian Federation. Kulo mzi kukho amaziko oludibeneyo amanqanaba ezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho. Ukususela ngoko, xa eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia kwakhona, indima yayo aye anda kakhulu. City ekunokuthiwa ingqondo nentliziyo lizwe lethu. Modern eMoscow - i sixeko sikhulu agglomerations ezinkulu-isikali elinambini, ikomkhulu kwesinye sezixeko ezilishumi likhulu ehlabathini. uqoqosho iMoscow inxulumene kakhulu kuqoqosho lwehlabathi, ikomkhulu ukugcina isantya kunye kumazwe aphuhlileyo, kulo mzi, ukuthatha indawo akwamanye amazwe kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kukho bebekelwa kakhulu kuzo zonke iibhanki Russian. Ukuba uyakhumbula, apho * uKhesare eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, umntu unokucinga ezixabisekileyo inkcubeko kunye nembali ngayo, ezinye izakhiwo zingafunyanwa, njani isixeko enomtsalane abakhenkethi ezivela ehlabathini lonke. EMoscow na amandla kunye namandla kwilizwe lethu, oku ohlonelwa ngamanye States.

Orthodox Moscow

Le nhloko yayigqalwa iziko yonqulo ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Metropolitan uPetros yakhe bafudukela yokuhlala ukususela noVladimir eMoscow, nto leyo eyaba iziko Orthodox. Ukuba uyakhumbula, kuwo nawuphi na unyaka, eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, sinako ukuqonda ukuba yintoni indima play ukholo ngaloo mihla. isimo esinjalo kubalulekile ukuba ingqukuva ukuba wamvusa eliphakamileyo emehlweni oluntu. Umntu ubiza eMoscow neRoma yesiThathu. Kulo mzi uya kufumana iicawa ezininzi kunye icawa. A uphawu of capital eRashiya yi St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo (de ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe eyaziwa ngokuba Emnye), ebekwe kwi-Red Square kumbindi wesixeko. Kuyinto kunxulumano amabandla asithoba kanye iiholide esingelwe phantsi, nto leyo ungqamane imihla kwidabi for Kazan. Abakhenkethi abasuka kumazwe amaninzi ukuza kukhangela into ukusuka kuluhlu lwe-UNESCO World Heritage Sites eRashiya, wakha kuloo maxesha Ivana Groznogo. Ukubuyiselwa akukho nje ukutshintsha ubuso yecawa, ngokuba waba lixhoba imililo emphinini Moscow, kodwa isabalulekile kunye nobume.

EMoscow elizayo

City ayikho indawo yaye iqhubeka nokuguquguquka. Okwangoku, zininzi iiprojekthi ukuba amathuba ezaziwayo. Ukuba ucinga, yintoni nyaka, eMoscow yaba likomkhulu Russia, khangela nje jikelele. Ikomkhulu eyakhiwa ngayo, izakhiwo ezitsha mihla, kodwa igcinwa inkangeleko ngembali umzi. kwiiprojekthi zokwakha ziyaphuhliswa abakhaya bethu nje kuphela, kodwa Irish, British yaye balwa, oko kukuthi kuphuhliso mzi inxaxheba kwaye eYurophu. Izicwangciso kuphela ukwandisa ngoku kwindawo eyenzelwe iiprojekthi ezintlanu eziphambili ezichaphazela indawo ubukhulu becala Landscaping, ukwandiswa namathuba lokuzonwabisa. Utshintsho ziya kuchaphazela River eMoscow. Izicwangciso ziquka ummandla manzi phantsi izakhiwo ukuzonwabisa, imbonakalo kukho indawo eyahlukileyo kunye izithuthi elinganiselweyo, ukudala kwindawo enkulu - "iziqithi eziphilayo", nto leyo yanceda ukwenza cleaner amanzi. Kwakhona, abakhi ziceba ukuzisa iholide lunikezelwa emlanjeni. Le yenye yeeprojekthi, kodwa ke kuqondakale isikali umxhelo kwaye siyakholwa kukuba kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu kuphela kamva eMoscow iza kutshintsha imbonakalo yawo kwaye ngokwenene babe isixeko elizayo.