Womzobo "Saint uCecilia," Rafael Santi: Inkcazo

YamaKristu uCecilia, owayehlala eRoma malunga 200 - engama-230, weva ubunzima ngenxa yokholo lwabo, wafa njengomfeli-nkolo, waza canonised. iimpawu zayo zithathwa ukuba abe rose nomculo (keyboard okanye umtya) izixhobo.

biography

Saint uCecilia wazalwa kwintsapho entle wamaRoma. Ndisemncinane, sele ujoyine amiswa ezingcwele ubuKristu. Yena ngothando wayefuna ukukhonza amahlwempu, yaye wenza isibhambathiso ukulondoloza ubunyulu nobunyulu ukuya ekufeni. Phantsi ezintle abeyambethe ihempe ngoboya.

Abazali bafumana nomkhwenyana wakhe ogama Valerian. Yena lamaqaba, ngathi umzalwana wakhe Tiburtius. Kumtshato ka uCecilia ndeva umculo wasezulwini Valerian wathi ukubukela isithunywa sakhe, ukohlwaya lowo oya nabuganga ukuba ziphazamise ebuntombini bakhe. Valerian wayefuna ukubona yingelosi. Ukuze wenze oku, kwafuneka ukuba abhaptizwe nguye. Emva kokuba ubhaptizo Valerian wabona isithunywa, uCecilia uvutho- isidanga iinyibiba. Baqala ke ukuba bahlale kunye nodade wabo, nokuba ukunceda amahlwempu. Kamva Ndafika ubuKristu nomntakwabo Valerian Tiburtius. Abantu abatsha zinceda amahlwempu, yaye akazange ayithande nomthetheli waseRoma, Alhimayu Turkey. Yena undiyalele ukuba babingelela oothixo babahedeni yaye xa saliwe, ngoko wathumela Valerian kunye Tiburtius ukholo phantsi ngeentsontelo baloo mzi. waba namandla kangangokuba Andicingi ngokufa ukholo lwabo, kwaye apha kubuKristu, intloko ngabalindi bakhe Mxim. Emva kokuba abulawe wabo Mxim wamxelela indlela wabona ukuba banyukele ezulwini, apho wabulawa. Ngeli xesha, eSt uCecilia Wasasaza yonke impahla kunye kuguqukela kubuKristu angamakhulu amane amaRoma.

ngenxa yokholo

Umfazi oselula naye wathunyelwa nomthetheli, yaye yena wayeza kufa ukutsarhwa sokuhlambela. iintsuku ezintathu nobusuku obuthathu wahlala kulo; kodwa xa webhate wavula, eSt uCecilia wayesaphila. Emva koko wathunyelwa itheko, kodwa umxhomi watsho amanxeba abathathu ayikwazanga anqunyulwe intloko. Emva kwale sentuthumbo, wasaba. Ukuba usaphila, ukopha iintsuku ezintathu ngabantu abangcwele, ukuba kuwanelisa isiponji ilaphu igazi lakhe (inqaku Saint uCecilia) nikholwe kuKrestu.

Izinto ezingcwele saint

Umzimba kunye intloko yengcwele bamngcwabela mangcwaba. AmaKristu athandazela phambi kwabo. Ngenkulungwane IX, izinto ezingcwele incorrupt of St. uCecilia bafudukela ibandla Trastevere, kunye nentloko yayo - woonongendi Santi Quattro Coronati. Kodwa xa, ngo-1599, wavula ibhokisi kunye umzimba, oko ezifunyenwe ngokungummangaliso intloko. Yandothusa le abaninzi, kuquka nomkroli Stefano Maderno. Wathi nomfanekiso elele ecaleni njengengcwele. Le ibekwe kwi esibizwa eRoma, yaye ikopi ngayo - kule mangcwaba.

Patroness umculo kunye neemvumi

Tsetsiliya Rimskaya kunye ngenkulungwane XV uthathwa ukuba patroness umculo: yena uya esibingelelweni, wathandaza kwaye sacula amaculo zonqulo. Sisihlandlo sokuqala lwetheko umculo, elamiselwa imbeko - oku 1570, EVR, eNormandy. Pope Sixtus V wakhupha inkunzi eyodwa, apho St. uCecilia ithathwa ukuba patroness umculo. Umele ngundoqo ezinkonzweni. Giovanni Palestrina walungelelanisa abazinikeleyo kuye eRoma Society of Sacred Music, kamva similise okwaloo Academy, apho ikhona unanamhla kwaye ngokuba National Academy "Santa UCecilia". UHenry George Purcell Handel kuqala ukubeka "Oda unxibelelwano imini. UCecilia ". Kuwela nge-22 Novemba. Eli siko kuqhubeka iimvumi bayo yonke iminyaka yobudala (Charpentier, Gounod, Britten, Mahler), kuquka ixesha lethu. Ngoko ke, ngo-1966, Muckle Herden wabhala ingoma "Hymn eSt UCecilia".

imisebenzi yaduma Raphael

Ngowe-1513, uRafael Santi evela Cardinal Lorentso Puchchi ukuze imbeko Saint uCecilia kuba yingcwele le Augustinians e Bologna. Le umxhasi ongcwele ecaweni kunye umthengi ngqo uye Duloli Elena Dal Olio. Waye Wayesaziwa uxhuzula yimincili leyo eyabangela umculo wakhe. nto wacela ukuba umfanekiso St. uCecilia, abo badlala phezu abasemagunyeni ukuba babambelele kuwo bethabatheke (inqaku "Rafale Santi", iguqulelwe kwi IsiNgesi) Loo. Raphael wanikeza lo mzuzu. Body lishiyiwe, ingcwele ubona iingelosi zasezulwini Kukucula (iinkcukacha). ubuso bakhe ngokupheleleyo inkanuko cwaka nolonwabo. amehlo Dark ekhululekile ufumene wakhangela phezulu, iinwele ezimdaka ukuvula ubuso ecocekileyo. Ukusuka Kuvela ukukhanya nemfudumalo obuma- ebomini, ngokuba uphulaphula umculo wezulu.

iconography

Lo mfanekiso, yaye icon, kwaye kuyo zonke iinkcukacha has a umthwalo ethile. Amanani ezintlanu kuso nto ngengozi. Amahlanu ubuKristu kuthetha abapostile abane noKristu. Xa iziko ngumntu esembindini - St. uCecilia. Rafael nge ezimbini symmetrically amalungiselelo abahlobo bakhe. We ezichaza nabo iimpawu. UMpostile uPawulos, umseki imfundiso zamaKristu, kubalulekile athembele ikrele layo, iphepha. Inyondla phantsi izixhobo esichitha-chithwe baphuke zomculo, badl nzulu. UYohane umvangeli, Wathoba intloko yakhe, nomlenze lowo wasekunene, ejonge eSt Augustine. Emazantsi kuphuma phantsi ingubo yakhe ibonakala ukhozi emnyama. Ukongeza ekunene, ephethe intonga, ejonge Ioanna Bogoslova St. Augustine. UMariya Magdalina, balucanda azicamagushele izono kwaye ngoku ezihlambulukileyo, kunye isitya akrelekrele emnyama lelabhastile, nasezandleni ngokujonga ngqo kwi kumboniseli ojonga kuyo. Ngoko ke, inxalenye iimbono phambana. St. UPawulos kodwa izixhobo ezaphukileyo, ayibone njengoko ngokukhatywa weziyolo emhlabeni, yaye, ukongeza, umtya elula phakathi kwabo i Renaissance isimboli yemveli nyulu. Ioann Bogoslov waye umxhasi zobuntombi bentombi leyo, ekungatshatini uPawulos adunyiswe. Umtya - kukhunjuzwa ndizila iziyolo zenyama.

Iingelosi esibhakabhakeni ezabekayo

Zabo ubona kuphela Santa uCecilia. Raphael zaveza ezintandathu zezulu iingoma, ogama uyakhala a cappella idlula izandi kakhulu evumelanayo ukuba akhuphe abantu. Zintathu (inani engcwele) ingelosi kuvuma kwincwadi yakhe. Ezi wongeza ilizwi layo kunye nengalo yesine. abanye ezimbini - ngokwabo. Sifumana uthotho lwamanani: 1, 3, 2, no 6. Le mali ka-1 + 3 ukunika nelitha, 3 + 2 - yesihlanu. Harmony uboniswa xa kukho omnye ngelamadoda ilizwi. Yaye nje kusezinzulwini ingcamango zomculo kaPythagoras, oya kuhamba ngayo.

umhlaba ivumelane

yonke umfanekiso Raphael kaThixo "Saint uCecilia" i imigca esimfaneleko kombhinqo, kakuhle kwaye kungabonakali munye. Nemifula imigca - ukuba libe zizibaya zempahla iimpahla, isithunzela amanani lwamaqumrhu omkhulu, uphawu imisebenzi yalo opeyintayo kwexesha. bonke babambe iliso kumboniseli kulo mfanekiso. Rafael Santi wakhetha umbala eqhelekileyo segolide-mdaka, ephuma lunwele lulubhelu kuphela ingubo eluhlaza nengubo ebomvu uPawulos. nembonakalo yakhe enamandla, kunye nokuqaqamba iimpahla nokugxininisa loo umsebenzi omkhulu UbuKristu, Yesu, ukudala imfundiso holistic. Ingcamango olusisiseko umfanekiso - kukuzukiswa ntumbuluko naswona wa kwephupha ubuhle oluvakalisa uCecilia.