Whatman - iphepha aqhelekileyo sisikhanyiso engaqhelekanga

Whatman - iphepha elimhlophe ashinyeneyo. Libhekisela iimveliso kwibakala imali kunye umphezulu isiphathi, ngaphandle texture. Xa uhlobo iphepha ngokuzoba - ukusondela iphepha, nto leyo ifanele ngemizobo ipensile okanye watercolors. Eli phepha iyilungele umzobo, njengoko ukumelana kakhulu lingonakali.

Kumazwe post-eSoviet, i-standard report format - Whatman A1 (ubukhulu 594 x 841 mm). Ngoko ke nakuphi na ifomathi sheet A1, oko kakhulu ntiyiso. Emva iphepha ngokuzoba - iteknoloji okhethekileyo iphepha, ogama emva umsunguli yayo. Kwamanye amazwe, eli phepha ekuthiwa lesikhumba, ukusuka uvelise albhamu ukuba umzobo kunye neefom amaxwebhu ezixabisekileyo.

Indaba

Ukukhulula Whatman waqala eNgilani ngenkulungwane ye-18 (phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1750s). Umsunguli olu hlobo lephepha kubizwa ngokuba James Uotmena (Yakobi Whatman). Iphepha Kusenokwenzeka kubizwa ngokuba "Creative Studios", kodwa ngenxa yemeko IsiNgesi liguqulelwe amagama nangesiCyrillic wazalwa igama ezaziwayo-kakuhle.

UMnu Uotmen Dubiley eluswini, kodwa umnqweno ukuba zizityebi kukhokelele ukufunyanwa ngo-1733 imveliso yayo iphepha lakhe. Wamisela waphuma ukuvelisa iphepha ilungileyo eYurophu, yintoni eyanceda iinkosi elitheni zaseBritani, owayesebenza fektri. Ngokungafaniyo okhuphisana mveliso iphepha Uotmena eyenziwe ngelinen kunye hemp nawezonakeleyo, leyo yintlama isivuno umfo ngaphezu kweenkuni.

Artists ngowokuqala ukuba aqonde umgangatho ophezulu iimveliso Uotmena - umkhondo we ipensile zibonakala ngokugqibeleleyo, kunye watercolors yalala ngokugqibeleleyo kwisiseko zamafu. Kwakungekho okhuphisana Uotmena engama-30, iphepha wakhe waziwa ngaphandle UK, oko ngokubanzi osetyenziswayo ukushicilela iincwadi. Incwadi yokuqala, mayifakwe kwi iphepha - ingqokelela imisebenzi Virgil, kwaye edume - iBhayibhile, umhla kunyaka 1763.

Uotmen yena wakhe wokusungula ebizwa ngokuba 'yokwaluka "okanye" lesikhumba "iphepha ngenxa yokuba ubume sheet caba ufana nale nyama thinnest. mhlophe kulomcimbi iphepha nokuqina kwayo, kwakunye, ngokwahlukileyo kwezinye zokusila amaphepha, akukho imizila sande.

Emva kokufa inkampani Yakobi Uotmena ukuba ilifa nonyana wakhe, sele kwifektri walo mdlalo ngokutsha iphepha Whatman okanye Whatman. inkampani Watman likhona kwaye ngoku, ngaphandle kokuba uvelisa izixhobo zonyango.

Malunga iifomati paper Whatman

Ubungakanani bephepha - yinto uhlobo template elimlinganiselo ethile, yamkelwe umgangatho. Uluntu jikelele zamkela standard ISO, njengoko apho kukho iyantlukwano thotho: A - amaxwebhu, - Printing, C - ngenxa iimvulophu. Kwi-ISO standard report format, nto leyo iba ixabiso ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-10, kunye nesisombululo ngalinye na isiqingatha yangaphambili.

Whatman, ekuveliseni kumazwe post-eSoviet, kunokuba ukusuka A1 ku-A4. Ngenxa yoko, format A1 isetyenziselwa uyilo lobungcali prototyping, A2 ethandwayo phakathi abafundi abapasa le idiploma ubungakanani kunye nomsebenzi zifundo wakhethwa yi artists A3, A4 - yeyona lula ukuba abantwana kuqala nje ukufunda ukuzoba.

Whatman ekhaya

Ngokusekelwe ubuninzi A0, nto leyo ine indawo square 1 imitha, yi bisection Kulula ukufumana isisombululo oyifunayo. Ngoko ke, ukusondela Whatman A1 A0 efunyanwa ifan'ba 2. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba le nkqubo isebenza ngendlela A1 malunga zingafumaneka ngokuthi uyidibanise kunye amaphepha ezisibhozo ephepheni le A4. Ngokufanayo, oko elisombulula ingxaki, ukuba ukwenza njani iphepha ngokuzoba ekhaya.

Beyond bezoba bepeyinta

Ngokwembali, iphepha Whatman (ubukhulu A1, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla) yaba liphepha othandwayo, hayi kuphela abantu imisebenzi zobugcisa, kodwa ngenxa yokuba baqonda ukuba zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubhala. On iphepha Whatman yavelisa ndaba eludongeni, warhola iipowusta imitshato nobu, Year New nelezinye iintlobo zonke iziganeko.

Whatman kunye modernity

Ngophuhliso ubuchwepheshe bale mihla Whatman iye andilahlekwanga ukufaneleka kwayo. Nalo, yenza kakhulu, kodwa ezazingaziwa izinto: iimvelaphi iifoto, iimephu, iminqweno, iipowusta kunye nezipho.

Kuxhomekeka injongo landela, umba indlela ukufaka iphepha lakho ukuzoba, isonjululwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ufuna Photobackground, akufuneki akukho lokubhalela engaphezulu. iphepha elimhlophe ugxininisa ngokupheleleyo ukuguda noburhabaxa bento ezibekwe kwiphepha Whatman. Popular phakathi amantombazana okanye unqwenela imephu ibhodi nokuthelekelela kule sheet yenziwa ilula: intonga ukuya ezisikwe imagazini iphepha okanye imifanekiso eshicilelweyo kwi Internet ukubonisa into eziyifunayo (umzekelo, izihlangu zinhle, imoto, indawo yokuba ndifuna ukuya kuphumla).

Ngoncedo kwephepha Kulula ukwenza isipho lokuqala - ipowusta iilekese (ngeebha zeetshokoleti, iilekese okanye intlaka ukuhlafuna kwi ukuphakheja ngamnye). imvelaphi White, kulo mzekelo, unako ukuhombisa, ukubhala imibuliso kumamkeli nokusebenzisa tape kabini kabini ukucola wakho iilekese ozithandayo. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe iphakheji encinane ukumelana tape umthwalo.