Vonnegut Kurt: biography kunye nemisebenzi umbhali enkulu American

Mhlawumbi namhlanje kunzima ukuhlangabezana umntu owayeza akakwazi Vonnegut Kurt. Kwaye ukuba uyifundile naziphi na iincwadi zakhe, mhlawumbi uye weva acaphula imisebenzi yakhe. Thina namhlanje ukuze aqhelane nobomi kunye nomsebenzi yale mkhulu mbhali yaseMelika.

Kurt Vonnegut: A Biography

Umbhali edumileyo elizayo avela kwintsapho abavela German. Kurt Vonnegut, Omnci wazalwa ngo-1922, ngoNovemba 11 kwi-US kwisixeko Indianapolis, nto leyo ngokufuthi yaba kwindawo imisebenzi yakhe kwixesha elizayo. Uyise Wayengomnye wabanini zenkampani yokwakha, zeza unina kwintsapho osisityebi of American usozimali yomenzi. Kurt waba umzalwana omdala nodade - Bernard kunye Alice.

Ngexesha Enkulu Ukudakumba, imeko yezimali yosapho Vonnegut zimbi kakhulu. Ngelo xesha unina Kurt waqalisa ukubonisa iimpawu zokuqala yokugula ngengqondo kakhulu, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba abenayo wazibulala. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1944. Le nyaniso usemncinci kakhulu Kurt wanyikima. Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, Vonnegut, Jr., xa ukunyanzelisa kayise wajoyina iSebe Chemistry yeSebe kwiCornell University. Noko ke, ndaba umdla yakhe encinane, yaye lonke ixesha inkwenkwe wamnika umsebenzi kwiphephandaba umfundi.

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Emva kokuba United States wabhengeza inxaxheba yayo kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II, omnye umfana wacela kwi US Army. Ngenxa yoko, watshintshelwa kwiYunivesithi Tennessee, apho wayefunda zobunjineli. Emva koko, Vonnegut uKurt waya ngaphambili. Ekupheleni konyaka-1944, umfana, kunye namanye amajoni American kwenziwa ibanjwa yi yiJamani. Lowo wathunyelwa kwinkampu ekusetyenzwa e Dresden (Germany). Ebusuku kwaye ngexesha lezomoya kwisixeko Vonnegut kunye namanye amabanjwa savalelwa kwakhiwe slaughterhouse ishiywe. Kurt nethamsanqa ukuba sisinde lezomoya Dresden ekuqaleni 1945. Emva koko yatshatyalaliswa phantse ngokupheleleyo wonke umzi. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi ka Kurt, abo bathatha inxaxheba kuhlalutyo kobutyobo, kwafa abantu ubuncinane 250.000. Amava abantu abafana enxulumene nale ntlekele yoyikekayo kwixesha elizayo ziboniswe eziliqela imisebenzi yakhe. Phakathi kwazo indawo ekhethekileyo nekuhlala ethi "Slaughterhouse-Five," nto leyo ebangele ukufumana umbhali uzuko lokwenene.

impilo kwempi

Emva kwemfazwe, Vonnegut uKurt wabuyela US yaye ababhalise esikolweni isidanga (yabantu) kwiYunivesithi Chicago. Okunxuseneyo ezifundweni zakhe wasebenza yintatheli samapolisa kwindawo eChicago iindaba kwiziko. Ngowe-1947, lo mfana wenza iinzame yokuzithethelela ithisisi magistorskuyu zabo phezu isihloko ulwalamano ezingazinzanga phakathi kokulungileyo nokubi kuzo iintsomi. Noko ke, lo msebenzi iye yavumelana zikhatywa ngabo bonke ootitshala. Ngenxa yoko, abe ngusihlalo Chicago khono Ukanti Vonnegut wawongwa kwisihloko yeNkosi. Kodwa kwenzeka kuphela ngo-1971. Isizathu soku ke inoveli umbhali efanayo kaThixo "Cradle Cat kaThixo" (1963).

Emva kokuba ukusilela magistorskoy yakhe yokuqala ithisisi Vonnegut Kurt wathumela kwisixeko Schenectady, apho wafumana umsebenzi kwi "Electric Jikelele" Department of Public inkampani enkulu American.

Kurt Vonnegut: Ukubhala incwadi umsebenzi

Iziganeko ezifunyanwa Vonnegut ebutsheni bakhe, yaba sisiseko imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala. Yaba yenzululwazi ekwincwadi osihloko sithi "Utopia 14". Kwincwadi yakhe yapapashwa ngowe-1952, umbhali usizobela umfanekiso elibi kakhulu kwixesha elizayo, xa wonke umsebenzi emhlabeni owenziwe oomatshini, kwaye umntu akuyomfuneko. imisebenzi elandelayo Vonnegut nawo abhalwe uhlobo zamabali, "kukhala of Titan" (1959) kunye "Cat i-Cradle" (1963). Okwangoku, ukuvunywa ngamazwe beza Kurt ngomsebenzi ezisekelwe kwibali lokwenyaniso, ebizwa "Slaughterhouse-Five", ebhalwe ngo-1969. Le ncwadi lunikezelwa iziqhushumbisi German ka Dresden, i-United Kingdom kunye United States air force ngoFebruwari 1945, ngexesha apho isixeko satshatyalaliswa phantse emhlabeni, yaye abemi balo wafa.

Kwakhona yabhalwa Kurt Vonnegut bangamalungu iincwadi ezimangalisayo ezinjengezo "nomkhuba okanye Phantsi ubulolo", "kungekhona sisidenge," "Jailbird", "zeGalapagos", "Bluebeard", "Timequake" kunye nabanye.

Kurt Vonnegut: kuchaphulo olu

Intetho ethi kakhulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle umntu zezi zilandelayo ibinzana: "Yintoni na izazinzulu kwakungayi kuba basebenza, solo ushiye izixhobo", "Kwaye nangona abantu ndisisityhakala, ngenkohlakalo, khangela, yintoni usuku oluhle!", "Ukukhula - kukukwazi bazazi komda izakhono zawo. "

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Kurt Vonnegut ndandiwuthanda kakhulu malunga nemisebenzi yakhe yokubhala, waza wayeka ukusebenza, de afikelele ebudaleni kakhulu. Wafa umbhali odumileyo American Aprili 11, 2007. Unobangela ukufa imiphumo yokwenzakala kwengqondo esibuhlungu, apho umbhali kunyaka-84 ubudala ngenxa yokuwa. Nangona isibakala sokuba eli sezifundo enkulu nzulu ngezinto kangangeminyaka eliqela akasekho, uKurt Vonnegut, ogama iincwadi nangoku imphathel iingqondo zabantu ehlabathini jikelele, iya kuhlala ngonaphakade kwimemori kunye iintliziyo izigidi zabantu kulo lonke jikelele.