Vernadsky State Geological Museum: History. Museum of Geology kubo. Vernadsky: idilesi, iifoto

State Geological Museum. Vernadsky - yenye kwamaziko ophando kwelikhulu omdala inxaxheba kuphononongo kwezimbiwa kwilizwe lethu ehlabathini.

prehistory

ngokudala kwakhe kwiGeological Museum kubo. Vernadsky wambopha M. V. Lomonosovu. Yaba lo nzulu Russian kwisithuba uqeqesho lwabo eJamani, yabona imfuneko kokudibanisa "ethi" imfundiso zenzululwazi zendalo ukuya practical. Kwiminyaka kamva, xa iphulo yakhe yasekwa University of eMoscow, kwaye ngo-1755-m-eyaziwa abalimi Demidovs usapho wanikela eli ziko "ofisi Henkel bezimbiwa." Yathengwa kwi-Saxon kwidolophu Freiberg kunye abathuthwayo ukuya eSiberia. Apho, ngokwemiyalelo Akinfiya Nikiticha Demidova, waba nizalise iiminerali ukuba geni kwimigodi yayo. Emva kokufa koonyana kayise bagqiba ukwenza ngoku ingqokelela elixabisekileyo iqulathe sele nezinto zakudala ezinqabileyo 600 kwikomkhulu wanikelwa ukuba Bala Shuvalov ukuba nizalise ukuqokelelwa eyunivesithi.

museum indalo

Ngowe-1759 collection Demidov kaThixo nxiba ukubonisa elayibrari endlwini wonke avumba limnandi, apho kwaqhutywa de nokudalwa kwiYunivesithi Museum of Natural History. Emva kweminyaka engama-40, elinye ilungu Demidovs sodidi - Paul G. - waqhubeka ngokwesithethe uyisemkhulu wakhe, uyise malume, babingelela uphando kwiziko lemfundo kwimbali zendalo, enye ilayibrari olubanzi "capital sohranny" ka-100 000 engange, inzala kwakuza kufuneka ukusuka apho ukuya kwiindawo .

Ukususela 1804 ukuya 1812,

Ngowe-1804, emva kokuba ukusekwa Demidov we Natural History Museum of the Future Geological kubo. Vernadsky wachukumiseka kwisakhiwo ku Moss, owazeka 220 square metres. m kwiholo, yaye ngowe-1805 watshintshelwa kwicala lasekhohlo mezzanine; yokuhlala ngeenjongo imiboniso amagumbi 6. Ngexesha umlilo eMoscow ngo-1812 Isakhiwo lwembali yatshiswa, kunye eyunivesithi. Kwaye nangona iisampulu ezininzi ezixabisekileyo izazinzulu baye bakwazi ukuthatha ngaphandle uninzi collection ebilahlekile.

ukuzalwa

Emva kokuba ukugxothwa French baqalisa ukubuyisela ingqokelela ngokuthenga imiboniso ezintsha, kuquka iminikelo.

Ngokukodwa, ngo-1813 i ngoku uNikolay Nikitich Demidov wanika yimyuziyam ingqokelela entsha izimbiwa kunye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva waya kungena isakhiwo Nikitskaya.

kwimisebenzi yezobunzululwazi

Ngowe-1880 wamiselwa umgcini yikhabhinethi zejoloji obalaseleyo Russian komhlaba kunye paleontologist A. P. Pavlova, yaye kwiminyaka eli-12 kamva, le posi sathathwa V. I. Vernadsky. Ngenxa yemizamo yabo, imyuziyam iye yaba liziko uphando ezaziwayo-kakuhle, baza baqala ukuthatha amanyathelo yayo yokuqala apho ngoxa umfundi, yaye kamva izazinzulu abadumileyo A. Fersman, KA Nenadkevich, A. Samoilov , kunye nabanye.

yokuwela

Ngowe-1910, Pavlov kunye Vladimir Vernadsky wabhenela urhulumente ukuqalisa ukwakha isakhiwo esitsha myuziyam. Esi sigqibo, ngokutsho kubo, yaba ukuba isipho ilungileyo ngalo Lomonosov.

Initiative abaphandi bafumana impendulo, yaye ngowe-1914 isixa esifunekayo sele yabelwe ukusuka kaNondyebo kaRhulumente. Kungekudala iprojekthi RI Klein Moss waqala ukwakha isakhiwo esitsha, nto leyo ngoku isakhiwo engundoqo, leyo likwaneklinkhi i Museum of Geology kubo. Vernadsky. Le mfazwe yaba isizathu sokuba ukuya kwisakhiwo esitsha kwenzeka kuphela ngo-1918. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ukungafezeki lwembali wavula kuluntu kuphela ngo-1924.

Isiseko Geological Institute

Ikhosi kukwanda kweefektri, leyo ithathwa ngurhulumente abatsha yiSoviet, kuye kwanyanzeleka ingqalelo kakhulu kuqeqesho ukuze eziliqela imisebenzi, kubandakanywa ezo zinxulumene nemigodi. Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1930 le Moscow Geological prospecting Institute yamiselwa ngokusekelwe imyuziyam, le Moscow Mining Academy, iYunivesithi Abantu kunye Courses Higher for Women.

Ithuba yanamhlanje

A nqanaba entsha yaqala ngo-1988, xa isigqibo yiSoviet kaRhulumente yasekwa nguRhulumente Geological Museum. Vernadsky. kwiminyaka 5 kamva iindwendwe bakwazi ukubona mboniso entsha "Chronicle e Stone", kwanasemva sele uqalile iminyaka emi-3 ukuya ukusebenza iholo kwemiboniso okwethutyana kunye nezinto yokuzonwabisa, nto leyo eqhuba umsebenzi omkhulu kwi popularization yenzululwazi.

Museum of Geology kubo. Vernadsky: Inkcazo lokuqokelelwa

Xa kwiiholo zamaziko yesayensi neyokufundisa wabeka up amawaka 300 nemiboniso. Kulo mzekelo, iimali rhoqo agcwaliswa iziphumo ukuba izazinzulu savela matutu, kunye nezipho ezenziwe ngabancedi abaqhubekayo isithethe Demidov. umdla omkhulu phakathi abatyeleli na igumbi kuqala babebizwa ukuba "Geological Kunstkammer". Kuyinto ngenxa kule ukuqokelelwa rarities Museum Geological kubo. Vernadsky itsala abafundi, abaninzi babo emva Iihambo loo umdla mineralogy asakhulayo. Xa "Kunstkammer" Ndinibonisile izimbiwa ezintle kakhulu, ngaphandle kwemilo engayiwayo, umbala kunye nesakhiwo.

Ukusuka apho, iindwendwe ukuhamba egumbini elandelayo, apho aqonde umsebenzi ezohlukileyo bemifanekiso liwubethileyo ubuhle nokwenza Mhle isakhono kwabayili zabo.

Ababukeli nako ukubona avuleke esixabisekileyo esivela nokuqokelelwa Count Stroganov, Prince Gagarin, Rumyantsev kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ukuze benze oku, kufuneka nje ukuba ubhale idilesi kwiGeological Vernadsky Museum (ul. Moss, 11, p. 11) uye apho zempelaveki ezayo.

Ezinye imiboniso unique

Trip ku kwiGeological Museum. Vernadsky, iifoto zazo ziboniswa ngasentla, likuvumela ukuba ubone imiboniso ekhethekileyo ngokwenene. Phakathi kwabo:

• window yokuqokelela wabumba emlilweni oyile Tengiz;
• iifosili esihlahleni evela US isimo Arkansas kweminyaka engama million 220;
• ubungakanani neametiste geode ka-1 ukuya 0.7 m, amazwe e Brazil;
• ukuqokelelwa eziphili lithologic of Taman;
• charroit elikhulu asixhenxe ezihamba izimbiwa kakhulu ezinqabileyo kunye nabanye.

Ngoku uyazi into ungabona ngokundwendwela kwiGeological Museum. Vernadsky (idilesi bona. Ngaphezu), yaye ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufuna ukuba kubekho ukubona ubuncwane wezasekhaya komhlaba.