USvetlana Savitskaya: biography, iifoto

Waye kabini nokuthathwa abe ligorha eSoviet Union, ukuba wawongwa isihloko iNkosi abazukileyo Sports, yaye akazange kuvinjwa ingqalelo - ukubonakala kwayo esidlangalaleni bekusoloko uyoliswa, ngokungathi ethile nomtsalane ekhethekileyo. Kwaye ngokwayo usoloko Uwangawangisile esibhakabhakeni - elihle, lweenkobe kunye nanto. Eyokuqala kwimbali ukuhambahamba esibhakabhakeni emva Tereshkova usomajukujuku obhinqileyo, iza kuvalwa kwi indawo evulekileyo, umi phambi kwethu uSvetlana Savitskaya. Cosmonaut Babehamba kwisithuba ngexesha flight yakhe yesibini ilandelelana.

Esakhula

uSvetlana Wazalwa ngo-Agasti 8, 1948 kwikomkhulu, usapho umphathi-mkhosi, Air Marshal - evgeniya Yakovlevicha Savitskogo. Usapho kugcwele ingqeqesho nocwangco. Mother USvetlana Lidia kule minyaka imfazwe wakhonza kunye nomyeni wakhe. Kunye neemeko ezinjalo abathile kwangaphambili zokuzonwabisa elizayo wentombi yabo.

Savitskaya USvetlana Evgenevna wafumana isatifikethi ngo-1966. Emva koko, yena waye wabhalisa kwi Moscow Aviation Institute. wasivuna ngempumelelo zediploma wakhe (1972), wamkela okukhethekile yokubhabha yinjineli. Studies kwi ziko yena idityaniswe ukulungela Aviation Flight Technical College, apho kamva wafumana abaqeqeshiweyo pilot-ngumqeqeshi.

Ukanti ukuba umfundi wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, waqalisa abaqhuba zemidlalo acrobatic waza wangena squad yangoku. USvetlana Savitskaya ngokukhawuleza ukufumana amava kwaye sele ngo-1970 eNgilani, waphumelela indawo yokuqala lobuntshatsheli kwihlabathi aerobatics moya piston. wakwazi kwakhona irekhodi ezintathu iparashute tsiba ukusuka stratosphere kwaye wenze elinesibhozo moya luphaphazela kwi-moya jet. Kwaye ngo 1970 yena sele umiselwe ukuya kwisihloko inkosi zemidlalo ye-USSR.

pilot umsebenzi

Emva kokuphumelela USvetlana Savitskaya wasebenza kangangexesha elithile njengoko umqhubi ngumhlohli ukufumana umqhubi isiqinisekiso uvavanyo olongezelelweyo. Ngowe-1976, waqalisa ukusebenza kwi Scientific and neMveliso Association "Vuka". kamva kancinane, sele amava abanzi - njengelinge kuvavanyo kwisityalo mechanical zobunjineli "Speed" eMoscow. Ngo-Agasti 1980, uSvetlana lagqithiselwa na oosomajukujuku, yaye kamva wamiselwa cosmonaut-umphandi ukusuka 'Isantya ".

"Space Road"

Elinesixhenxe Julayi 1984 ukusuka kwisikhululo Baikonur ngenqwelo "Soyuz T-12", apho amalungu abasebenzi abanamava oosomajukujuku ezintathu kubo - uSvetlana Savitskaya. Photo sathathwa ngemva kokuba uthathe-off, nangoku zigcinwa kwindawo yogcino Baikonur cosmodrome. Zanda, wabonakala kuqala njengeqela elikhulu lovavanyo-oovulindlela oqeqeshiweyo kakhulu, injongo leyo ukuba enze amalinge eziyimfuneko kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi.

"Squad Space", eziquka Savitskaya, ukuba babambe uthotho lwemisebenzi esweni impilo yabantu, intlalo-ntle kunye nemeko yonke eziphilayo kwindawo sithuba, ukufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngakumbi kwingcamango umntu ukuba weightlessness. Xa ibhabha, le abaphandi kuthwalelwa phandle umntu amalinge efanelekileyo, nto leyo yanceda ukuba bachonge iindidi ezahlukileyo ezinxaxhileyo wokuva, umbono, nemithambo yegazi, ukuze kufunyaniswe ngobungakanani unyamezelo kwabantu kwindawo isithuba kwaye susceptibility wayo buthathaka ngokugqithisileyo, ubuthathaka kwindawo yokusebenza ye esithubeni. Savitskaya USvetlana Evgenevna sokongamela ifuthe kokusingqongileyo amabala avulekileyo phezu izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kulwakhiwo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezakhiweyo zobunjineli.

Umsebenzi ophambili kweli qela, Noko ke, laba kwisithuba evulekileyo. Kwaye July 25, 1984, kunye ne-noVladimir Dzhanibekov Stavitskaya washiya i "Salyut-7" station nako kuthwalelwa phandle umntu spacewalk. Kwakhona eksperimenti ekhethekileyo, olu sapho lwaluquka ekusebenziseni izixhobo ngesandla Shirokouniversalny yenzelwe ukusebenza kwisithuba lwaqhutywa. Esi sixhobo iye kunikwa ngamandla elektroniki, iipleyiti ezine, iqela lolawulo, oquka itshintshela iindlela zokusebenza kunokwenzeka. Ekugqibeleni, kwisiphekepheke flight injineli "Soyuz T-12", iintengiselwano zilandelayo zaye zenziwa - ukusika, ngelotha, ukuwelda kunye ukutshiza.

Buyela Earth

Hlala flight "amaqela cosmic" iintsuku ezilishumi. July 29, 1984, babuyela ngokukhuselekileyo Earth. iingcali aphambili abasebenzi bagqiba ekubeni baqhubeke nomsebenzi wabo njengesiqhelo ujikeleza, ukulungiselela spacewalk elandelayo. USvetlana Savitskaya, elingumthombo, wabonisa ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo indawo engaphandle njengoko imisebenzi "ezisentlabathini", apho kwenziwa ngesiqhelo kwi kumgangatho mveliso njengesiqhelo. Kwafuneka nje ukuba abonise isakhono esifanelekileyo yaye zilungele nayiphi na imeko.

imisebenzi Political Savitskaya

Kwezopolitiko Savitskaya waba isikhulu kwindlu 1980 yaye emva koko, ngo-1989, yaba ibamba waseUSSR, kwakunye njengelungu le ePhakamileyo yiSoviet USSR. Yaba yinxalenye liKomanisi. Ngowe-1993, oko wabeka phambili umntu unyulo kwi State Duma of the 1st intlanganiso, kodwa ayiphumelelanga. Ekupheleni kukaDisemba 1995, uSvetlana Savitskaya wonyulwa ukuba intlanganiso yesithathu kwakhona wajoyina iqembu Communist Party. Ngo-2003, 2007 no-2011, yena uphinde wonyulwa isekela yangoku State Duma ukusuka Communist Party. Ngoku ke usekela-sihlalo weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ePalamente ukhuseleko kunye ukulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Ekuphetheni

Usomajukujuku yesibini obhinqileyo Valentina Tereshkova waba emva uSvetlana Savitskaya. biography yakhe izele iziganeko ezibalulekileyo. Ubomi umsebenzi ngo-1993 (kunye elikwinqanaba Major) ngokunxulumene umhlalaphantsi kakuhle yayibafanele. USvetlana E. ifumene amawonga ezininzi kunye amabhaso emagxeni wakhe - spacewalk, kukho inani elikhulu imigqaliselo kunye amalinge, imisebenzi yokufundisa.