USofya Pilyavskaya ngumdlali weqhinga elinomxholo obunzima

Umfundi onetalente kaKonstantin Stanislavsky ngokwakhe, nangona efunwa ngumsebenzi wokwenza umsebenzi kunye nobomi obuqulekileyo, akazange azibalule ukuba yikhulu leepesenti. USofya Pilyavskaya wanqoba uthando lomkhosi omkhulu wabantu ababukeli, ebabonisa uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezinto zakhe zokudala. Wayengumfundisi onolwazi, ekhusele i-galaxy yonke yabalingisi, owamva kamva.

Ngenxa yeengqungquthela zakhe zefilimu kunye nemidlalo yezemidlalo, uSofia Pilyavskaya waba ngu- Stalin Prize laureate waza wathola isihloko "esiphakeme" soMculi wabantu beSoviet Union. Nangona kunjalo, wayehlala exineke ngeziganeko ezenzeka kwizihlobo zakhe: wasinda ekufeni komntakwabo nomzalwana wakhe, ukuboshwa kukayise ngo-1937, abahlobo bakhe kunye noogxa bakhe bebedlula ... Kwafuneka ambeke oku kwaye ahlengahlengele iimeko ezintsha ezazisetyenziswe ngaphandle.

Ulwazi lolwazi

USofya Pilyavskaya wazalelwa eKrasnoyarsk ngoMeyi 4, 1911. Iminyaka yobuntwana bakhe bokuba yimpumelelo uMKhATa ukhumbula ngokufudumala. Ummeli uSophia Pilyavskaya, osapho lwakhe oluya ePetrograd emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, emva koko waya eMoscow, akazange aqonde ukuba uyise, uPolly, wayejonge "ngengcamango". Emva kweminyaka emininzi wafunda ukuba umzali wakhe "wayengumdala waseBolshevik" ovela eLenin. Akunakutsholwa ukuba intsapho yakhe yayimpofu. Ngokuphambene noko, kwieholide zonyaka omtsha wathola izipho ezinomsoco ezivela ePoland, abazali bakhe bazama ukungamphiki nantoni na.

Ukususela esikolweni, waba nesithakazelo ekusebenzeni: uthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yasekuseni kunye nezikhwama, apho kwenziwa khona i-mini-performances.

"I-pancake yokuqala i-lumpy"

Kodwa umzamo wokuqala wokuba ngumfundi we-Studio ye-Art Theater Z. S. Sokolova yayingaphumeleli. Isigama sasePoland le ntombazana ladideka ootitshala. Kodwa ukunyamezela nokunyamekela kwabafana "abaseSiberia" bavuzwa. Izifundo ezivela kwiprogram yomlomo zanikezela iziphumo ezilungileyo, kwaye kungekudala isikolo esiphakamileyo sezemidlalo sasinqotshwa.

I-Art Art Theater yaseMoscow

Emva kokufunda kwi-Studio ye-Art Theatre uSoff Pilyavskaya ungena kwingxube ye-Moscow Art Theater. Xa i-fascist yaseJamani yahlasela i-USSR, itempile yaseMelpomene yaxoshwa eSaratov kwaye kuphela ekupheleni kuka-1942 yabuyela kwikomkhulu. Umdlali waseKrasnoyarsk wakhonza kwi-Art Art Theatre malunga neminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ekuqaleni kwendlela yakhe yokudala ubunkokheli beMoscow Art Theatre bendibandakanyeka ekuveliseni iimveliso, njengoko wayeziguqula ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba abe ngabameli be drama yamaSoviet. Nangona kunjalo, kwakungenakunzima ukususa lo mkhwa "wobukhomanisi", ngoko u-Sofya Pilyavskaya (umdlali weMKhAT) angadlala indima eyahlukeneyo, eboniswayo, umzekelo, ngomsebenzi wakhe kwimisebenzi ethi "Umntu Olungileyo" kunye "neSikole Sinology." Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka engama-60 kunye nama-70 ekusebenzeni komntu "waseSiberia" onguyintsikelelo, weza ubunzima bokudala: wanikezwa iindima ezimbalwa.

Sebenza kwi-cinema

Kwi-cinemography, uPilyavskaya akazange adlale indima eninzi, kodwa ngomfanekiso kaChristina Padera kwifilimu ethi "Uqheliselo lwezoTshabalala" (M. Kalatozov, 1950), umdlali we-actress wanikwa iStalin Prize. Abagxeki baphawula umsebenzi wakhe oqaqambileyo ku-Anna Karenina (A. Zarkhi, 1967).

Kwaye, ke, umbukeli wakhumbula uPilyavskaya kwiindima zikaRaisa Pavlovna esithi "Siya kuhlala KuMvulo" (S. Rostotsky, 1967) kunye no-Alisa Vitalievna "kwiSango lePokrovsky" (uMnu Kozakov, 1982).

Ubomi bomntu

Umyeni we-actress nguNikolai Dorokhin, naye ungumdlali we-Moscow Art Theatre. Abaphela behlala ndawonye kakhulu - i heroine yethu yasinda indoda yakhe iminyaka engama-46. Inyaniso yokuba wazama ukubhalisa kwi-NKVD, kwaye akazange avume, kutheni emva kokunye kwaba nokuhlaselwa intliziyo. Eyokuqala yayinguNicholas owayeneminyaka engama-33 ubudala, owokugqibela eneminyaka engama-48 ubudala.

Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi

Ekupheleni kobomi u-Sofya Pilyavskaya akazange avume ukuba ahlanganyele ekwenzeni ifilimu. Wakhetha ukukhokela indlela yokuphila yedwa, ngaphandle kokulibala ukutyelela ngezinye iinkcukacha kwi-Moscow Art Theater School-Studio.

Umdlali we-actress wafa ngoJanuwari 21, 2000. Wangcwatywa eMangcwabeni eNoodevichy kwinqununu, apho abantu bakhe, uKnipper-Chekhov, uNemirovich-Danchenko, kunye noMoskvin, befumene indawo yabo yokuhlala yokugqibela.