Bratya Rayt. Le Ukudaleka ingcinga yokuqala.

AmaMelika uWilbur and Orvil Rayt, ngokungathandabuzekiyo negalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso loyilo moya kunye yokubhabha. Abazalwana ababini, zabaqhubayo ukudala idabi brilliant iimeko zokuphila kunye nesakhono yokucinga ngokudibeneyo kwande eyashiywa ngonaphakade amagama abo kwimbali zobugcisa kunye nenzululwazi. Kodwa ithuba ukubonisa misebenzi yakhe thaca kwangoko. Ixesha elide babesebenza evenkileni yayo - shop bethengisa apho kunye neebhayisekile alungisa (kubandakanywa phantsi brand wayo), oomatshini bokushicilela, Motors kunye nezinye iindlela ezininzi zobugcisa.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha yakhe spare, abazalwana wayekuthanda ukufunda ye neengcali ezahlukeneyo jukwini ezifana Otto Lilienthal, ngelamadoda ilizwi Chanute, Pirport uSamuweli Langley kunye nabanye abaninzi, owathi, ngokukhawuleza kwacaca, yaye iphefumlelwe uWilbur Wright kwingcamango yokuqala, leyo ilandelayo. Emva kokuba uphononongo olude lwe-flight lasezintakeni, wabeka phambili luli ku hypothesis yayo ngendlela elula: "Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba zilinganisa imikhosi eziphathekayo ezisebenzisa intaka ibhabha, ukutshintsha kuphela indawo samaphiko, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izihlunu." Njengazo naziphi na ezinye hypothesis, yena kwakufuneka ubungqina. Ngelo xesha kwakukho abathanda ezininzi ekuthiwa oovulindlela ngenqwelomoya owayezama ukwenza imizekelo efanayo izithuthi moya. Ingakumbi Wilbert ukufa aphefumlelweyo Otto Lilientalya, ogama isiwuza bamangala ngesiquphe umoya waza waziphosa emhlabeni le impumlo, beqhekeza Lilienthal umqolo. Amazwi Lilienthal yokugqibela: "kuxhaphaza ibakho", kwanyanzeleka ukuba nokuguquguquka bejonge ingcamango Wright ngayo waxhuzula-off nokukwazi ukulawula ngobuchule-moya kunye nokhuseleko likhulu umqhubi.

Abazalwana bakhe baqala saqala emhlabeni, ngokwenza iimodeli ezahlukeneyo oontloyiya kunye nezinye izinto, uninzi ezenziwe ngephepha. Ngaphezu koko, umsebenzi wabo kwi studio Wright Cycle Exchange yanika iindawo eziyimfuneko zobugcisa nezakhono ukuzama ukuyila moya. Wright, ixesha ngalinye ngakumbi nangakumbi ukuphuhlisa ingcinga yakhe, wada wenza imifanekiso yokuqala ka-moya yokuqala, ngokusekelwe indlela amathathu moya nasezierheni ujikelezo, leyo, ngokuzenzekelayo, isasetyenziswa nangoku namhlanje. Ngelo xesha kwakukho kakade AMAGQABAZA ▸ injini umphunga, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokohlobo iinjini Yayingekho ngenxa ubunzima wabo onzima. Kodwa ke isakhono Wilber kunye Olvila umsebenzi njengenkqubo, izise ukudaleka izimvo zabo ekudalweni elijikelezayo ekhethekileyo amafutha amancinci injini, leyo incinane kakhulu lobugcisa phambi ngexesha iinjini, kodwa obuphantsi kuzo ngamandla (malunga 8 enjini).

umhla yeMbali yaba December 17, 1903. Kwidolophu Kitty Hawk, phezu ebizwa ngokuba yi-kunxweme yangaphandle North Carolina, ingcamango lokuqala abazalwana Wright, emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama emine yendaleko, ekugqibeleni wafumana ngobuwena yayo ngohlobo -moya. Zonke iinkcukacha abazalwana machine abazenze ngezandla zabo. Kusungulwe kubo ayisindi injini ipetroli iye yanxulunyaniswa ophephela ezimbini ngamatyathanga ibhayisekile. Lo matshini ilawulwa yi emoyeni wayifulela ngamaphiko ngelaphu nomsila amaphini okugwedla. Steering ivili shelwe isaphetha yayisetyenziselwa ukulawula engile bakaKehati yomisa intente.

Ngale mini, ukulungisa isixhobo, Wright ungancedwa abahlanguli zasekuhlaleni. Bathi igama flying umatshini "Iiflaya". Omnye wabo, uJohn Daniels, wayethunywe lokufotha i "Flyer" kwi msebenzi. Okokuqala Yaphaphazela yeza Orville, uWilbur bahlala istopwotshi. Lo moya wokuqala, eyathatha imizuzwana 12, ngoko wabetha abazalwana Wright ukuba Wilber balibala ukuba bayeke istopwotshi kunye Orville wothuka kangangokuba walibala ukuyeka waso, kodwa Daniels ngako konke ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye ngabokuqala ukwenza ifoto ebomini iye yaba yenye idumileyo imbali mboni. Machine Wright flied! Le iindiza zilandelayo ziye elide 52 no-60 eemitha kunye kubude ezintathu ubude ukusuka emhlabeni.

Kwangaloo mini, abazalwana bathumela kuyo iitelegram bayibona zilandelayo kuyise, ubhishophu Evangelical Church, "impumelelo yokuqala moya ezine kusasa ngoLwesine onke iikhilomitha umoya 21 ngesantya umndilili zezulu oziikhilomitha 31 elide imizuzwana 57 ukwazisa cinezela ekhaya Sonwabile iKrismesi." Xa umsebenzisi kusungulwe wabuza ukuba kudlule iindaba umhlobo wakho osebenza kwiphephandaba lasekuhlaleni, Bratya Rayt wala, babefuna iindaba yokusabela kwabo bathengisa ukusuka yakowabo Dayton wabo. Kodwa kusungulwe, nangoku ukukhathaza uvaliwe, waba ulwazi ukuvuza. Kungekudala, umhlobo wakhe, intatheli isiphukuphuku E. Moore, ngubani na efuna ngamandla umxholo elilodwa inqaku Upapashe zonakaliswa-99% ye-manqaku, okwenze umsebenzi wakhe.

Ngoko ke, i Bratya Rayt wabonisa umzekelo ngamandla kwengcamango yoluntu kunye nokuphunyezwa kwayo phezu ukuguqulwa lwehlabathi.