Umzekelo lampoon koonondaba ka khulu lokugqibela leminyaka kwaye umzekelo inqaku satirical elikwiphephandaba yesikolo

Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba igama elithi "News". Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uyayazi kwabonakala ngayo. Ingakumbi ukususela bambalwa abantu bayazi njani ukuba ubhale olu hlobo loncwadi. Eli nqaku liza kubalaselisa imiba kwaye lunika umzekelo satires, ezithatyathwe kumaphephandaba zenkulungwane lokugqibela.

Le etymology lo gama

Izichazi bathi eli lizwi kwanawezayo kuthi, evela eFransi. Eguqulelwe kuvakala ngathi i "sheet" okanye "sheet". Kwaye wacinga kuqala mfutshane isincoko, isincoko okanye inqaku. Umzekelo wokuqala feuilleton elalipapashwe kwiphephandaba 1800 kumaphepha ezongezelelweyo.

Emva koko, ngo-1803, lo mhleli undolulele omnye amaphepha, yahlukanisa esimhlophe ongaphantsi. Kubalulekile ukuba uyakwazi ngoku ube ngumzekelo ukuze ufunde inqaku. Yena ngokuqhelekileyo esasifake ukonwabisa,-mthetho olungenazipolitiki okanye zorhwebo.

Oko kukuthi, igama elithi "lampoon" yavela ngenkulungwane ye-19. Noko ke, ingcamango yanamhlanje elolu hlobo ilizwi waba nto.

Imbali uhlobo feuilleton

abagxeki boncwadi bathi umzekelo yokuqala feuilleton kwi Ngokwengcamango mihla yabhalwa ngu uVoltaire. Nakuba kusenokuba wabaseki olu hlobo baba Diderot okanye Freron. Enoba kunjalo, kuyaziwa ukuba eli abathathu ngenkulungwane ye-18, isiqalo somzabalazo yezopolitiko kunye eseyi, capacious, satirical yaye banempoxo.

Xa piece Russian satirical wabonakala kuqala ngo-1820. Yaye kuqala, ezifana eFransi, kwenziwa zokuzonwabisa kumajelo eendaba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Newsprint eyinyani, indlela ntetho waba bar esezantsi apho ngokwemigaqo nobuciko. Yiyo loo nto nanamhlanje abantu ngamanye amaxesha usebenzisa ilizwi kunye ngabeka, umthunzi ethoba isidima ngemisebenzi ngokuphandle buthathaka zoncwadi.

Namhlanje ke feuilleton waba amanqaku ezibukhali okanye izincoko, bahlekisa iintsilelo ubomi mihla. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kukho uhlobo abstract-analytical, okanye isekelwe kwizibakala ezithile, tsalela nxaxheba isiganeko abonise kwixesha lesiganeko.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe wemihlathi ezimangalisayo ezifana ngubani na odale umsebenzi kuba namhlanje ziyahlonelwa ze uhlobo: USamuweli Clemens (Marko Tven), A. Averchenko, Sasha Black (A. Glikberg), Taffy (N. Buchynska). Kamva eRashiya waba feuilletonists aziwayo amagama afana uMikhail Zoshchenko, I. Ilf kunye Petrov, M. Bulgakov.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-20 eRashiya waba magazini "Crocodile" uyathandwa kakhulu, ethe nje ziqokelelwe satires ngesihloko bemini. Ngamanye amaxesha uvuthondaba indlala, kuxhotyiswa oko impoxo, ukuba ngabo wawusalathiswa, ngokwengqiqo emitsha eli gama ezimbi.

"Kuba isela, kwaye ... impahla uluhlaza!" (News)

Umzekelo lephephandaba eveliswa kwidolophu encinane phakathi kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, kuya kubonisa indlela yokubhala amanqaku kule uhlobo.

"Amaxesha amaninzi wathi njani abongamele idolophi S. abemi nabo ukuthi ugly utshontsha ebusika amanzi ashushu ukusuka kumbhobho, ukubonelela ubushushu esibhedlele wesixeko. Kodwa kubahlali abakufutshane lwecandelo labucala zange aphendule yale minxeba.

Kwaye ngoko ke ulawulo oye amanyathelo kakhulu. Amanzi atyhutyhela kwinkqubo ubushushu esibhedlele, umchiza sele zichithakala nje, cishe imperceptible kwi isisombululo. Noko ke, xa amanzi yomile le nto iya iba enetyhefu eluhlaza. Oku Administration isixeko yazisa abemi, echaza ukuba uxhulumaniso olungagunyaziswanga yombhobho Kuchasene nomthetho.

Ngokoqobo ngosuku olulandelayo ukuba intloko iqabane ofisi yolawulo isixeko C Okopenkova AP, soyise yonke imiqobo ebusweni unobhala Zoya kunye izicoci-anti UMarusya, aphula nomsindo umhlali Petrova MN kunye neqela sheets enobuhlungu eluhlaza, pillowcases, kunye neehempe abantu izifundo aliqela yangasese ababhinqileyo zohlobo osenyongweni.

Petrova uthe intetho nomsindo womlilo nxamnye Okopenkova kunye nabo babekunye naye, apho wandidla iinkokheli isixeko zonke izono, ukususela ukunxila umyeni wakhe, uyise indoda yakhe kunye uyise kayise yomyeni wakhe kunye green nawokugqiba kwendalo ezoyikekayo kwimpahla, ufakwe kwi kukoma.

Zonke iingxoxo intloko wolawulo, MN akazange afune ukuphulaphula efuna ingcaciso ebhaliweyo kwakunye imbuyekezo ngemali izinto ezaphukileyo. UQabane Okopenko AP kwanyanzeleka ukuba ethule MN incazelo ngummi ... uze uyithabathe kwiNkundla yaBantu.

Ngokwenene ekunene, abo bathi: "Ngomhla yesela cap off" Xa imbali wethu, iye ubunzima kuphela mnqwazi ... "

Yintoni satires zikhule?

kakhulu kwimfuno ezi amanqaku ahlekisayo okanye satirical kwimidiya esikolweni ezifana print kunye nodonga kumaphephandaba okanye kwiimagazini. Kodwa indlela yokubhala News? Imizekelo amanqaku satirical mihla mfutshane namhlanje kukuninzi afumaneka blog, kwakunye be, izimvo kwi social networks yaye kwiiforam ezahlukeneyo. Ngapha koko, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na, nkqu iziganeko encinci iyakwazi ukwenza i News ngokupheleleyo.

Umzekelo: School kunye nabafundi kufuneka inqaku kwiphephandaba eludongeni. Thatha imeko funny: ivanov Sergey ukusuka kwibanga 5 kuzo zonke izindululo ootitshala aqala asabela impendulo efanayo: "Ndiza Bobik, nokuba" awukagqitywa ngebali ukuze lampoon?

"Ndiza Bobik, yintoni?"

"Abahlobo! Qaphela: nathi esikolweni ibaleka werewolf! Uye kakhulu imilo rhoqo, phantse yinto enzima abantu. Yena unika ngokwakhe ibinzana elithi "Ndiza Bobik, yintoni?", Leliphi, sanga kushukunyiswa ukwala ukwenza nayiphi na ootitshala ukunikelwa. Kwaoko ke, emveni kwezi zinto, ngokukhuthala yena uwugcinayo umsebenzi. Ngoko ke, lo "nebobik" uzama ukufihla kuyiphi ukuze abantu bezinye ihlabathi.

Friends! Lumka! Thina enyuka phakathi kwabantu, uBobby! "