Umsebenzi wezabasebenzi - yintoni na? Ulwakhiwo kunye neempawu

Ikhowudi yeMisebenzi yeRashiya Federation (iCandelo le-15) ichaza umxholo wegama "umsebenzi wezabasebenzi". Lo ngumsebenzi owenziwa ngumntu ohlala kwindawo ethile eyingxenye yetafile yabasebenzi kunye neqondo elithile. Ngexesha elifanayo, usebenzisa ulwazi, izakhono, amava ngaphakathi kwimiba yakhe kunye nokuzikhethela. Umsebenzi wezabasebenzi ngenye yeengcamango ezibaluleke kakhulu kumqeshi ngexesha lokungena kwesivumelwano kunye nabangaphantsi. Ngaphandle kweminye imiba yomthetho, inquma umxholo wale xwebhu. Ukongezelela, umsebenzi wezakhono ngumgaqo ojikelezayo apho isakhiwo somgangatho wesakhono sakhiwa .

Injongo yegama elithi "umgangatho"

Ingcamango yemigangatho yobugcisa eyavela ngo-2012 ihambelana ngokusondeleyo kunye neziqinisekiso kunye namanqanaba ayo. Enyanisweni, kubandakanya inani leempawu ukuba abasebenzi kufuneka bafezekise umsebenzi wesivumelwano somsebenzi. Umsebenzi womsebenzi womqeshwa ukhululeke kakhulu ngamakhono akhe, imfundo kunye noqeqesho. Ukufaneleka kukuba nolwazi, izakhono, izakhono zobugcisa namava omntu, kumvumela ukuba enze imisebenzi ethile. Oku kubandakanya nenqanaba lobugcisa bakhe.

Kungathiwa yi-qualification echaphazela indlela umqeshwa eya kuhlawulwa ngayo, nokuba ingawa phantsi kweprogram yokunciphisa abasebenzi, ingaba iya kufumana ukwanda okanye ithuba lokuqeqeshwa. Ubuchule bamalungu obuqokelelweyo buxhomekeke kwimpumelelo yomsebenzi ngamnye wombutho. Ukuba idatha kwimfundo efunyenweyo, umsebenzi wangaphambili kunye nempumelelo yecandelo elingaphantsi alikwazi ukubonakaliswa ngamaxwebhu ahlukeneyo (idiploma, isitifiketi, irekhodi yokuvuselela, incwadi yezincomo), ngoko-ke ukuzimisela okuqinisekileyo kwinqanaba le-qualification kuba ngumsebenzi onzima.

Enyanisweni, isigqibo esenziwa ngumntu ukuba enze umsebenzi othile wezabasebenzi singenziwa kuphela ngesiseko seziphumo zesatifikethi. Imeko ebalulekileyo yokuziphatha kwayo yinkqubo eyenzelwe kakuhle yokuvavanya ulwazi kunye nezakhono, kwakunye nokuhlolwa okwaneleyo kwedatha.

Yiyiphi "umsebenzi" kunye "nobuchule"?

Ukuze ukwazi ukuchaza ngokupheleleyo intsingiselo kunye neempawu zengcamango yomsebenzi wezabasebenzi, kubalulekile ukuchaza imigangatho emininzi eyisiseko. Ubugcisa bubhekiselele kumsebenzi othile owenziwa ngumntu owenza umvuzo. Ngokwenza njalo, usebenzisa isethi esithile yolwazi lwemfundiso, kunye namava kunye nezakhono. Uhlobo oluthile lulwazi nolwazi umntu azuzuza emva koqeqesho olukhethekileyo, kunye nesiphumo samava athile. Bafuna ukuba enze uhlobo oluthile lwezenzo zobugcisa.

Ukuqhubela phambili kulo, sinokuthi isicatshulwa sesibini sincinci kunokuqala. Emva koko, uqeqesho olulodwa ngumqeshwa lowo msebenzi. Makhe sijonge kule ntetho kwimimiselo ethile. Umzekelo, umpheki ngumsebenzi. Kuquka ukufumaneka kwezakhono nolwazi malunga nendlela yokusebenza kunye nokutya. Ngelo xesha, uqeqesho oluyisiseko lubandakanya ezi zinto zilandelayo: i-confectioner, kneader, ubuchwepheshe bokupheka nabanye.

Umgangatho wobugcisa: umsebenzi wezabasebenzi kunye nesiseko salo

Umxholo womsebenzi wezabasebenzi ochazwe kumgangatho wobungcali uquka ezi zinto njengezenzo zemfundo. Izakhono, izakhono nolwazi zifakiwe apha. Ukuqhubela phambili kwinto yokuba umgangatho wesigxina uchaza ukuba ngabaqeshwa beshishini benza ntoni kwindawo yokusebenzela, ingqwalasela enkulu kunakhokhelwa kwinto yokuqala. Ku malunga nezenzo. Ukwaziswa kwesi sici kukuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise iimfuno zezakhono zeengcali kunye nomxholo wemisebenzi yakhe.

Enyanisweni, kwinqanaba elinobuchule, umsebenzi wezabasebenzi uchazwa ngeenkcukacha ezingancinci. Ushiya umqeshi isigqibo malunga nokuqeshelwa ngumqeshwa ngesakhono esaneleyo. Ngemvume yamacandelo, umntu ongagqithanga umqeshi ngezinto ezithile zomgangatho oqhelekileyo unokufumana uqeqesho ngokuzihlawula ngokwakhe (okanye ngexabiso lomqeshi).

Umgangatho osemgangathweni womgangatho

Isakhiwo salolu xwebhu siquka ulwazi olulandelayo:

• Umsebenzi wezabasebenzi. Umsebenzi owenziwe ngumntu ohlala kwindawo ethile uba sisiseko sokwenza inkcazo yomsebenzi. Kuchazwe kwakhona kwingqesho yesivumelwano.
• Isethi yolwazi nezakhono ezifunekayo ekuphunyezweni komsebenzi ngamnye womsebenzi. Olu lwazi luyimfuneko ukuze kufezekiswe ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo ngempumelelo izatifikethi zabasebenzi.
• Ingxowa yolwazi lobuchwepheshe iba yindlela ephezulu yokufumana ukuba umqeshwa ulungele ukwenza imisebenzi yakhe.
• Uluhlu lweempawu zemfundo. Idatha kwimfundo, uqeqesho, uqeqesho olongezelelweyo, amava omsebenzi acacisiwe. Le ngcaciso isetyenziswe njengemithintelo ephambili kwinkqubo yokuqesha, ukunciphisa, ubungqinisiso, ukufakwa kwiindawo zokugcina abasebenzi. Kwakhona, ulwazi lubalulekile ekuphunyezweni kwezinye iinkqubo, kubandakanywa ukucaciswa kweempawu ezithile zemfundo.

Ukutyunjwa komgangatho wezakhono

Kuba umqeshi, eli xwebhu liba yindawo yokubhekisela kunye nesiseko sokuncedisa isigqibo malunga nokuqeshwa komqeshwa (ukunciphisa, ukudluliselwa, ukuqeqeshwa). Ngethuba elifanayo, nawuphi na umntu unelungelo lokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo izakhono zobuchule kunye nobuchule kulabo abachazwe ngumgangatho. Le ndlela inenjongo kakhulu kulabo abanomncinci ocacileyo kwaye bafuna umsebenzi. Emva koko, ulwazi lwenkqubo yokuvavanya ikuvumela ukuba ufunde ngokuchanekileyo oko kuqukwe kumsebenzi wezenzo zabasebenzi. Ungathethi ukuba ngamanye amaxesha kuya kuququzelela ukuhamba kwesibonakaliso.

Iinkcukacha ezithile zomgangatho wesigangatho azidingekanga kuzo zonke iindawo ezizodwa. Kakade, kukho ezo zakhono apho ukufumaneka kwe-diploma yeprofayili kuya kuba yimfuneko. Lo ngugqirha, utitshala, igqwetha kunye nezinye izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi. Abasebenzi abanjengozo zikhundla kufuneka babonise ulwazi olukhethekileyo kunye nezakhono. Kwaye ekuqeshweni kwabo umqeshi kufuneka ikhokelwe ngumgangatho ophezulu. Nangona kunjalo, inani lezakhono lingazenza ngaphandle kwemida eqinile. Emva koko, ukuhlolwa kokuthotyelwa komqeshwa kwisithuba esele sithonywe yimarike okanye eyenziwa ngumqeshi. Oku kufanelekileyo kubasebenzi beendaba, abo babhala amanqaku, ukuphononongwa okanye amazwana.

Xa inkqubo yokwenza isiseko somthetho ngokusetyenziswa kwemigangatho yobugcisa iza kugqitywa, iya kuba yinto enyanzelekileyo yokuvavanya abasebenzi beziko lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, amashishini angamanyano kunye nemibutho ephantsi kolawulo loluntu. Okokuthi, imisebenzi yomsebenzi wotitshala, isisebenzi seposi, amagosa kunye nezinye iingcali ziya kuphawulwa ngokucacileyo.

Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo komgangatho wobungcali ekulawuleni ishishini labucala

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abanikazi beenkampani kunye namafemu angaboniyo, asemgangathweni aphuhlise imigangatho yobugcisa inokubaluleka kakhulu. Benza lula kakhulu ulawulo lwabasebenzi kunye nokuphunyezwa komgaqo wabasebenzi. Zisekelwe kwiintsebenzo zobudlelwane. Imisebenzi yabasebenzi be-HR ingenziwa ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi ngokufanelekileyo:

• Iimfuno zomgangatho wobugcisa zisetyenziselwa ukuzalisa isithuba kunye nokuqhuba udliwano-ndlebe nabafakizicelo.
• Uphuhliso lweenkcazo zemisebenzi lwenziwe ngokwamalungiselelo achazwe kuloxwebhu.
• Umgangatho wobungcali uncedo xa ufuna ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yophuhliso lomsebenzi kumqeshwa.
• Umsebenzi wezabasebenzi ngumxholo oyintloko, ochazwe kumgangatho wobungcali. Ngoko ke, uxwebhu lungasetyenziswa kwinkqubo yee-certification activities.
• Ukuqeshwa kwabasebenzi, ngokusekelwe kwimimiselo yemigangatho yemfundo, kuya kuba namandla, okugqibeleleyo kunye nokuhlawuleza ukuhlawula (ukuchithwa kwemali yokusebenza, ukunikezelwa kwerhafu yentlawulo, ukulungiswa kwemilinganiselo yomvuzo).

Inkcazo, iintlobo nemisebenzi yengqesho yesivumelwano

Umbhalo ophambili kunye nobaluleke kakhulu olawula ubudlelwane phakathi komqeshwa kunye nomqeshi yintrakthi yengqesho. Imiqathango yalo yintloko yolu xwebhu. Imisebenzi yesikontraki yengqesho yindlela yokuqulunqwa kwamalungelo kunye neembopheleleko zamalungu, umxholo womsebenzi womqeshwa, umqondiso wemivuzo yokusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi kunye nezohlwayo zokuphula umthetho ochaziweyo. Olu xwebhu lubhaliweyo. Ikopi enye yowomqeshi, okwesibini ihlala nomqeshwa. Umntu unokuvunyelwa ukuba asebenze emva kokuba asayinwe kwaye asayinwe.

Kukho iindidi ezilandelayo zeenkontileka zengqesho:

1. Intolongo ngexesha elithile.
2. Ukuchaza ulwalamano lwengqesho, ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu (ngaphandle kokuba elinye ixesha lichazwe kumthetho wezemithetho).
3. Elingapheliyo.

Iikhontrakthi ezigqityiweyo ixesha elide, kodwa zingagqitywanga, zibhekwa njengezingunaphakade. Yiyo imeko xa umqeshi sele egqibile isivumelwano somsebenzi kwisithuba esinqinciweyo ngaphandle kwesizathu esaneleyo (sinobulungisa kwimibango okanye inkundla).

Isiqulatho sekhontraki yengqesho

Ngenxa yokuba imisebenzi esemqoka yesivumelwano sezengqesho ihambelana nomthetho wezomthetho ngemimandla eyahlukeneyo yemisebenzi kunye nobudlelwane phakathi komqeshwa kunye nenkampani, ulwazi oluchazwe kuyo kufuneka luchaneke ngokuchanekileyo, luchaneke kwaye lugqibe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli xwebhu liquka idatha elandelayo:

• Igama lomntu, igama lokuqala kunye nomntu ongu-patronymic womqeshwa. Kwakhona negama elipheleleyo lenkampani okanye igama lomqeshi (kubaqeshi-ngabanye), imisebenzi yombutho wabasebenzi.
• Inkcazo yamaphepha asebenza njengekhadi lesazisi.
• Inani labachongi beerhafu. Ukuba umqeshi ngamnye akayena umntu osomashishini, le nto ayiphuthelwa.
• Ukuba kunyanzelekile, bonise idatha malunga nabangenayo kwikontrakthi yengqesho endaweni yomqeshi (umphathi, intloko yesebe).
• Ulwazi malunga nemisebenzi eya kufuneka ukuba yenziwe ngumqeshwa.
• Ulwazi malunga nomvuzo kunye nenkqubo yokukhuthaza.
• Izigwebo kunye noxanduva lokuphula isivumelwano.
• Iimeko apho inguqu yomsebenzi webasebenzi ingasebenza.
• Kuphi na apho isivumelwano sagqitywa khona.

Ngengqiqo yentloko yenkampani, olu luhlu lunokuncediswa ngamacandelo amaninzi. Ukuba lo mbhalo awuqukethe idatha echazwe kumthetho, oku akubavumeli ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba kulwalamano lwengqesho bahambelane nemithetho ebophayo.

Uluhlu lwemisebenzi yoluntu jikelele yomqeshwa

I-RF TC iyahlula imisebenzi yabasebenzi abaqeshiweyo kwiintlobo ezimbini: eziqhelekileyo nezizodwa. Ngokwe-Art. 21, kwinqanaba lokuqala liquka:

1. Ukusebenza ngokunyanisekileyo kwemisebenzi yabasebenzi echazwe kwisivumelwano.
2. Ukuthobela imithetho yangaphakathi yenkampani.
3. Ukuhambelana nokuqeqeshwa komsebenzi.
4. Ukuzaliseka kwemigangatho yabasebenzi.
5. Ukuqwalasela imigaqo ngokuphathelele ukhuseleko kunye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi.
6. Isimo sokunyamekela kwipropati yomqeshi kunye nabalingane. Isimo esifanayo sifanele sibe kwipropati engabanye abantu, kodwa yinkalo yenkampani.
7. Ukuxela kubaphathi malunga neemeko ezisongela intembeko yepropati ebonakalayo okanye impilo yabantu.

Ezi mfuno zizinto eziqhelekileyo. Ziyimfuneko malunga naliphi na ishishini okanye inhlangano.

Imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yabasebenzi yabasebenzi

Ngokuxhomekeke kububanzi benkampani, ubunzima bebhayisiki kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi, isivumelwano sekhontrakthi singabhala uluhlu lwemisebenzi ethile apho umqeshwa kufuneka asombulule kwixesha elizayo. Uluhlu lwale mi sebenzi lusekelwe kwitheyibhile yabasebenzi, izinga lemfundo yomqeshwa kunye nenkcazelo yomsebenzi.

Iingcaciso zemisebenzi zenziwe njani?

Iinkcazo zeJob zenziwa kwinkqubo yoshishino, xa isiseko esiphezulu sophuhliso lwabasebenzi luphuhliswa. Kungenziwa kwakhona kwinkqubo yokusebenza kwenkampani. Emva koko uhlobo lwalo xwebhu luya kutshintshwa ubudlelwane bezabasebenzi eziye zaphuhliswa kwiqela. I-Algorithm, ngokungqinelana naloo dokethi idalwe, phantse njalo. Iquka amanyathelo amaninzi alandelayo:

1. Ukulungiselela (ukufundiswa kokuqukethwe kwamaphepha omthetho olawulayo olawula imisebenzi yabasebenzi).
2. Ukuphuhliswa kweprojekthi.
3. Thumela iprojekthi ukuba ivume.
4. Ukuqinisekiswa kweprojekthi kunye nokuvunywa kwayo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo umsebenzi wokwenza iinkcazo zemisebenzi kwishishini lwenziwa ngutitshala. Ubonisa inkonzo yolawulo lwabasebenzi. Ukongezelela, inokwenziwa yintloko yesebe (apho umsebenzi uya kusebenza) okanye umqeshwa kunye nomphathi wakhe. Isigqibo sokuba ngubani oza kubandakanywa ekuphuhlisweni kweprojekthi kuthathwa ngumqeshi. Unokukhetha umqeshwa omnye okanye iqela. Okwangoku, umthetho awucacisi isakhiwo esicacileyo kunye nomxholo wenkcazo yomsebenzi. Ngako oko, phantse njalo inomntu ngamnye.

Imisebenzi yomqeshwa ingabonakaliswa kokubili kwinkcazo yomsebenzi kunye nkonkontileka yengqesho. La maxwebhu ancedisa kunye kwaye achaze omnye nomnye. Ukusemthethweni kunye nokusemthethweni kuya kwenzeka kuphela xa umqeshwa eyaziwayo kwaye uyavumelana nemisebenzi yakhe. Oku kuqinisekisiwe ngokusayinwa kwayo. Ubugcisa. 22 I-TC RF iyalela umqeshi ukuba azise abaphantsi kwakhe malunga nomsebenzi womsebenzi, iinkcukacha zayo, ukulinganiselwa kunye neziphumo ezinobungozi. Kufuneka kwakhona aqinisekise ukuba abasebenzi bayayifunda kwaye basayine imimiselo yendawo ekhoyo efanelekileyo ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yabasebenzi abangaphantsi. Umqeshwa ngamnye kufuneka ukuba azifunde ngokubanzi.

Uxanduva lokuphulwa kwekhontrakthi yengqesho

Kwimeko apho umqeshwa engagqibekanga umsebenzi wakhe (okanye enze ngokungenasiphelo), ophula umthetho owamkelekileyo, owonakalisa ipropati yeshishini ngezenzo zakhe okanye ukungenzi lutho, unyanzeliswa noluleko. Ingathatha ifom yezimvo, ukuhlaziya, ukuchithwa okanye ukuxothwa. Ukuba ikhonkco ye-causal isungulwe phakathi kwemisebenzi yenkampani yenkampani kunye nomonakalo owenziwe, umphathi unokugqiba isigqibo sokuba athathe uxanduva. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umqeshi uyazimela ngokuzimeleyo isohlwayo sokuphulaphula. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko (ulwaphulo-mthetho lwesimo sobugebengu), ukubandakanyeka kwabameli bee-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho kuya kuba yimfuneko.