Umphini, "Ibhadi": ukulungiswa kunye nokutshintshwa

Shaft PTO yinxalenye yenkqubo isilumkiso kweenqwelo ngokupheleleyo okanye ngasemva-wheel drive. Olu phawu esetyenziswa ukudlulisa torque esuka kwibhokisi phambi okanye enye imeko transfer ukuya asi ngasemva okanye ngaphambili. shaft Cardan kwi "Ibhadi" wenza lo msebenzi. Makhe sijonge isakhiwo, kwakunye bafunde ukugcina ukuyilungisa njani.

Ukusuka kwimbali emigodini nenjini

Val wayesaziwa yi igama Umsunguli waso, apho wayesebenza indalo yayo. Oku liyincutshe Italian amayeza nakwimathematika - Girolamo Cardano. Elo xesha lokuqala kunye indlela phezu kwiihenjisi, apho namhlanje kunokwenzeka ukudibanisa iindawo ejikelezayo kunye neendibano kwakhe.

Iingcali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba joint lokuqala jikelele yaqanjwa uLeonardo da Vinci. Indawo umdla kakhulu kukuba nombhali wolu phuhliso angathanda ukuba omnye umntu. Oku Robert Huk, kodwa ilungelo lakhe, akaba nako ukufumana ilungelo. Wacel ngayo kamva.

Sebenzisa uyilo kule moto yaba ngo-1898. Eyokuqala yaba Lui eteno. Kuyinto elula kodwa kwangaxeshanye kakuhle kakhulu drive, apho namhlanje phantse kuphela ukhetho olukhoyo ukudluliselwa torque. Namhlanje, phantse zonke iintlobo zezithuthi usebenzisa kwizikhondo elijikelezayo.

"Ibhadi": iyunithi isikhondo

Le element ibe yinxalenye driveline. Oku, luyinto nesibili eliphakathi, isekela esiphakathi, shaft adjustable kunye yeehenjisi ezintathu. Siqwalasela ngamnye kubo.

countershaft

Le ibandla yenziwa umbhobho umngxuma ezenziwe ingxubevange ngentsimbi. Le peculiarity ye shaft - umbhobho ngeendonga ezibhityileyo. Ngasemva Ekupheleni isabelo shank busisigxina kwi shaft leyo splines yangaphandle. Isiphelo somphambili Inxalenye shaft unalo plug okhethekileyo. Le plug ngokusebenzisa lomnyango ekhethekileyo eqhotyoshelwe kwiplagi nganye ihamba. Kule nxalenye kukho umngxuma lwangaphakathi splined kunye gryazeotrazhatel isicelo.

fork phambi

Le inkcukacha ifakwe kwi elandisiweyo kp yezindlu angasemva. Yena ukwenza kunye splines ehlahliweyo kwi shaft eziziisekondari. Xa kwabangela kumiswa diff, propshaft ( "Ibhadi" okanye "Valdai", akunamsebenzi) inga siwa longitudinally. Ukuze abuyekeze kakhulu ngenxa bentshukumo, lo shank inga siwa ecaleni isahlulo splined be shaft yesibini transaxle. Le uxhulumaniso nisoloko ngokusisigxina ioli, nto leyo ifumaneka e-PPC crankcase.

inkxaso intermediate

Le nto yenziwe ngerabha. Yena yenyuka. Ngenxa ngaphakathi kwale nkxaso eziqhagamshelene ibhola yokuhlanganisa Ukunikela hlwele. Kwicala elingaphandle babonelelwa isibiyeli ngenkxaso ekhethekileyo.

Ashinyeneyo irabha akavumi ukudluliselwa kokukona inqande ukosuleleka yentshukumo ukuya amalungu omzimba, kodwa kunika ithuba iintshukumo driveline ecaleni esqwini longitudinal.

Isibiyeli kunye nezitshixo makaqhotyoshelwe ngokuthe crossmember isakhelo isithuthi.

Ukunikela, nto leyo imvelaphi inyuselwa khona kwinkxaso, unobomi inkonzo ende kakhulu. Yena ayifuni zolondolozo ngethuba yonke yobomi yayo ukonakala.

shaft diff wenza ukusuka kumbhobho kuhlinzwa ngeendonga ezingcakacileyo, kodwa zifihle kwiziqephu ekupheleni yokwela. Kwamalungu abakhethekileyo inxalenye phambi fixed slotted iplagi ekumgangatho ophakathi. Yena, ke, busisigxina kwinxalenye splined ye shaft eliphakathi. Ngoko ke, lokuqala ukuxhasa kwizikhondo elijikelezayo. "Ibhadi" zigqityiwe kunye plug ngakumbi. Kule piece ayithethi sihambise ngawo kwiindawo zokubeka, ngaphandle kokuba ethole oqondela kwiplagi. Kwelinye icala adjustable esebenzisa shaft cross enyusiweyo esisangqa leyo eye ibhanti egxile okhethekileyo. Le esisangqa okwenziwa bolting yokudlulisa engundoqo wheel drive izixhobo kwi PPC.

propshaft Joint

Shaft lixhotyiswe lomnyango, equka iifolokhwe, ngokunjalo iminqamlezo. Yena ke kuyilo lakhe iibheringi ezine inaliti. Ngalinye lokuzala ebuhlanti 20 liye roller. ububanzi yabo 2 mm. Ezi iinaliti ziveliswa kwizixhobo phezulu-ngqo. Bona ezikhethiweyo ngokukodwa abathwali nebandla ezinqanyulezisiweyo. Musa ukuzama ukubuyisela iinaliti, apho zisuswe iibheringi ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona engamkelekanga kuphela indawo cardan cross shaft. "Ibhadi" kwaye ayikwazi kulungiswa, esikhundleni kuphela ezinye iibheringi. Yintoni na uvumelekile, ekubeni ukutshintshwa iseti lonke liphela. Kufuneka ingananwa, nokuba umonakalo enye kuphela ukuthwala single.

Kuba ukuthambisa ajikeleze of spider umntu ofanelekayo grease. Ngenxa yokuba le grease neengono zithi, apho ngokuzitofela isirinji iwela izileyi ibhekiselele imiphantsi ethambisayo xa iqatyiwe embilwini. Nakwioli igcineke ngaphakathi, onesishunqwana mayixhotyiswe rubber cuff okhethekileyo. Okwangoku le isitofu ukuthambisa ajikeleze cuff intwasahlobo bulukwe neoli kwemfuneko aqukuqela ephuma ebuhlanti.

A ebizwa inaliti licinezelwe kungena emngxunyeni, neefolokhwe ngokuchanekileyo nokugcina amakhonkco.

La malungu lubricated yi-oyile izixhobo siko, akusoloko lula kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, kwepali i plug kufuneka azaliswe ioli rhoqo. Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise igrisi ukubunjwa №158. Le grease eshinyene kunjalo, ukuba uya kukulibala malunga iibheringi kwi isigcawu ixesha elide.

Iingxaki Common

Njengayo nayiphi na inxalenye, oluthi bendiza ( "Ibhadi" kule nkalo akukho ngaphandle) lungangaphumeleli. Kodwa iingxaki ezininzi ingasombululwa. Makhe sijonge isiphoso nokungundoqo esiludumbo.

Iingxaki ezinxulumene ne lokungcangcazela

Ngoko ke, ukuba ukungcangcazela ziviwa ezinzileyo xa uqhuba, kunokwenzeka ukuba deformation shaft ityhubhu yenzekile. Ukuze kulungiswe le akukho mfuneko ukusebenzisa nawaphi na amanyathelo akhethekileyo okanye ezinzima. Amaxesha amaninzi, endaweni nje umbhobho ngokupheleleyo okanye kungenjalo iyalele ukulungiswa emigodini cardan. "Ibhadi" ungalungiseka kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile umzimba, apho ukusetyenziswa enze umsebenzi ofanayo. Ekwenzeni ukutshintshwa okanye ukulungiswa inyanzelekile balancing shaft.

Koko deformation umbhobho lokungcangcazela kunokwenzeka ukuba buthathaka ngokuqinisa ngasemva mqengqeleki lokungqinga ibhulorho.

Oku kunokwenziwa kakhulu ngokuzimeleyo tsala uxhulumaniso Balls.

Kudla intlokoma zenzeka ngenxa ukwahlulwa kukulungelelanisa plate ithumbu umphini. Kulo mzekelo, ukutshintshwa umbhobho okanye kwisitishi sayo inkonzo yokulungisa. Ke kaloku kuya kufuneka ukuba enze yokulinganisa.

Ukuba intshukumo ziviwa kuzinza ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola umba ngenxa yokudlala kunokwenzeka kule iibheringi. Nantsi into ngamampunge ukuyilungisa, kwaye sizohlukana intlokoma ukunceda iminqamlezo indawo propshaft. "Ibhadi" emva msebenzi uza kuba ngathi omtsha.

Ukuba beats kuvandlakanywa obizwa ikhola reducer izixhobo esisangqa kwi le asi ngasemva, kukho Kwanele ukubuyisela esisangqa. Ukuba ebetha i plug sisihla ngokwemeko CPR kakhulu elide, kufuneka indawo ulwandiso PPC. Le banxibe kungenxa ukunxiba ezi bushings stalebabbita.

Kwimeko apho ukwanda nokuvuma kwi unxibelelwano kunye kwiindawo zokubeka, ukuba iibheringi azityekanga okanye niwele shaft bendiza, "Ibhadi" ukhandwa ngokususa iindawo ezindala kunye nabantu abatsha.

Ukwehluleka kubonakele xa ukhupha cardan

Ngelishwa, asiyiyo yonke iziqalelo ngxaki kubonwa ngethuba lokuqhuba. iziphene ezininzi zafunyanwa kuphela emva kokuba ukususwa okanye ukulungisa.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ezivuzayo ioli evela kumalungu lomnyango, libonisa ukuba cuff, ekufuneka igcine le oyile yonakele. Kufuneka kube lula ukuba indawo. Ukuba cap esijikeleziswa kunye ikhola, esi sigcawu cardan ithathwa nesibili balancing ke liphela.

Ukuba emva kokuba run-40 000 ioli km akuthethi kumpompoza aphume ivelufa stem zonke cuffs, ngoko ke kufuneka enze ulungiso amancinci. Ukuba kunzima ukuqonda ukuba ibattery indlela shaft bendiza ( "Ibhadi"), iindawo ifoto amanqaku zethu kuya kunceda kakhulu ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuzisusa disassembly. Umzekelo, ukwenza ukulungisa, kufuneka asuse ukudluliselwa, ibattery iihenjisi, bavelise amajelo yokuqaba ezicocekileyo umnqamlezo, ukuba endaweni emthonjeni garter uwafake ezizibeni amatywina. Emva koko kufuneka uqokelele zonke umva kwaye kwi balancing shaft ukunika.

Indlela ukususa umphini ukusuka imoto?

Kufuneka senze ntoni ukuze enze ukulungisa emigodini cardan? "Ibhadi" kufuneka ilungiswe ukuba umsebenzi. Kuyinto inkqubo elula, kodwa kufuneka uyazi inkqubo echanekileyo.

Phambi kokususa gear ufuna kwangaphambili usebenzisa aqabe ukuphawula indawo yemeko emboxo sobabini uyitsale, kwakunye PPC shaft. Ezi iileyibhile bakhululekile kakhulu kwi reflectors ihamba neefolokhwe, kwakunye kwi CPR elide.

Inxalenye yangaphakathi ye nezitshixo kufanele kube lula ukulungisa ngokomgangatho eludakeni caked. Ke ezi iibholiti unscrewed. Emva koko nabuya nuts ukuba kufumaneke inkxaso intermediate. Ngenxa inkxaso enikwa emnqamlezweni-ilungu. Yamcela yonke driveline ihamba phambili kwaye detaches ukusuka esisangqa phezu kwebhulorho. Singakwazi ukulungiselela lo msebenzi, ungasebenzisa isando, kodwa kuphela ubhedu okanye yobhedu uShim. Kufuneka ukuba ukubetha ngasemva welungu esisangqa.

Ngoko uyakwazi ukususa isiphelo ngaphambili driveline sliding.

Ekupheleni isabelo shaft eqhutywa PPC kufuneka kwakhona abeke indawo yokurekhoda.

Xa ukudluliswa lususwe, kuyimfuneko ukuba kakhulu ukukhusela plug nomsila ekonakalisweni kunokwenzeka. Kubiza efanayo kunye umngxuma PPC.

Ngoku uqale ukusombulula iingxaki ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuthenga entsha

Ngokuthenga isiza esitsha esiya kuthatha indawo ezonakeleyo, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo uthathe ingqalelo ubungakanani imigodi cardan. "Ibhadi" Akukho ngaphandle. Isibakala sokuba imifanekiso ezahlukeneyo kufuneka nokulungalungiswa ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko, kwi uhle umgangatho wamavili amisele nodes ubude eqhelekileyo. La malungu zingathengwa ezivenkileni ezininzi jikelele.

Okubi kunjalo ngemizekelo imoto kwandiswa. Ezi ese ziyafumaneka ngesicelo, kwaye yonke indawo zingathengwa.

Namhlanje, kukho ulwazi oluninzi malunga ukwandiswa element ngokuzimeleyo. Umzekelo, oluthi bendiza ( "Ibhadi") ukongezwa kusenokuba yimfuneko, ukuba umnini ufuna ukwandisa wamavili emotweni. Oku kunika iinzuzo ethile - ubude omkhulu emboniselweni imithwalo.

shaft Cardan - ophuma kuyo, efana bonke abanye. Lendawo ungalungiseka ngokupheleleyo. Unakekelwa olululo nolondolozo rhoqo iya kuhlala ixesha elide kakhulu. Kwaye ukuba ufuna indawo, ngoko khumbula ukuba ubude shaft isithuthi bendiza ( "Ibhadi," yaye "Valdai" kolu ngcelele akukho ngaphandle) - oku iparameter ibalulekileyo.