Ummandla Volgograd: awafanele ezityiwayo enobuhlungu, amahlathi, imozulu

ummandla Volgograd alinalo ukungafani kunye nobuhle yomhlaba, njengoko apha yaqulunqa emathafeni kunye nezo zibuntlangorha nenkangeleko. Kule nkalo, le nkqubo lokutyala eyenziweyo nasenzo esi siye saqulunqwa ndawo ukuthintela ukhukuliseko lomhlaba okubangelwa yimimoya eyomileyo.

kumasimi Ihlathi kummandla Volgograd

Sezulu e kummandla Volgograd ukuba becala ecacileyo owomileyo, ukuba imozulu eyomileyo kakhulu akumangalisi, ke ngoko, ukhukhuliseko ongaphezulu - yintlekele yokwenene ukulima.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le ngingqi ikhula hectares 400 amahlathi kwindawo yayo ecaleni kwiindonga esemlanjeni iVolga, i-Don, Chopra kunye nemiqadi. amahlathi zizandyondyo yommandla Volgograd ikakhulu zimelwe kwemioki nemipopulari abamnyama, kunye nemithi kunye namatyholo.

Ukongeza, kule minyaka-60 idlulileyo siye babesebenza isitishi ngumntu, umsebenzi yayo ukukhusela amasimi ukusuka yimimoya eyomileyo. Asingabo bonke bephela zibe yimpumelelo na, kuba azisoloko ithathele ingqalelo nokwakhiwa komhlaba kunye ezifanelekileyo iintlobo zayo kwemithi namatyholo.

Kodwa kuye iziphumo ezihle, sibonga kuso namhlanje kule ndawo zingaphezu kwama-200 000 yeehektare zeendawo enziweyo eluhlaza, inxalenye yayo ukukhuselwa lomhlaba kukhukuliseko, yaye ezinye kukho - indawo abangalalisa nabantu basekuhlaleni.

Amakhowa - isoyikiso kubomi babantu?

Ngenani leentsuku sunny ngonyaka ngamnye, spring olufudumeleyo zasehlotyeni ezishushu ezi iindawo ezifana eCrimea, nangona ebusika ezimfutshane nengqele ziyakhunjuzwa ukuba emzantsi-mpuma we-Russian Plain. Ehlotyeni ubushushu ifikelela 38-45 ° C, ngenxa ubunzima komoya babushushu Kazakhstan kunye engxakini wakuva ye kwezulu.

Nangona ngemozulu ehlotyeni kummandla Volgograd ebharhileyo, enkosi kubantu abatsha ehlathini babe nethuba lokuba nenxaxheba ekuhlanganisweni ngamakhowa. Kuphela ingxaki enokuthi kubo Vuka, - ingozi ukuba ukungabikho kwemvula nkqu Amakhowa ezityiwayo kunokuba ezisongela ubomi.

Oku kungenxa beqokelela izinto eziyityhefu kwixesha wokubalela, ngoko kamsinya nje kufike imvula, yaye zibonakala endle ukusuka emhlabeni okanye phezu komboko zemithi, ezinye zazo zingaba kanye njengokuba zinetyhefu nje okona okanye ukubhabha agaric.

Qokelela mushrooms ezidliwayo ummandla Volgograd kufuneka ngononophelo kwaye kuphela ulwazi ityala okanye ephelekwa abavuni mushroom abanamava, aqaphele ingozi.

Kuqhutyelwa kuma- ubuntshatsheli ikhuthaza abantu ukuba 'ukuzingela uthule' ukuba nayo, kufuneka abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba sikuqonde kakuhle. Olu khuphiswano gembula kwandisa phakathi kwabantu basekuhlaleni inani mushroom yobungcali.

awafanele spring

Amakhowa ummandla Volgograd nabanako ukwahlulelana ngayo ixesha ukuqokelelwa uhlobo spring, ihlobo ukwindla, ngoko ke ithuba "abazingeli" kakuhle ukuhlawula lonke ixesha efudumeleyo ishishini ozithandayo. Ngoko, kwi mushroom entwasahlobo ungalindela:

• Chanterelles, ezo lula zibonwa engceni May oselula ngenxa yebala labo ukusuka mthubi nokukhanya-orenji. Babonakala kuqala, kwaye ukuba ukuyivula njani ixesha "ukuzingela". Chanterelles kunzima xanisa nabanye amakhowa, ngenxa yokuba iminqwazi ezinkulu elintlangothi siziinduli, ndidandathekile kancinane phakathi. Abanako kuhlangana nompleyini kunye nespruce kunye avuthulukayo amahlathi, leyo ezikhula Uryupinsky, Olhovskoe and District Chernyshkovsky.
• Emva chanterelles usemhlabeni kukho awafanele ubulongwe. Kuxhomekeka kubudala babo, ukuze babe umnqwazi omhlophe (entsha), ezipinki (kuba abadala) okanye emnyama (ubudala). Xa ukutya amakhowa efanelekileyo kuphela abatsha, ayifani esinamanzi okumnandi kakhulu, kodwa ukuba abalungiselele ikamva liya kusebenza. Sesivuno zibe ngoMeyi kufuphi emaquleni umgquba, amasimi nemiyezo ezikufuphi. Amaninzi afumaneka kwiindawo Surovikinskom, Chernishkovski kunye Alexeyev.

• Boletus amakhowa zivele ngoMeyi, xa ihlabathi lonke iqalisa luhlaza kunye nembali. Kulula ukwahlula phakathi imifuno, ekubeni ngokubanzi emthubi-mdaka okanye ngqombela ikepusi ngokuqinileyo ehleli esiqwini zezindlu, leyo inqubo yokukhula uya kuzolula ukuya kwi-20 cm ngobude. Amakhowa zifumaneka Aspen Kletsky District.

Ukwazi ishedyuli yohlobo ngalunye, ungenza pre-ishedyuli kunye nendlela ukufumana apho amakhowa kummandla Volgograd ngo May.

Ikhowa ekuqaleni kwehlobo

Ukuba hlobo kome kakhulu, indawo intlanganisela isityalo mushroom uba wonke ummandla Volgograd. Amakhowa zikhula kweli xesha ubunzima, ngoko ukuba beze nabanamava abavuni mushroom, nabalandeli eziqhelekileyo. Le yokugqibela, ngelishwa, ngamanye amaxesha amaxhoba engenamava lwabo nokunyoluka. Njengoko oogqirha bathi loo ndawo, uninzi lwabo ezinikwe izigulane ezineempawu ze yingozi okanye ukutya ngempazamo ukudliwa, engafanelekanga eziphekiweyo okanye ayinakutyiwa.

Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba ndibe sadla kuyo, kubalulekile ukufunda ikhowa abakwingingqi Volgograd. Ezityiwayo esinetyhefu rhoqo efana kakhulu omnye komnye, yaye xa kukho amathandabuzo, kungcono ngokubanzi ke musa ukupheka. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala mushroom ihlobo ungalindela:

• amakhowa amhlophe ukuba kuvela ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Kulula liyabonakala by umnqwazi enkulu, nto leyo kwezinye iimeko uyakwazi ukufikelela 40 cm ubukhulu. Xa ngaphantsi eqokobheni ityhubhu ufumane olive okanye bulubhelu ngombala evela ngundo emhlophe, ngoko ke abadala, yaye edliwayo. Umbala mushroom white cap isusela ekukhanyeni brown ukuba limhlophe umbala omdaka, ngoxa nomlenze ibe ukuya kwi-25 cm ubukhulu. Bekhula kakhulu kwiindawo oki, ezinde kunye nompleyini amahlathi Kumylzhensky, Alekseevskogo kunye Gorodischenskogo.

• Amakhowa alindele yokuqokelela lwabo ekupheleni kukaJuni. Yeyona hlobo luqhelekileyo, leyo emehlweni mushroom mmandla Volgograd. amakhowa champignon babe incasa kakhulu yaye zifumaneka nje kuphela amahlathi nespruce, kodwa nemiqolomba, emadlelweni, e Shakinskoy oki kunye "intlabathi Tsimlyansky" indawo Chernishkovski.
• Ngasekupheleni kuka Juni no Julayi - ixesha kakuhle kuba ioli, nto leyo ngokufuthi ezikhula emahlathini ngcu Rudnyanskogo, Novoanninskii, Olkhovskoye besithili zhirnovsky.

puffball anqabe ngxilimbela, leyo, ngasendleleni, kufuneka silumke. Nguye ayinakutyiwa kuphela umbala omhlophe, ngoko xa yokuhlangana Umzekelo omdaka, oko kufanele ngeenxa.

Yintoni enokwenza ukuba mushroom nabavuni ngoJulayi nango-Agasti

Kwisiqingatha sesibini ehlotyeni - ukuba akukho sizathu ukuba ahlale ekhaya, kuba eli xesha idibana abathandi amakhowa na abameli umdla kakhulu:

• Amakhowa - mushroom enkulu ikepusi, phakathi apho kukho hopper. Ukuba kunzima ukuphoswa. Nangona zizityebi Gruzdeva lokuvuna kummandla Volgograd, ezi amakhowa kufuneka kuvunwa xa kwinqanaba uqolile. Kwaye xa umnqwazi amakhowa ubisi ukukhanya kuvela amabala umhlwa, kubhetele ukuba angamchukumisi kubo. Bona afumaneka wepayini, ezinde Aspen amahlathi kwilali Trehostrovskoy, kwi Swan emadlelweni.
• Ngo-Agasti, abavuni mushroom elinde Mokhovikov ezikhula ubulembu bangcungcutheke ehlathini kufuphi nelali Kletskaya. Zinelungelo cap omdaka, ekulula ukuba ukumisela iminyaka yabo - iintanda zibonisa ukuba ngundo abadala. Ukumisela ukuba yintoni na Mokhovikov unako, bazicebule inyama, njengoko emsi.

Nazi makhowa kukhula kummandla Volgograd ehlotyeni. Hi ndlela leyi, musa kusoloko kufuneka ukuba silinde ukuba imvula babutha isivuno esihle. Ngemiqadi kunye namahlathi yezandyondyo, apho umhlaba utyebile, ukuba kuvela endle kwaye ngaphandle kwezulu olongezelelweyo.

awafanele Autumn

Ekwindla abavuni mushroom mda kwinani elincinane iintlobo enika mmandla Volgograd. Uyawathanda, ukubonakala ekupheleni kuka-Agasti nangoSeptemba:

• Tricholoma Populinum (podtopolnik). Ngaba esintsundu kwebhonethi omise okanye nombala zifuna ukuba ngqombela, ngokuqinileyo ehleli esiqwini zezindlu. Senzeka emahlathini, kugcwele yemingcunube. Kwingingqi Volgograd yi Svetloyarsky, Olkhovskiy, iindawo Rudnyansky.

• Autumn uyawathanda, leyo inokufunyanwa kukuninzi kwi kwizikhondo kunye imithi, mayimane birches e Shakinskoy oki, kunye District Surovikinsky Chernishkovski.
• Greenfinch - a Amakhowa okumnandi emthubi kunye cap lwayinqila ngeenxa aselula kwaye iflethi kwiintlobo abaqolileyo. Ukhula pine amahlathi kwindawo Kalachevsky.

Nantsi isityalo-NMMU yekhowa kummandla Volgograd. Amakhowa kukhula phantse yonke ehlathini iibhanti emiphethweni, kodwa kukho iindawo ezizodwa kumntu wonke uthanda ukuzingela cwaka. kwaye ngo May.

Best iindawo mushroom kwingingqi Volgograd

Le mushroom ethandwa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa:

• Ummandla i Tsimlyansk Reservoir, nto leyo ilawulwa wepayini nelezihlambo ofumileyo kunye namahlathi avuthulukayo.
• IVolga-Akhtuba yezandyondyo de Zubarevki.
• Islands Belambile, Imali, Sarpinsky kwi iVolga.
• Amadlelo kunye amadlelo ecaleni Volgograd ichibi

abavuni mushroom abanamava kwezi ndawo neendlela ezityhutyhayo eligangathiweyo kufuneka glades babo emfihlekweni.

ukudliwa ummandla Volgograd

Ingozi enkulu ukuba abavuni mushroom basandula kuqalisa ukuzisebenzisa ezi mushrooms ababuxoki. Ukwahlula into lokwenene kuphela nevumba elibi, njengoko ukutshintsha umbala cut-off nge mthubi nombala abantu abambalwa kakhulu ezothusayo.

Amanita kunye lipholi neenkowane zinqabile, kodwa ngokungazi lokugcinwa amakhowa ezityiwayo nabo ukuba ityhefu.

Ngokomzekelo, amakhowa Polypore, adla afumaneka kwi komboko zemithi, ezityiwayo kuphela ebutsheni bakhe, yaye ukujonga nobudala babo kuphela abanamava mushroom umzingeli.

Kuba yokuqokelela ekhuselekileyo amakhowa

Xa mushroom lineqela imithetho musa ukundidlwengula:

1. Qokelela kuphela ezo eziphilayo baziwa kakuhle.
2. Okanye iisampulu yene flabby akufuneki wayifaka engobozini.
3. Kufuneka balinge Amakhowa ekrwada ukunambitha.
4. Akukho mfuneko ukuqokelela kuzo kufutshane izityalo zoshishino okanye ecaleni kweendlela.

Ekuqhubeni le mithetho elula, unako ukuba zombini i "kuzingela 'efanayo, kwaye ukusuka izitya mushroom emnandi.