Umhlaba wokuhlahlelwa portfolio mboleko. Loan Iphothifoliyo - is ...

Phakathi neziphawuli zokusebenza ibalulekileyo ibhanki yorhwebo - portfolio mboleko. Kunokuba nzima yaye zifuna indlela elungelelanisiweyo ukutyhilwa izikhombisi eziqulathwe kuyo. Kodwa ke, nangona oku, ukuba ukuhlola ipotfoliyo yayo mboleko, iibhanki baye rhoqo. Isisombululo ngempumelelo kwale ngxaki - into enkulu ukusebenza leziko zemali. Yintoni emayenziwe ngayo iphothifoliyo mboleko? njani ukuhlalutya izalathisi equlethwe kuso?

Ezi nkcukacha yepotifoliyo mboleko

Iphothifoliyo-mboleko - na, ukuba balandele enye yezi ndlela ithandwa phakathi Russian abaphandi amagama, imali eseleyo elityala ebhankini (okanye enye Ngendaba umsebenzi yorhwebo), ezivele ngenxa neminye imibutho okanye mboleko abantu. Iindlela yokuqinisekisa ixabiso parameter ohambelana yahluke kakhulu.

Ngokomzekelo, abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba ipotfoliyo mboleko kufuneka iquke umdla correlative kunye neeshedyuli intlawulo epheleleyo, ngoxa abanye bakhetha ngokuqinisekileyo ziquka yena kuphela ityala inqununu, kunye namanye amacandelo mboleko - ibalwa ifomula okhethekileyo. Impikiswano - zafundiswa iqumrhu ukubuyisela leyo ngaphambi kwamatyala ishedyuli kwaye kufuneka ahlawule inzala kakhulu.

Uhlalutyo Okukodwa yephothifoliyo mboleko

Uhlalutyo yephothifoliyo mboleko kubaluleke kakhulu malunga yokuvavanya uzinzo yeziko mali engqinelanayo. Isibakala sokuba olu hlobo mbutho ishishini zenza uninzi yenzuzo, njengoko umthetho, ngenxa yemali-mboleko. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile kakhulu elomboloko elinikwe kwiibhanki, kodwa kwakhona ubungakanani uqeqesho iya kubalwa nje kuphela indlela kubaboleki. Ngaloo ndlela, enye indlela ebalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kwisikhundla mboleko yombutho zemali - indlela yokuhlawula amatyala abantu ukuba lowo unika mboleko. Oko kumiselwa ngokusekelwe ezahlukeneyo indicators.

Xa kuziwa amaqumrhu asemthethweni, oko kungaba:

- inzuzo yemali;

- kumphakamo wangoku we lomthwalo ngetyala lweshishini;

- ingakumbi izivumelwano ezingundoqo, kunye nezinye izinto ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwengeniso;

- Imbali credit.

Ngokuphathelele ubume abantu kubaboleki zendalo, ukukwazi kwabo ukubhatala unokusekelwa:

- wemali;

- uzinzo inkampani zisebenzisa;

- kumphakamo wangoku we umthwalo kwetyala;

- umxholo imbali yekhredithi.

Njengoko imithombo ukuba uhlalutyo elandelayo lungasetyenziswa intra-amaxwebhu, nabo ezibonisa intsebenziswano kubaboleki kwibhanki ethile. Ngaphezu kwako konke, esi sicelo sivumelwano semali-mboleko (leyo idla iqulathe inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga client).

Iphothifoliyo mboleko - sisalathisi-mboleko ngexesha, imali kunye ngokwemiqathango inzuzo, kuqikelelwa ngokusekelwe imiqathango yesivumelwano mfani-nye umnikimali. Le wokubala kwakhona ukuthatha ezahlukeneyo imingcipheko kwezoqoqosho. kusetyenziswa Uhlalutyo yephothifoliyo mboleko, kuqala, ukuba ukujonga kwiziko ubuninzi zemali ngeniso kunokwenzeka ukuba kunokwenzeka ekubuyeni kubaboleki kwenkunzi, yaye okwesibini - ukuqaphela izinto kunokwenzeka ukuba luphazamise iqela imali ngexesha ngokupheleleyo, kubalwa Bank.

portfolio

njani kumiselwa Iimpawu ezithile okuluphawu i parameter uzinzo egcina imali? Isenokuba ifana emayenziwe ngayo iphothifoliyo mboleko? Ngokufuthi lubandakanya ukuhlelwa mboleko ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

- isabelo ukuya lwemali okanye imali engange;

- indlela yokubonelela;

- lokuvuthwa;

- imo yomthetho umboleki;

- ilizwe imvelaphi kwiqumrhu ngemali.

Olu luhlu lungentla leekhrayitheriya ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuthi yongezwe, kunye nezinye izinto.

Yintoni na ufakwe kwiphothifoliyo?

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ezinye iindidi ze mboleko abayi Makufakwe kwiphothifoliyo ii-mboleko. Xa kunokwenzeka oku? Xa methodology of amaziko zebhanki ezininzi wagqiba ukubandakanya kuluhlu lweeasethi mboleko ezimana zikhutshwa ngabasemagunyeni zoluntu, imali ezingezo-mali. Oku kubangelwa kunikezelo mboleko enjalo ngaphandle iimfuno akananto emandla okanye kwenzala, kwahluka kakhulu ecaleni elincinane emarikeni. Loan Iphothifoliyo - sisalathisi ebonisa imisebenzi imifuziselo ngemali. Mboleko ngamazinga ezikhethwayo unakho ukuhlangabezana nale njengekhrayitheriya.

Iimali-mboleko ezingaqukwanga kwi kwipotfoliyo ngetyala beebhanki zorhwebo, nazo kukhuthswa iziqinisekiso zokuqhuba amaziko iqabane, amanye amaziko zemali ephethe, xa ukusekwa yangoku yinxalenye isakhiwo okanye amaqumrhu ayamileyo. Enyanisweni, ngeendlela ezininzi ezifana iintengiselwano zinxulumene mboleko ngokusesikweni. Eneneni, kusenokuba transfers inter-inkampani eziqhelekileyo nto ejolise ngokususa uninzi yenzuzo yebhanki leyo.

Izigaba analysis portfolio

Ngoku ukuphanda ngokweenkcukacha indlela uhlalutyo enokwenziwa yeziko mali portfolio mboleko. Ngaphezu sibonile imigaqo esisiseko ezisisiseko isifundo efanelekileyo - ezizezi, isixa unxulumano-mboleko ngoku kunye nezinto ezichaphazela impumelelo ibuyile kwabalelwa ezikhoyo. Ngoku umsebenzi wethu - ukuqwalasela amanqanaba eziphambili uhlalutyo ipotifoliyo mboleko leyo. abaphandi Modern ukwahlula iseti zilandelayo kuwo:

- uhlalutyo imiba echaphazela ubonelelo kunye nemfuno iinkonzo zebhanki;

- ukuzimisela kwe obolekisayo amandla yeziko mali;

- ukufunda isakhiwo-mboleko eziye zachithwa kulo ukuba ukuthotyelwa kunokwenzeka ukuchongwa umthamo;

- ekufundweni yangoku izivumelwano mboleko zisayinwe yibhanki kunye obolekayo;

- uvavanyo umgangatho yephothifoliyo, uphuhliso iingcebiso zokuphucula yayo.

Makhe sifunde la manyathelo analysis ehambelana iinkcukacha zebhanki yokusebenza isibonisi.

Imiba yemfuno kunye nonikezelo lweenkonzo credit

Imiba e umbuzo zihlelwe ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Njengomgaqo, abelwe bangaphakathi kunye nabangaphandle. Owayesakuba elamkeleke ku:

- nemali yokuhlawula amatyala kunye yebhanki ekhoyo imali, nto leyo kuchithwa kwi ngokubonelela ngemali-mboleko;

- ngokufumaneka kwezibonelelo yokugubungela yokunqongophala amatyala kunokwenzeka ngenxa ingqeqesho intlawulo kakuhle abathengi;

- ezicacileyo yabantu abangakwaziyo zemisebenzi yorhwebo lwe ebhankini, iimpawu abaphulaphuli client ekujoliswe.

Phakathi izinto zangaphandle;

- iinkqubo zoqoqosho ezenzeka kweli lizwe, kummandla okanye indawo ethile;

- inqanaba ukhuphiswano kurhwebo ngemali yebhanki;

- umgaqo-nkqubo we-Central Bank - umzekelo, ngokwemiqathango ukuyilwa amaxabiso izinga ephambili;

- umthetho yemithetho ubudlelwane ngetyala.

Bank, ekuqhubeni uhlalutyo izinto ekhethiweyo banokutsho ukubona ezo kakhulu ngokubhekiselele umgangatho ipotifoliyo, uze isebenzise idatha ukuphucula iimpawu mzobo ahambelanayo.

Ukubekwa obolekisayo umthamo

Inqanaba elilandelayo Uhlalutyo ipotifoliyo - ukumisela obolekisayo amandla yeziko zemali. Ukuhlangabezana nalo mngeni ibandakanya isifundo sokuqala kunye abalaseleyo imithombo, ngenxa apho ibhanki uyakwazi ukufumana inzuzo kule inkalo imisebenzi yokubolekisa ngemali. Credit amandla kulo mzekelo zinganikezelwa kwiinguqulelo ezimbini: njengoko ebonisa ubukho kwezibonelelo elifutshane elide ibhanki, yaye lowo inento yokwenza izivumelwano 'ubude' nabathengi kwiziko lemali. Zeziphi ezi nkcukacha nganye kuzo?

Term olunokubakho kwakheka ngokusekelwe eziinkozo iibhanki yande kwiidipozithi,-akhawunti yangoku, akhawunti umvuzo kunye nezinye izibonelelo, ngenxa apho ungenza ngokukhawuleza ukwandisa isambuku. Njengoko umthetho - kwisithuba esingangonyaka. amandla Long-term, ke, kuthetha ukuba iziko umthombo ebhankini, nto leyo kwakhona makaqeshwe njengesixhobo ukwandisa okuhlawula amatyala, kodwa nangoko, kodwa kokuphela kwexesha, ngokuqhelekileyo akukho unyaka ngaphambi kwe omnye ukususela kumhla nowokupheliswa izivumelwano ahambelanayo nge umthengi . ulawulo Iphothifoliyo credit Bank ixhomekeke ngqo kwi ngeentlobo zokwakha kucingwa ukuba ziimpawu iziko lemali. I parameter ngawo - phakathi ezibalulekileyo ngokwemigaqo uhlahlelo uzinzo ngaseludinini nje isakhiwo yorhwebo.

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, njengenxalenye obolekisayo umthamo yeziko unako ukukhonza ufikelelo imali yangaphandle. Okokuqala, kakade, le mboleko evela Central Bank. Kodwa ungakwazi ke ixhaswa ngokuqhutywa mboleko evela kwamanye amazwe. Omnye umbuzo kukuba ingaba kwibhanki ethile ukufikelela kwabo. Oku kungenziwa kuphela xa imiqathango kwezoqoqosho - umzekelo, ngenxa yokuba iziko izalathi zangoku umbono otyalwayo kaThixo, oko ukufezekisa iinqobo zovavanyo zoko yokuhlawula amatyala kunye ezopolitiko - ukuba ibhanki enemvume ngenxa yokuba yena akakwazi zibhekisela kubaboleki amazwe.

Uhlalutyo mboleko uyazithobela onethuba

Isigaba esilandelayo kuphando yeziko mali ipotifoliyo mboleko - uhlalutyo kungqinelwano esikhutshwe mboleko ibhaqwe yobukhulu enefuthe, leyo sesitshilo ngasentla. Luhlobo olunjani iingxaki kunokuba kule meko ebhankini?

Kuqala kwinto zonke, ukuhlolwa iiphothifoliyo mboleko kwi inkalo ezinxulumene izivumelwano ngokungxamisekileyo esayinwe liziko zemali kunye obolekayo, kunye nokusebenza lokufikelela kwizibonelelo eyenza amathuba sibonile ngentla. ukuba kubekho imeko apho ebhankini ikhupha inani elikhulu mboleko "elide", kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba 'ezimfutshane "kwezixhobo ukugcina amatyala. Nokuba umboleki iya kuhlawula kwishedyuli rhoqo - kwengeniso ngeke kwanele ukusombulula iingxaki zeli ziko.

Kwezinye iimeko, iibhanki, ukulungisa ixesha elide enokubakho intsilelo kwaye ungabinayo izixhobo ukuyandisa, kwanyanzeleka ukuba atshintshele kwimithombo yakhe zexesha elifutshane. Yaye kuchaphazele kakubi imiqathango amatyala yeziko.

Ukuzalisekiswa analysis mboleko lokuthobela kunye amandla aphuma kakuhle kumsebenzi zokubumba isigaba esilandelayo ipotfoliyo mboleko kophando - ekufundweni izivumelwano mboleko kugqitywa phakathi ebhankini kunye client. Makhe siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha.

Izivumelwano zokufunda

Kakade ke, kuya kuba nzima ukuba iingcali ibhanki iya kuqwalasela imixholo elinye iphepha lesivumelwano ngasinye kunye obolekayo. Ngaba senziwe ngendlela nzima kakhulu kwaye ezingafanelekanga ngokupheleleyo ngokubhekiselele kwiindleko zabasebenzi. Njengomgaqo, wenziwe Uhlalutyo lwamanani eziqulethwe iimvumelwano. Isibakala sokuba amaxwebhu zohlobo ahambelanayo ziqulethe umahluko omncinane kakhulu. Amaninzi ukuba ziyancipha:

- nemali-mboleko;

- ukuba umahluko phakathi umyinge wenzala ngabanye;

- ukuya ukungxamiseka buyiselo ;

- ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlobo loan.

Iskim phantsi ingqalelo sisebenza, Kakade ke, xa kufikwa ukuhlalutya izivumelwano waqukumbela kudidi elifanayo kubaboleki - umzekelo, abemi abaqeshwe ngokusesikweni emzini wakhe.

Kubonakala ukuba akukho mfuneko ukufunda incwadi nganye, kwanele ukuba Cazulula imithombo ngamaqela, kubandakanya Ukukhwelisana kuyo nayiphi inkalo efanayo. Umzekelo, kusenokuba izivumelwano equka inzala ibeyi-20% ngonyaka nangaphezulu, okanye ezo ezibandakanya ukuhlawula imali-mboleko phakathi konyaka. Ngenxa yoko, ibhanki, ezincina umngcipheko lekhredithi ipotfoliyo bangaqokelela nje ulwazi olufanelekileyo eziqulathwe kule izivumelwano, yaye oku kuya kuba ukufunda.

Ngokutsho iziphumo ehambelana ibakala kuhlahlelo ngamaziko kwezimali manani, ngokutsho apho kuya kuba lula ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba umgaqo-nkqubo yophuhliso ngumbutho zebhanki oluzinzileyo:

- ngokwalo mboleko;

- kule inkalo iimeko reference kwizivumelwano zeentengo zemboleko ehambelana amandla;

- ngokwembono ubukhulu ingeniso ngenxa ngenxa yemisebenzi yorhwebo.

Isiphumo izigqibo laliqulunqwe, nokuhlola umgangatho yephothifoliyo, kwakunye nezindululo zokuphucula kuyo - kwisigaba esilandelayo umsebenzi abaphandi.

Uqikelelo kunye neziphakamiso

Umsebenzi ophambili kulo mzekelo - ukutolika iziphumo zemisebenzi labahlalutyi. Iziphumo umsebenzi kufuneka ibhekiswe ukuqinisekisa ukuba akwazi ukuyisebenzisa njengesixhobo aluncedo ukuphucula isicwangciso sophuhliso ibhanki yakhe. Kufuneka ube negalelo kwimisebenzi ifoun bokwakha ulawulo ipotifoliyo mboleko, iziko zemali.

uhlalutyo olu nzulu nolufanelekileyo uzinzo parameter kokufanayo ebhankini kunye nokutyhilwa kwalo - imeko ibaluleke kakhulu ekusekweni ukhuphiswano emarikeni. I-credit Iphothifoliyo ye-Savings Bank okanye omnye Esikhulu Russian kwicandelo logcino, kungenzeka ukuba ibe ireferensi. Kodwa indlela elungelelanisiweyo nkcazo-qhinga zophuhliso naliphi na iziko mali ibe kakuhle umdlali ebalulekileyo emarikeni wokhuphiswano ngolo hlobo. Loan Iphothifoliyo - akukho iseti yamanani ukuba ingxelo. Kuyinto sisixhobo ngokwenene ekuphuculeni ishishini imodeli zebhanki.

ezifana abatyali - Uvavanyo amaziko yemali portfolio mboleko ukuba abadlali angaphandle wenziwe nje kuphela isakhiwo yayo yangaphakathi, kodwa. Kakade ke, kuxhomekeke ekufumanekeni ukufikelela izalathi efanelekileyo. Kule nxalenye iingenelo lokhuphiswano iibhanki kunye ipotifoliyo mboleko elungeleleneyo, ziza kuboniswa kule ukukwazi ukufumana utyalo ezinkulu. Okanye - njengento ukhetho - ube nomkhethe yokufumana ufikelelo lokuboleka imali yangaphandle. Kulo mzekelo, amaqabane ezinokuba iziko zemali kule ndawo unokuba nababhali iingcebiso ezijoliswe ekuphuculeni qhinga sophuhliso-Bank, kuphuhliswa ngokusekelwe ngeziphumo zophando yephothifoliyo mboleko.