Umatshini Ukugaya: ezizodwa zobugcisa

Umphezulu ebizwa oomatshini ezizodwa asetyenziswa nokucoca phezu amanqaku lamanqanaba ezingeyomfuneko. Amaninzi, olu hlobo kwezixhobo isetyenziselwa unyango okusilelayo ngamaplanga. Noko ke, phezu lokusila kamatshini metal - loo nto kwakhona uhlobo entle eqhelekileyo leeyunithi. zisetyenziselwa machining ngentsimbi,-aluminiyam, ikopolo kunye like. D.

A incinane

Umphezulu Umatshini kugaywe lwasungulwa 1874 eMelika. Ekuqaleni, njengoko isixhobo zokusebenza esisetyenziswe apha izangqa wonqanyulwa kumaqhekeza obuphathekayo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo rock esirhabaxa. Ngenxa yokuba kwafuneka itshintshwe rhoqo, naba ezithile kwiiyunithi ngelo xesha abazange bafumane. Noko ke, kakade 1893, ngemva kokusungulwa abrasives ngumntu, oomatshini kumphezulu besila zithandwa kakhulu kwaye ethandwa.

Kungani ukusebenzisa

Izixhobo olu hlobo isetyenziselwa:

• bavune amalungiselelo;

• ukusika kunye namacandelo;

• ngqo machining kwemiphezulu ungamalungu;

• uhlamba amazinyo wheel;

• kugqityiwe umsonto, njalo njalo. d.

Eyona iphambili yale mishini kukuba nje kokugqiba amalungu kunye kumphezulu othe tyaba. Kuba ugqibezela imilo umsebenzi yokuba zisetyenziswa.

isimiso ukusebenza

Ukusebenza kolu hlobo kwezixhobo isekelwe umgaqo elula kakhulu. preform Ivula lukhutshwe ejikelezayo kwi ngesantya esiphezulu ivili esirhabaxa. I intshukumo yokugqibela inikwa ngumntu injini yombane. Kule nokulungiswa kwenziwa njenge umphezulu isangqa kunye ekupheleni kwayo. Namhlanje athotyiweyo apho oquka iimatshini yolu hlobo kunye izangqa ezibini obunamandla kakhulu.

Isebenza kwiimeko ezininzi, okuveza besila umatshini ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Injini yokubolekisana pump iiseyile, kwanyanzeleka ukuba yeoli woyigalela imiphantsi inkqubo ngamanzi.

• Kutshanje, ibetha ibhokisi yotshintsho, afanelekileyo impompo starter.

• Xa uvula i-oyile itephu lungena ngokukhululekileyo iindawo lombhobho sonikezelo ihambisa piston, yaye enye ngexesha kwii kunye naye etafileni.

• Ekupheleni yetafile yakho mayinganxaxheli ejika ivelufa iswitshi elinoxanduva kwicala yeoli kwi spool okanye isilinda feed.

• oyile indlela yangoku ngexesha inye umva, netafile iqala ukuya emva kwakhe.

Iimpawu design

koomatshini Ukugaya yale hlobo zidla ebonakala ngamandla aphezulu kuba izinto kusingathwa zikwimizekelo emininzi ube nelitye kakhulu. Owona mbane mass preform ngu 600 kg, ukuphakama - 280 mm.

isixhobo umatshini Column-hlobo ukhwele koseko, oluxonxiweyo enye nechibi siseko. Phakathi iinxalenye zayo ngayo elitywinwe kumacala omabini apho kukho zizikhokelo. Ngokutsho lihamba buyo lokugqibela. Oko waziqinisa komzila tyaba, otyunjwe phantsi headstock.

Le workpiece ngo matshini inyuselwa mhlawumbi ngqo phezu kwetafile okanye ngokusebenzisa yamasango ezikhethekileyo ngemagnethi. Ngamanye amaxesha ukulungisa iindawo yaye basebenzisa izixhobo.

Table umphezulu Umatshini besila kunokuba ngeenxa okanye uxande. Kuxhomekeka kwindlela okhethiweyo zokuhanjiswa izinto: longitudinal okanye setyhula. Ngamanye amaxesha le hlobo kwezixhobo isetyenziswe machining indawo enkulu kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo i feed indlela ezinqamlezayo. Le theyibhile kumphezulu oomatshini lokugaya zixhotyiswe PTFE nokwaleka okhethekileyo. Oku inika intshukumo anencasa ukuqina kwayo ukunxiba.

oomatshini kumphezulu besila yokuluka nga zibekwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu isixhobo yohlulwe nkqo nkqo. Ngalinye kula maqela omabini alungileyo kwakunye nangalunganga.

Njengaye nawuphi na umgangatho eqhelekileyo iimatshini besila zibonakaliswe serial numbers. Ibonakala iileyibheli ayikwazi kuba izixhobo functional. Ukuze wenze oku, ukuhlola oomatshini nokutshixiza yokundwendwela Surface.

Ukugaya amalungu ekupheleni

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi amacandelo processing enjalo:

• Multipass. Kulo mzekelo, i workpiece ekhwele phezu wobuso, yaye ihamba ngesantya omalunga 45 m / s. Le workpiece liyagungqa phantsi isangqa izihlandlo eziliqela kwaye yokugqibela kondliwa kubunzulu ngokuthe ngcembe de de umaleko metal isusiwe okanye umthi oyifunayo ubukhulu.

• -Yokupasa Single. Le ndlela iyasetyenziswa koomatshini kunye etafileni. Kulo mzekelo, esi sixhobo kondliwa kubunzulu ngokupheleleyo ukugwebileyo nkqo.

• Kabini kabini. izixhobo ezifana ngaxeshanye ukuqhubekekiswa kwaoko zombini iziphelo preform.

kwaye sikwi begaya

Le ndlela isetyenziselwa machining kwamalungu ezenziwe ngezinto nzima kakhulu. uncipha neuropathy ngu:

• Deep. Kulo mzekelo, kumjikelo processing ngamnye isusiwe maleko enkulu kakhulu eziphathekayo.

• Nge infeed. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa unyango abo workpieces okuphakama mkhulu ububanzi.

• Kunye ifidi uveza. Le iteknoloji yenza ubuninzi esila izinga ngisho workpieces elikhulu kunene.

Umdlalo begaya imishini

Ezi zixhobo kuveliswa ngokohlobo iqhoshana okanye njengesilinda. Ziqulethe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezinokutya ngezixhobo esirhabaxa of ngqongqo ophezulu, elidityaniswe omnye komnye kunye yodongwe, bakelite okanye lungu vulcanite. amavili Ukugaya babe ubungakanani ezahlukeneyo iprofayili. Bona ezikhethiweyo ngokuxhomekeke wenze bomashini kunye nohlobo iinxalenye phambili kuyo.

izixhobo ozikhethela

rhoqo oomashini besila ehlobene izixhobo ezifana njengeyunithi okupholisa. Kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ubushushu iindawo ezisebenzayo ze kumatshini ngexesha iinkcukacha processing. Oku kwenza kube lula ukwandisa kakhulu ubomi enkonzweni yawo.

Kwakhona kwi koomatshini yolu hlobo ingasetyenziswa na ngokuzithandela, njengoko iseva kunye ahambise receiver, inverters isantya, iiyunithi zokuhlanjululwa ezahlukeneyo njengesipholisi, njalo-njalo. D.

iimpawu technical

Oomashini yale hlobo ziyahluka amandla, ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza. Scheme for koomatshini besila komhlaba zimelwe kweli phepha. Ukubalula kolu hlobo kwezixhobo kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. Okulandelayo, makhe sibone oko iinketho na ukuba matshini kulo mzekelo imodeli ethandwa kakhulu 3G71. Le yunithi senzelwe kuphela lokugaya engabalulekanga workpieces. design layo ngumxube isakhelo, umhlathi noninakhulu, idesika emsebenzini, kunye nenkqubo ngamanzi.

inokufunyanwa kule theyibhile ingezantsi, leyo makasilele iinkcukacha kumatshini.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umphezulu ephuhliswe besila Umatshini 3G71 besebusweni eSoviet Union, ukuba isasetyenziswa nangoku imveliso kwaye igqalwa kakhulu olusebenzayo noluthembakeleyo. Xa noseko lwalo ziyilelwe nobugoci-goci bayo noomatshini zexabiso 3G71M.