Ulwimi Basic kuthetha ngolwimi Russian. Ulwimi uthetha: inkcazo kunye nokusetyenziswa

ulwimi Russian - enye entsonkothileyo kakhulu esisityebi, entle. Hayi ubuncinane ke yenza ubukho kukho inani elikhulu abangathathi ngomlomo yokuthetha.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlolisisa ulwimi lithetha ntoni kwaye yintoni iintlobo na. Cinga imizekelo ukusetyenziswa uncwadi kunye nentetho ngemihla.

Ulwimi kuthetha ngolwimi Russian - ntoni na?

iindlela Iintetha yokuthetha esetyenziswa ngolwimi Russian ukwenza itekisi zinentsingiselo ekhethekileyo, ubuhle kunye nobunzulu. Banceda ukuveza isimo sengqondo yombhali kumxholo mpikiswano, ukutsala ingqalelo iimpawu ezininzi buchaza kakuhle into, isiganeko okanye senzeko.

imibongo Russian neencwadi ayikwazi ukucinga, ukuba ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yeelwimi. Ukusetyenziswa kwamagama, ukwenza itekisi ekhululekile, hayi nje ukuhombisa, kodwa kwakhona kubonisa inqanaba yesakhono yombhali, yakhe inkcubeko intetho, isimbo.

Inkcazelo izinto zemihla ngemihla kunokuba yinto enobukhazikhazi engaqhelekanga, esebenzisa ulwimi iindlela zobugcisa.

Amagama namabinzana unike ibinzana okubhaliweyo ngokuqhelekileyo yahlulwe ngokwamaqela amathathu: phonetic, lungelelanisa (bona Trail) kunye namanani zobugcisa.

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, lithetha ntoni ulwimi, simazi ngakumbi.

iindlela lungelelanisa yokukhuluma

Imigca - ulwimi kuthetha ngolwimi Russian, esiza kusetyenziswa ngumbhali zinentsingiselo yokomfuziselo, yimizekeliso nje. Sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi imisebenzi yobugcisa.

Imikhondo asetyenziswa ukuyila,, imifanekiso ebonwayo bezandi ukuqgiba. Nceda ukudala imeko ethile, ukwenza umfundi neziphumo ebezifuneka.

Isiseko iindlela lungelelanisa ye binzana uthelekiso ngokupheleleyo okanye gca. Inokubuyiselwa zisekelwe zifana, imibutho yamatsha-umbhali okanye umnqweno ukuchaza into ngendlela ethile.

ulwimi Main uthetha: migudu

Kwi umendo sidibana nangoku esikolweni. Khumbula abo ezixhaphakileyo:

1. Walithiywa - endleleni edume kakhulu futhi eqhelekileyo. Amaninzi zifumaneka kwimibongo. Walithiywa - yinto emibalabala, inkcazelo ecacileyo, olusekelwe phezu uthelekiso efihlakeleyo. Ubethelela ingakumbi wachaza into, iimpawu zayo ilelona li- buchaza. Imizekelo: "isifingo kamnandi", "character ayisindi", "izandla yegolide", "ilizwi yesilivere".
2. Ukuthelekisa - igama okanye ibinzana, olusekelwe phezu uthelekiso isifundo omnye komnye. Yenziwe kakhulu ngokohlobo ingeniso lokuthelekisa. Funda kunokwenzeka ngokusetyenziswa uphawu le ndlela imibutho: ukuba, njengokuba ke, efana ngayo kanye loo. Cinga eminye imizekelo: "transparent, njengombethe", "emhlophe njengekhephu", "ngqo ngathi ingcongolo."
3. Isafobe - njengendlela yokuvakalisa into ayicingayo, isekelwe uthelekiso efihlakeleyo. Kodwa ke, ngokungafaniyo kwimali othelekiso, oko ayigqibelelenga ezisesikweni. Sikweko wazakha sithembele yokufana kweentetho izinto ezimbini. Umzekelo: ". Iinyembezi esibhakabhakeni" "iicawa itswele", "warhana ingca",
4. Izithethantonye - amagama afanayo anentsingiselo kodwa ezahlukeneyo ngencwadi ebhaliweyo. Ngaphandle ntonye classical, kukho ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo. Angazeki ixabiso ethile ngaphakathi itekisi ethile. Sijonga le mizekelo: "lamba - kuxhuma", "jonga - abone".
5. Izichasi - amagama abe malungana nelinye ixabiso ngalinye. Njengoko kwakunye ntonye, kukho ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo. Umzekelo: "white - black", "akhwaze - ukuhleba", "uxolo lwengqondo - yimincili."
6. Nokuzenza - transmission into engaphiliyo iimpawu, iimpawu iphile. Umzekelo: "amasetyana willow Zahexa," "ilanga uyancuma eqaqambileyo", "imvula bayingqushe phezu kophahla", "twittered unomathotholo ekhishini".

Ingaba zikhona ezinye iindlela?

iindlela lungelelanisa yokuthetha kulwimi Russian kakhulu kunene. Ukongeza iqela eqhelekileyo kumntu wonke, kwaye kukho abo ayaziwa kwabaninzi, kodwa kabanzi:

1. Tiga - kufakwe elinye igama elinye kunye ezifanayo okanye ixabiso efanayo. Sijonga le mizekelo: "Heyi, ibhatyi eluhlaza (isibheno le ndoda ikulo ibhatyi eluhlaza)," "yonke iklasi ephikisana (okuthetha bonke abafundi kwibakala)".
2. Synecdoche - kuthelekiswa inxalenye transfer phezu yonke, kunye vice versa. Umzekelo: "Wena ndimve nemincili engumFrentshi (umbhali uthetha yomkhosi French)," "isinambuzane bantinga," "emhlambini waba ezilikhulu iintloko."
3. Ukuchaza - Uthelekiso ezibonisa ngezimvo okanye iikhonsepthi kunye nokusetyenziswa kumfanekiso lowo wengcibi yokuluka. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu iintsomi, iintsomi kunye imizekeliso. Umzekelo, impungutye ufuzisela nomvundla wengcibi - wolf bubugwala - umsindo.
4. Isibaxo - ubaxo ngabom. Inceda ukwenza itekisi ekhululekile ngakumbi. It igxininisa kwisifundo esithile, abantu okanye senzeko. Simazi imizekelo "magama ukutshabalalisa ithemba," "isenzo sakhe - ububi ophakamileyo", "waba amaxesha amane intle kakhulu".
5. Litotes - yintetha ekhethekileyo izibakala yokwenene. Umzekelo: "Yena zibhityile ingcongolo", "ukuba akukho ngaphezu kokuba ప్రదాత umniki."
6. Ngenye - replacement amagama, amabinzana ukuhlanganiswa nye. Isetyenziswa ukuphepha milembelele lungelelanisa kwizivakalisi omnye okanye ezikufuphi. Umzekelo: "iingcuka - unamaqhinga esibulalayo", "umbhalo - ngumqondo lombhali."

amanani okuloba

Amanani okuloba - lithetha ulwimi ngolwimi Russian, leyo ukunika ntetho imizwa ethile imifanekiso. Ayinakutshintsha ixabiso layo iimvakalelo.

Izafobe ezisetyenziswa kwimibongo iprozi ukususela kwixesha kwiimbongi yamandulo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchazwa ngoku lixesha lo gama ziyahluka.

Mandulo Greece wayekholelwa ukuba amanani zesimbo - ulwimi kuthetha ulwimi, nto leyo likwimo zahluke kakhulu ukusuka kwintetho yemihla ngemihla. Ngoku kukholelwa ukuba ngakuntsonkotha - yinxalenye ulwimi oluthethwayo.

Yintoni amanani kwezindlela?

Indlela inika eninzi imali yakhe:

1. uphinda lungelelanisa (anaphora, epiphora, edibeneyo edityanisiweyo) - izixhobo amabinzana eziquka abaphinda nayiphi na inxalenye isivakalisi ekuqaleni, isiphelo, okanye apho kudibana kunye elilandelayo. Umzekelo: "Kwaba isandi omhle. Yaba ilizwi ilungileyo Ndakhe ndeva kwiminyaka yakutshanje. "
2. Uchasaniso - izindululo enye okanye ngaphezulu ukuba zisekelwe inkcaso. Ngokomzekelo, cinga kwisivakalisi esithi: "Lo uthuli eked phandle - nasezulwini Vita".
3. Kwezidalwa - ngokusebenzisa izithetha-ntonye isigwebo elahliweyo kwi iqondo ukwanda okanye ebunayo isici. Umzekelo: "ibengezelayo kwi iKrismesi umthi ukukhanya, luyakhazimla, luyakhazimla."
4. Izafobe - ngokuqukwa amazwi ibinzana iyaphikisana entsingiselo, ayikwazi ingasetyenziswa ngendlela kuqamba. Owona mzekelo umxhelo kwaye yaziwa kakuhle lo mzobo zobugcisa - "Imiphefumlo Abafileyo".
5. Inversion - ukutshintsha umyalelo kwilungiselelo lakudala kwamagama kwisivakalisi. Ngokomzekelo, hayi "wawubaleka," yaye "wabaleka ngayo."
6. Parceling - ukwahlukana intsingiselo olunye sivakalisi lube ziinxalenye eziliqela. Umzekelo: "Ngokwahlukileyo koko, UNikolai. Ukukhangela ngaphandle ukuqhwanyazaemva. "
7. Polysyndeton - ukusetyenziswa imibutho ukunxibelelana iindawo yohlobo olunye wesivakalisi. Isetyenziswa ilizwi li- buchaza. Umzekelo: "Yayiyimini ezingaqhelekanga emangalisayo kunye ezintle, kunye twisisaka."
8. Asyndeton - unxibelelwano ngokoMthetho yohlobo olunye yesivakalisi lwenziwa ngaphandle nemibutho yabasebenzi. Umzekelo: "Yena indulumbane, bekhwaza, edanduluka esithi, nokugquma."

iindlela Ngokwefonetiki yokukhuluma

iindlela Ngokwefonetiki yokuthetha - eli qela lincinane. Ezi ziquka uphindaphindo lwezandi ezithile ukwenzela ukudala imifanekiso ezintle yokuluka.

Amaninzi, le ndlela isetyenziswa kwimibongo. Ababhali basebenzisa izandi Dlala kwakhona, xa ufuna ukuthumela i iindudumo isandi, lenzwinini amagqabi okanye ezinye iziganeko zendalo.

Kwakhona, izixhobo phonetic ukunceda ukunika isihobe umlinganiswa othile. Ngenxa ukusetyenziswa zizifundo ezithile izandi yombhalo ingenziwa zangqongqo kangakanani na, okanye vice versa - ezithambileyo.

zikhona ntoni na indlela phonetic?

1. Imfanozandi - uphindaphindo kwisicatshulwa amaqabane ezifanayo, udala umfanekiso eyimfuneko lombhali. Umzekelo: "Mna elakhe ebanjwe bephuma izithunzi, eshiya ithunzi ngomhla extinct."
2. Zikhamiso - phindwa kwezandi zezikhamiso ezithile izandi ukwenza umfanekiso wobugcisa ecacileyo. Umzekelo: "Ndiya kundwendwela ecaleni kwizitalato simaxhaphetshu kangaka, faka kuphela isixhobo etempileni ephithizelayo."
3. isicelo phonetic ukuhlanganiswa ebonisa ukusebenza isandi ethile - Onomatopoeic: amanqina, amaza isandi, amagqabi lenzwinini.

Sebenzisa intetho kuthetha imizwa

Ulwimi kuthetha ngolwimi Russian isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kwaye liyaqhuba kusetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yoncwadi, nokuba iprowuzi okanye izibongo.

umyalelo Zintle amanani zobugcisa ukubonisa ababhali Golden Age. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ngobuchule le imizwa izenzo zabo kuhle, izafobe, elikholekileyo ukuya endlebeni. Akumangalisi ke ingqalelo ubutyebi yesizwe Russia.

Ngeendlela iilwimi sijongene nje kuphela koncwadi, kodwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Phantse wonke umntu usebenzisa ngemizekeliso intetho yakhe, izikweko, epithets. Engazi, senza ulwimi entle zizityebi.