Ulwandle Azov: etyuwa, ubunzulu. Iimpawu oLwandle of Azov

KuLwandle Azov eRashiya yaziwa kwi BC ngenkulungwane 1. e. Oobawo ebizwa kwakhona ulwandle blue. Kamva, emva kokuba lisekiwe Tmutarakan ulawulo, oko safumana igama elitsha - i Russian. Ngenxa ukuwa Duchy igama ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuLwandle Azov. Wabizwa Mayutis, Salakar, Samakush kunye t. N. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala ye-13, uphawu Saksin ulwandle. Wajoyina uluhlu zabahlaseli Tatar-Mongol. Bambiza Umva-dengiz (in translation - "iintlanzi zolwandle"), kwakunye Chabak-dengiz (bream, chabache elwandle). Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, igama elithi "Chabak" ibuye ibe "ekuqaleni" ngenxa yotshintsho, ke igama yangoku. Noko ke, le intelekelelo ayithethi kakhulu iqinisekisiwe.

Othembeke kakhulu ithathwa imvelaphi igama mihla lesixeko Azov. Kuphela ngexesha amaphulo odumileyo Azov ezazisenziwa Peter I, igama wabelwa echibini.

Le etyuwa koLwandle Azov phambi nasemva kumgaqo Don

Kwindawo yokuqala phantsi kwempembelelo ukuhamba kwamanzi emilanjeni (ukuya kwi-12% yabo ngumthamo opheleleyo wamanzi), kwakunye ukwabelana zintsonkothe ukuya kuLwandle Black wambumba iimpawu zombane eekhemikhali kweli dama, njengokuba ulwandle Azovskoe. Etyuwa kwaba kathathu ngaphantsi kwe ubutyuwa avareji yolwandle, ukuba ukulawulwa Don. Ukususela ngowoku-1 ukuya 10.5 PPM yaye 11.5 (ngokufanelekileyo, ngasechwebeni i-Don, kumbindi kunye Kerch Strait) yatshintsha ixabiso layo. Noko ke, emva kokuba wadala Tsimlyansky aphehla kabukhali baqala ukwandisa etyuwa koLwandle Azov, ukufikelela umbindi ukuya ku 13 PPM. Kunqabile ukufikelela nge-1% izixa kumahlandinyuka onyaka.

Amanzi oLwandle Azov namhlanje

ityuwa Little iqulethe emanzini kwalo Sea Azov. Etyuwa - umba ophambili, ngenxa ekulula ukuba ngumkhenkce. Phambi kokuvela icebreakers abanomdla echibini ke iinqanawa ngexesha ukususela kuDisemba ukuya phakathi-April thina. imithombo amanzi oLwandle Azov njengoko indlela ulwandle kusetyenziswa ngoko kuphela kwezi nyanga zishushu.

Phantse yonke imilambo ibalulekileyo, aqukuqelayo kuwo, zaye amadama kwinkulungwane yama-20 ukwenzela ukuba udale okugcina amanzi. Le nto yakhokelela ekubeni ukukhutshwa intlenga kunye namanzi amatsha eliphantsi kakhulu.

balance Water

Ngokusisiseko, yokufika imilambo ezahlukeneyo yamanzi, komoya owa phezu kolwandle kwakunye phezu ukuhamba kwamanzi engenayo kunye Sea abamnyama idreyini zabo komphunga ngokusebenzisa imo channel Kerch kuxhomekeke ichibi zolwelo ezifana elwandle Azovskoe, ubutyuwa apho anomdla ngayo. Kubonakala ngolu hlobo lulandelayo balance amanzi. Kuban, Don kunye nezinye emifuleni elwandle oko, ndihlisa ezingama-38,8 eekhilomitha-cubic metre yamanzi acocekileyo. 13.8 yi-sangqa kumphandle kwemvula ixesha elide avareji ukusuka emoyeni wayo. Nyaka ngamnye, ngokusebenzisa i-Kerch Strait wagalela amanzi malunga 31.2 cubic metres. km. Kuyinto izibonelelo kuLwandle Black. Ukususela Syvash ngokusebenzisa sicatshulwa othi Thin ulwandle koko zinikwe malunga 0.3 kwiikhilomitha cubic. 84,1 km zokufika iyonke amanzi. Ukusetyenziswa udibaniso isixa ngumphunga ukusuka kumphezulu (malunga 35.5 cu. Km) ngokusebenzisa ngasentla Photo Kerchensky abandezelekile (47.4 cu. Km), kunye ukungena endimeni in Syvash obhityileyo (1.4 cu. Km). Oko kukuthi, loo nto kwakhona ulingana 84,1.

River flow ubuhlobo ngumthamo opheleleyo bayo

Umlinganiselo ngumthamo opheleleyo yolwandle yokumpompoza mlambo mkhulu kunayo yonke eminye kweelwandle kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Ukuba ngaphezu iirisithi esesibhakabhakeni amanzi omlambo kwi ngumphunga lwabo ukusuka kumphezulu, oku kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni kwinqanaba nokuvuka kwetyuwa, ukuba kwakungekho exchange amanzi kunye kuLwandle Black, eyasekwa ngenxa yokuhlala ezilungileyo etyuwa yorhwebo iintlanzi.

Ukusasazwa etyuwa yamanzi Azov

Lulandela kungoku abelwe echibini ngokuba luLwandle Azov, etyuwa. Lufikelela 17.5% ezinzulwini kummandla Kerch. Yinto apha efika apha amanzi anetyuwa kuLwandle Black. Apho etyuwa yi 17.5%. Inxalenye engundoqo yale iparameter eyohlobo olulodwa. Esi salathisi apha 12-12.5%. Kuphela indawo encinane yi-13%. Etyuwa e baseTaganrog bay ku Don ngomlomo (umlambo, ophuma aye elwandle Azovskoe) kusithwa 1.3%.

Ekuqaleni kwehlobo nasentwasahlobo ngenxa umkhenkce ukunyibilika, kwakunye ekungeneni kakhulu kwi elwandle amanzi anetyuwa amanzi emlanjeni kunciphisa kancinci. Ebusika kunye ekwindla imalunga efanayo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya ezantsi. Le etyuwa inkulu amanzi oLwandle Azov uyaqapheleka Sivash, lo bay curl ekwanti, yaye iphantsi - in saseTaganrog Bay.

Ubunzulu koLwandle Azov

Sea Azov bobabo flat. Kubhaliwe ebaprofetini kumathambeka asezantsi zonxweme yequmrhu nzulu amanzi.

Ubunzulu omkhulu kuLwandle Azov lingaphantsi kwe ngokubanzi-15 leemitha, kwaye umlinganiselo kwi malunga 8. enzonzobila ukuya ku-5 seemitha gama basekwezo kwindawo ngaphezu kwesiqingatha kwindawo yayo. Umthamo we ulwandle kwakhona ezincinane, kuba 320 cubic metres. Umzekelo ukulinganisa, eseyiphantse 2 amaxesha kule parameter ngayo ukugqitha eLwandle Aral. Phantse 11 amaxesha ngaphezu Azov Sea Black, kwaye umthamo - kangangoko ngo-1678 kwakhona.

Sea Azov, Noko ke, ayikho yancinci kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, bekuya kubekwa ngokukhululekileyo ezimbini ithi ezifana yaseYurophu njengoko Luxembourg nase-Netherlands. Ubude iphezulu ulwandle km-380 ububanzi - 200. 2686 km - ubude iyonke lwalo unxweme.

ukukhululeka ngwenya

Kucace nje kwamanzi mphandle le yolwandle. Ngokusisiseko, magingxigingxi yaye ngokucotha nokwandisa nobunzulu kunye ukwandisa umgama ukusuka elunxwemeni. Iimpawu oLwandle Azov ngokwemiqathango isiqabu zilandelayo. Kwiziko baso ubunzulu mkhulu. Le Esiphelo sesokuba phantse tyaba. Ulwandle of Azov yi ezimbalwa zokupaka, ezona zinabantu abaninzi Temryuk, baseTaganrog, kunye Siwash bodwa ngamandla. Yokugqibela ibe yechanekileyo ngakumbi ukuqwalasela ichweba. On the Sea Azov iphantse akukho ziqithi ezinkulu. Kukho eziliqela shallows leyo zizaliswe ngokuyinxenye ngamanzi. Bona zibekwe kufutshane elunxwemeni. Umzekelo, oku siqithi uFudo, Biruchiy kunye nabanye.

Le iimpawu ulwandle eziphambili Azov ngokwemiqathango etyuwa, ubunzulu nesiqabu.

Ukuphuculwa kolwandle

Ekubeni, njengoko sele sitshilo, kuLwandle Azov incinci kakhulu, amanzi ngexesha kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, kuhlala kufudumele. Xa wayesemtsha izidanga ezimbalwa kunomzimba, umzekelo, ngo-Black. Sezulu onomoya kunye nemozulu ezimangalisayo wenze kangangoko ukuba iiholide leeholide ibekwe ecaleni konxweme.

ukuba amanzi olwandle kugqalwa ephilisayo. Ukongeza, enjengentlabathi nayo iqulethe izinto ezininzi ziphazamisana kuluncedo emzimbeni womntu. Amanzi kwakhona ilifa imichiza luncedo ezininzi ndzulu ngokugqibeleleyo ngexesha ukuhlamba emzimbeni nge kumphezulu ngesikhumba.

Ukugeza elwandle - umyalezo enkulu. ulawulo radiation elanga, nto leyo ehambisana kuLwandle Azov eliphakathi kwaye sizinzile, lets ukuthatha izifundo Akukho nje rhoqo. indawo enkulu kule - le elunxwemeni Sea Azov.

Ukusuka konke oku sinokugqiba ukuba asinamdla kwichibi zibe yindawo enkulu abe ngawokuphilisa. Ukuphumla ngokufanelekileyo nokuthintela izifo ezahlukeneyo sentliziyo, kwakunye nefuthe entle isixokelelwano sokuphefumla lomzimba, oko kuphakamisa ilizwi layo.