Ukwakhiwa Isakhelo: ubuchwepheshe kunye noyilo

indlu isakhelo nemithi nangaliphi na ixesha anikiweyo zithandwa nje kakhulu kunye nabanini zokuhlala ezisezidolophini. Ngexabiso eliphantsi, ahluke ubunzima yeenzuzo elingenakuphikiswa. Enye yezinto ezilungileyo izakhiwo ezinjalo lula ukwakhiwa. Nguwe kanye ilula - ukwakhiwa isakhelo. Ithekhinoloji Ukwakhiwa kolu hlobo izindlu kwaye kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku.

Types of izindlu isakhelo

Kukho iindidi ezimbini kuphela eziphambili zezindlu. Amaninzi ukuba sakhiwe kwi ubuchwepheshe eFinland. Le ndlela yaziwa eluntwini ukususela kumaXesha Aphakathi. izindlu Finnish bakhelwe kwiplanga kwaye zigqunyiwe ngewulu bezimbiwa. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukufumana ukwandisa ukuthandwa kunye nezinye bokwakha isakhelo zokwakha - waseKhanada. Kulo mzekelo, i uNic usebenzisa lenjongo.

Indlela elijonge ukuziphumeza kukudala iprojekthi

ukwakhiwa Isakhelo, nto leyo eya kuthi ichazwe ngezantsi ubugcisa, njengayo nayiphi na, ukuqalela ukuyilwa. Okokuqala, kufuneka ukuba lijonge indawo endlwini layout yayo. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukukhetha indawo ekunene ukwakhiwa. Phambi kokuba kwakhiwe ummelwane ucingo kufuneka zihlale ubuncinane 3 isithuba ukuya kuqala umgca "red" - ubuncinane 5 m.

Kananjalo kuya kufuneka ukuba ukhethe-engile lasekunene ethambekeni kophahla. It uzimisele ngokodidi izinto nophahla kwakunye umoya nekhephu imithwalo kulo mmandla ethile.

Lo msebenzi ubandakanya:

• plan site ngendawo abaphawulwe kuyo ikamva indlu ebonisa indlela yonxibelelwano lweehagu;
• ngokungqalileyo kunye neprofayili ezayo nesakhiwo;
• icebo le ndlu;
• umzobo okanye i 3D-imodeli;
• Uluhlu zonke izinto eziyimfuneko.

isisekelo

ukwakhiwa Isakhelo (ngezandla zabo okanye iingcali technology), kwakunye naziphi na ezinye, kuqalwa kunye nokwakhiwa isiseko ethembekileyo. Phantsi izindlu ezinjalo zidla efakwe tape okanye mfumba-rostverkovye iziseko. Ukuzalisa ezenziwe eziphathekayo (isamente-intlabathi-nezegrabile Amanani ka-1: 3: 5). Ngaloo ndlela umsebenzi ubandakanya le manyathelo alandelayo:

• Iveliswe ngu indlela yokubala "unxantathu umYiputa".
• Wemba umsele okanye emhadini phantsi iintsika.
• Emazantsi eli ngesanti obegalelwe 20-25 cm.
• Nesiqalo elichithelwa umaleko malunga-5 cm.
• Cwangcisa formwork. Kuba strip lesiseko oko kungenziwa iinkuni, kuba columnar - kwezinto ezifulelwe.
• Sibopha ukuthi kwaye ibekwe unyanzeliso ehokweni. Baya kuqokelela oko ukusuka intonga 12 mm ubukhulu.
• Nomsele okanye umngxuma ezaliswe eziphathekayo. Umphezulu kufuneka ibekwe ngocoselelo phantsi umxube level.

Top wathulula abalwazi iibholiti. Baya kufuneka ukunyusa kwefestile.

Qala ukwakha ibandla isakhelo

Ukwakhiwa iindonga aqala ukufakela kwefestile. Yenza kuyo imithi 100 x 100 okanye 150 x 150 mm. Kwaye ngoko nto zibambene nayo nezitshixo ankile. Ngasemagumbini imivalo ukudibanisa indlela "ngendlela kwisiqingatha-emthini". Foundation phambi kokufaka imfuneko ukuze bayitshekishe ngocoselelo kwinqanaba phezu tye. Ukuba zingangenwa umaleko zalo ezimbini engumxube nophahla, njengokujonga zemastic igada. Ngelo isigaba sokugqibela ukuqinisekisa imibhobho ephantsi yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa floor.

ntsimbi zilapha phezulu Ayanda

Finnish technology ukwakhiwa isidumbu - enyanisweni, indlela ilula kakhulu. Emva kokuba rail esezantsi Iqinisekile, qala, enyanisweni, ukuba ulwakhiwo kweendonga. Izithuba kwikona lokuqala elimisiweyo. Yanxitywa ukuba isiseko kunokuba iikona zentsimbi kwalenza. Okulandelayo, wabeka nezixhaso esiphakathi. Emva kokuba zifakelwe, dlulela ukufakela ngombala eliphezulu. Wasiqinisa kwakhona kwalenza iikona. Zokubangela kuya kufuneka ukuba ukulungisa yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa floor.

Wahlanganisa system eliseluphahleni

Xa sikhokelo beendonga, baqale ukufakela kophahla uya kwakhiwa. yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa Pre-TAC ezinyuselwe yokubeka. Okulandelayo, baya uxhulumeneyo pole ephakeme. Sika emiqadini. Ngokuhlanganisa nabo ngababini, ekukhuliseni uphahla nefakiweyo, kukhuselwe phezu kukubaleka. Ukuze phezulu imilenze yokutrima ayinakutshintshwa ngezikhonkwane okanye iindawo.

"Pie" iindonga

ukwakhiwa Isakhelo (technology walling) lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kuphela ezikumgangatho ophezulu izifudumezi mihla. Oku kuba uboya abangelwe okanye ezinepolisterini. Banciphise isiqalo isakhelo emva inkqubo indibano truss. Okokuqala, ngaphakathi isakhiwo nesakhelo ukutsala usambathisa film. Ngaphezu koko imvelaphi inyuselwa OSB okanye ngamaplanga sheets. Emva koko, phakathi kwezibonda ngaphandle ukufaka vraspor Iizilebhu kwezimbiwa yoboya. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo phezu imbawula ekhwele manzi film. Ukunqabiseka kakuhle ibe noxolelwano. Okulandelayo sheathe iindonga kunye ujike okanye clapboard.

sheathing kophahla

Ukufakelwa uphahla iqala ukulungisa ezisekele amanzi. Le ifilimu fixed tye kunye SAG okungephi. ebhokisini olulandelayo wafaka yaye ekhwele phezu impahla yakhe yophahla zakhe.

ukwakhiwa Isakhelo: ubuchwepheshe evela Canada

Xa Wahlanganisa izakhiwo phezu kwesiseko technology waseKhanada kunye nophahla zakhiwa ngendlela efanayo. Emva bathele isiseko ukuyicamagushela libe lisalele, yaye kuphela kubo - panel-SIP floor. Uwafake phezu ngezikhonkwane, kwaye ekhefu phakathi kwabo zapenivayut.

Okulandelayo ke ukutyibilika ogqityiweyo abe eqiniselweendlwini, nemithi ezweni. Ukuze wenze oku kwaye bar kwigumbi elingaphantsi emngxunyeni kugrunjwa. Onyuswe kwi iibholiti ankile. Igqiza yokuqala zixhonywe kwikona yendlu. Ihambelana yi kwinqanaba ukuqinisekisa ukuba i ezweni ngezikhonkwane brus (ibhodi OSB Buze). Okulandelayo kwimbombo - kwi engile ilungelo lokuqala - ukucwangcisa iqela lenjongo yesibini. Emva koko, ngendlela efanayo inxenye eseleyo lwaqokelelwa iindonga. Iziphelo panels phambi kokufaka zapenivayut. enye nganye banamathele kunye ngezikhonkwane (220 mm). emancamini phezulu panels zivaliwe iibhodi ezweni.

Isakhelo-monolithic technology yokwakha

Izindlu migangatho eziliqela nga ukwakhiwa kunye nendlela eyahlukileyo kancinane. Kulo mzekelo, kanye njengokuba ekwakheni izakhiwo ubuchwepheshe Finnish, behamba kwisakhelo sokuqala kunye istili isetyenziswa shuttering ngenxa ngokugalela ikhonkrithi okanye umxube ovundileyo eziphathekayo. Ukuxhathisa zindlu ngokuqhelekileyo kobuhle umoya. Ngelo xesha elinye kubekho nokuyifeza lokugqibela ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa ujike okanye elibele.

Njengoko ubona, izindlu ifreyim technology zokwakha waseKhanada, njengoko Finnish okanye monolithic, ukuntsonkotha ethile akukho ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ufuna ukwakha bekungayi kuba loo isakhiwo enzima kakhulu.