Ukungasebenzi le nkqubo amafutha ye injini diesel: a ngokutsha izinto kunokwenzeka kunye nezisombululo kwiingxaki

Icebo nasiphi na isithuthi, nokuba idizili okanye ipetroli, ngaphandle inkqubo umbane (ngamanye amagama, fuel). Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba iimoto diesel amafutha umgangatho finicky ngakumbi. It ngokwenene. Kunye nokulungiswa inkqubo enjalo ixabisa kakhulu amaxesha amaninzi eninzi. Namhlanje sijonga yintoni eyenza inkqubo kukudla injini diesel, isakhiwo sayo kunye imibuzo esisiseko.

device

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nkqubo zingasasazwa ibe iziporo zikaloliwe ezimbini: xi phezulu nezisezantsi. Last yenza ulungiselelo amafutha aze ayithumele kwi "kwinqanaba elilandelayo", ukuya isiphaluka sesibini. inkqubo High-ingcinezelo lisebenza njenge-elekhtrons lokugqibela kwigumbi injini yokutsha.

Chain yesiphaluka esezantsi ingcinezelo uquka iqela amacandelo zezakhiwo. Esi sisihluzo, isahluli, lo actuator amafutha, imbawula, kunye impompo. Kwamafutha udlula ngalinye leekhomponenti ngasentla. Impompo kudala uxinzelelo kule nkqubo, imbawula kumo i "ioli idiesel" abandayo kwiqondo lobushushu olifunayo (njengoko ebusika ukuba uguqulwe iparafini udaka), yaye lokucoca kwamafutha aphuma wesibini, kubaluleke ngokulinganayo kwinkqubo wesiphaluka kuyo. Luquka ezi zixhobo zilandelayo:

• Le impompo yamafutha koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Idibanisa kunye lokucoca ulwelo.
• Injectors. Mva kakhulu ukwanda injector nge-elekhtrons ngqo. Kukholelwa ukuba zenzelwe ukuba idosi ngqo ngakumbi zamafutha. Lo matshini angalahlekelwa amandla ngelixa ukusetyenziswa uyawa.
• imigca amafutha - imigca, apho mxube kufakwa iziqulathi.

Ngezantsi sijonga kusilela ephambili kwinkqubo amafutha we diesel.

isiqalo nzima

Ngakumbi rhoqo yenzeka kule ngqele. Kukholelwa ukuba diesel run kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle zokufudumeza ebusika. Ukuze ubuncinane ngandlel nokunciphisa le meko, abenzi aye amafutha Arctic, ebandakanya kudla antizamerzayuschie. Kodwa ke kunzima ukuba ukubaleka ayisoloko sithetha kubaswa zibambene. Ukuba mshini nokuba nzima ukuqalisa "kwi ashushu" Kusenokwenzeka ukuba pump eliphezulu-uxinzelelo eziphosakeleyo, ezizezi sezulu ngenaliti. Kwakhona kubalulekile ekuhloleni engile phambili ubonelelo kukudla injini. ukuguga eli nemilomo, ngenxa apho mxube itshizwe kwi lombhobho embi. Ngokubanzi, ezi zizathu uqalo olunzima diesel injini kakhulu. Ngoko ke, zonke iinkcukacha iyakhangelwa. Iziphene angaba ukuvutha, ukusebenza olungachanekanga umlawuli uxinzelelo, ukunqongophala amafutha phambi impompo. Ezo ukusilela kwinkqubo banjengokudla injini diesel ( "Volkswagen T4" Akukho ngaphandle) zikhatshwa depressurization le migca amafutha, ngenxa apho umoya engena impompo, nto leyo akusekho uyakwazi ukuphuhlisa uxinzelelo oyifunayo.

Fall amandla

Oku kwenzeka ngenxa ukuyinxiba okanye asebenza umonakalo. Kwakhona, ukungasebenzi enjalo inkqubo amafutha we-injini diesel kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kukho imali eyoneleyo zepetroli okungena impompo. Ngenxa phambi kuye lokucoca, kusenokwenzeka ukuba nje ivalekile.

ukusetyenziswa eliphezulu

kuvela ngenxa baboniswa engafanelekanga kusengaphambili engile isitofu kweenkqubo amandla data diesel nandzu. Kwakhona, amafutha ukwanda ibangelwa yokusebenza kabi i impompo yamafutha. Inaliti inqanaba yengcinezelo umxube uphezulu kakhulu. Ukongeza, izinga budget banda ngenxa ucinezelo ephantsi iziqulathi.

Black umsi ukusuka kumbhobho zeemoto

Ukuba phezu "KAMAZ" kucingelwa ukuba i "isifo zezityalo", apho abanini musa ukunikela ingqalelo, ezimotweni amazwe utshaye ukusuka itshimini - isizathu sokucinga nzulu. Le miqondiso lembandezelo injini diesel wayethetha carburetion embi iziqulathi, esenokuba ngenxa elekhtrons emva kwexesha. Kunjalo kuyimfuneko ukukhangela nemilomo kunye nokuvuma kwi vana. "Mnyama" kukodwa akhiwa elitshisiweyo loose nokuvala kwemithambo inani / zeemoto kwe-injini.

White nomusi gray

Mhlawumbi gasket intloko injini ngenqindi. Ukuba ekugqibeleni umsi lingekho, ngeemoto supercooled nje. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ezinezinga wasentla.

umsebenzi onzima

I-injini diesel kwindalo ekuqaleni na ipetroli ingxolo. Noko ke, ukuba ukungcangcazela nangakumbi, mhlawumbi yenzeke elekhtrons ekuqaleni. Ukubekwa diesel tyala sifo lwenziwa yi nemilomo. Kwakhona uhlola inqanaba ucinezelo kwi iziqulathi. inqanaba layo ubuncinane kufuneka ibe 23 eekhilogram nganye sentimitha cc. ukusebenza uhambo phakathi iisilinda ngexesha elifanayo ayidluli 5-10 ekhulwini. I-avareji diesel motor uvelisa malunga 27-30 "ngekhilogram". Ukuze ubone usebenzisa isixhobo okhethekileyo - ucinezelo.

Okha ku chithwa ngolunya

Iimpawu - stroke mfutshane kakhulu emoto. Kulo mzekelo, ulungise intonga namafutha. Kwakhona khangela air filter. Mhlawumbi eziphosakeleyo impompo yamafutha xi ophezulu, nto ke leyo ebangele ayikwazi ukuphuhlisa xi enqwenelekayo kule nkqubo.

Ziyabuya "iduma"

Kulo mzekelo, khangela i washer uphawu phantsi nemilomo. Khangela ukunyusa imigca amafutha phakathi lokucoca kunye nempompo. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, qinisa ngakumbi. Kwakhona, xa iimpawu ezinjalo idizili amafutha injini pump look inkqubo nandzu ipleyiti inkxaso umonakalo. Lingonakali kunokwenzeka Regulator yeenguqu le crankshaft. "Imile" elidadayo ngenxa yoxinzelelo igesi kwemfuneko kwi crankcase - hlola umoya.

injini bama

Ukuba zokuthengisela sendleleni, khangela engile offset of inaliti. Le kukwaphula actuator ukuya uqhagamshelwano pump. Kwakhona, icebo lokucoca ulwelo ingcolile, ngenxa apho kukho ukunqongophala amafutha kunye nonikezelo ngamandla aphansi. Njengoko kuba impompo, oko skewing le Pistons okanye umahluli plane kunokwenzeka. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba impompo - oku yeyona nto kuyabiza kakhulu kwinkqubo kwamandla diesel imoto. Ngenxa isakhiwo kuyilo element nzima ukuze balungise, ngoko ke ixabiso ukuchacha ifaniswa ixabiso umba omtsha ezithengwe kwi disassembly.

ukuvimbela

Ukuphelisa inkqubo amafutha ngokumka injini diesel (kuba ngokwehluleka injini diesel - yinto eninzi ixesha elide), musa wonqena ukwenza zokuthintela. Into yokuqala ukwenza inkqubo ukuhlamba kunye periodicity amaxesha 1-2 ngonyaka ngamnye. Lo msebenzi kubandakanya sichitha itanki amafutha kunye nokususwa emfono "elitshisiweyo" kwi filter amafutha. Practice ubonisa ukuba emazantsi ngexesha lokusebenza uvelisa eninzi elitshisiweyo, apho, xa uqhuba kwi itanki engenanto amacebo ngesiquphe kucocwe kunye nemibhobho.

fuel grade

Ingakumbi kumayelana ukusetyenziswa imoto kwi ebizwa ngokuba yi-ngexesha lotshintsho. Iqondo lobushushu liye lehla, kunye nezitishi igesi athengisa yokutyiwa epetroli zasehlotyeni. Ithe fluidity yayo nokuba degrees -5. Ngakumbi iguqulelwa neparafini ukuba izihlangu impompo kunye izihluzi. Qiniseka ukucacisa kwimpompo apho uhlobo izibaso iya kuphalala - ehlotyeni okanye ebusika. Ukuba ngokwenene Kwathi, ukuba iqondo lobushushu lehla, yaye itanki zasehlotyeni "amafutha emoto ayekwi" umatshini thawing ubuninzi usebenzisa preheater, okanye ukuba imoto abakhweli - sivale isifudumezi egaraji ekhaya. Xa uqala injini idiesel kubalulekile isidanga zonke.

Musa ukuxuba amafutha

Ezinye neengcibi, ukuba kuyimfuneko, qala injini diesel ebusika "bodyazhat" amafutha ipetroli. Ngaba oko ngokucacile akunakwenzeka. ERashiya, elide wathengisa ongeziweyo ezizodwa idiesel arctic ukunceda ukuthintela ukuyilwa iparafini etankini. Enyanisweni, ezi ongeziweyo efanayo ziyongezwa kwi amafutha ehlotyeni njengesiqhelo kwisikhululo igesi - ngoko ke ivela ibe alungele ukusetyenziswa ebusika. Nto iphosakeleyo ngaloo nto. Kodwa ukuxuba kunye ipetroli - ukuzibulala nje (ngokubhekisele kwinkqubo fuel).

ukufudumala ebusika

Ashushu okanye akunjalo? inkqubo zidliwe injini diesel, apho icebo yahluke kakhulu ukusuka petrol, nabo bafuna kwesi senzo. Qala injini, makhe iyasebenza ingasebenzi imizuzu 3-5, emva koko mitha zokuqala 200 Dlula semoto "mnene". injini Diesel, ngokungafaniyo ipetroli, asiphumi - seliphantse ukugqitha ixesha elide. Imihla iyoluka iduma, kakhulu, asifuneki, kodwa balibala isiphakamiso ngasentla ayikho imfuneko.

igesi

Bonke kabi ebangela kwamafutha mgangathweni, bathi, kwizikhululo igesi Russian musa i diesel eqhelekileyo. Oku ngokwesiseko engalunganga. Omnye umthetho olula: imane amafutha eninzi imoto kwizikhululo igesi eyaziwa. Wonke umntu ufuna ukugcina imali ngokuthenga amafutha ngo-10-15 epesenti zitshiphu ixabiso lemarike, ngokoqobo beziyakulifuna efolisiweyo. Noko ke, emva kokuba isibini iiveki, kanye ukulungiswa amafutha, baqale zizibeke, kunye yokugalela amafutha ezithuthi. Enyanisweni oko, kodwa ukuqhuba akukho namnye kumandla. Wena uhlala ukhetho. Khumbula into eziphambili - a itshivela byi kabini.

Indlela ukuze bandise nokuphila impompo yamafutha?

Njengokuba besesitshilo ngaphambili, le yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo kwinkqubo amafutha.

Ukuze nempompo nehigh iza kuhlala ixesha elide kwaye ukusilela kwinkqubo amafutha ye injini diesel iye Ndakushiya ngaphandle, kufuneka:

• Musa ukushiya itanki ebusuku "kwisiqingatha engenanto." Ngoko ke amafu, ngoko leyo lingena singene nemilomo kunye nempompo koomatshini yayo.
• Ngamaxesha athile asophise elitshisiweyo ngokusebenzisa plug idreyini.
• Musa ukuya kwi itanki engenanto narhoqo nebhalbhu ovuthayo.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, siye wafumana iziphene eziphambili diesel. Ngokulandela le mithetho elula, uya wandise ngokubonakalayo ubomi kwenkqubo nokucutha umngcipheko wokuba "yiya ukulungisa."