Ukulungiswa kwetyala: yintoni na? Indlela yokwenza ukulungiswa kwemali mboleko?

Ebomini, kunokubakho iimeko xa kungekho nzima, kodwa kungenakwenzeka, ukuhlawula iimali-mboleko ezathathwa kutshanje. Nabani na obolekayo uyazi oko kunokusongela: isigwebo, ukuthengwa kwepropati kunye nokuqokelela okunyanzelisiweyo ngamatyala ngabaxhasi. Ngokomthetho wanamhlanje, inkundla inelungelo lokuhlengahlengisa ngamandla ityala elixakekileyo. Ngethamsanqa, iibhanki ngokwazo aziphambukisi ukunikezela le nqubo kwingxaki yomboleki, ngaphandle kokuba, ngokuqinisekileyo, akanomdla kwilingo.

Ukulungiswa kwetyala: yintoni na?

Xa uthatha imali mboleko, cishe akukho mboleki ofuna ukujongana ne-bankruptcy, xa kungenakwenzeka ukuhlawula kwiimbopheleleko zemboleko. Kodwa ke, unyaka, ipesenti yeetyala ezithe xaxa zikhula, baninzi babuzwa umbuzo onobulungisa: unokunciphisa njani uxanduva lwemali kunye nokunciphisa umthwalo wetyala? Ngelishwa, abaninzi abanokwazi malunga nenkqubo yokunciphisa inzala kunye nezohlwayo. Kwaye abaninzi banokubuza umbuzo onjengokuhlaziywa kwemali mboleko. Yintoni na? Injongo yale nkqubo kukuba kubhalise isivumelwano sokubolekwa kwemali, apho imigangatho yokugqibela kunye nentlawulo ihlaziywa. Akufanele idideke ngokuhlaziya ityala! Xa kukho ukulungiswa kwemboleko, isivumelwano siyakusayinwa kuphela kwiziko lezemali apho kuthathwa ityala, kwaye xa kuhlaziywa - nakweyiphi enye ibhanki.

Iimpawu zokuhlengahlengiswa

Inkqubo yokubolekwa kwemali mboleko iyinto yonke, kodwa isizathu esiyinhloko sokusungulwa kwayo kubakho ukuhlawulwa kweentlawulo kunye nezivumelwano ezigqityiweyo. Emva koko, xa kuhlaziywa, izinto ezinjalo zingabangela isizathu sokwenqaba, kodwa ziyamkeleka kuphela xa kuhlengahlengiswa. Ukongezelela koko, ubukho bezohlwayo sisona sizathu esibalulekileyo sokuhlaziywa kwemimiselo yesivumelwano kunye nomboleki. Iibhanki zinkqubo zenkundla ezingenzi nzuzo, ezithwala ukulahleka kwexesha kunye nokunyuka kwiphothifoliyo mboleko. Kwezinye iimeko, i-potifoliyo eyongezelelweyo yemali ithatha ukwehla ngokuzenzekelayo kwizibonakaliso zebhanki, kwaye abo banciphisa ukulinganiswa kweziko.

Izizathu eziphambili zokulungiswa kwakhona

Ukuphinda ubhalise isivumelwano kunye:

1. Ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi ngumboleki.
2. Amanqanaba engeniso engaphantsi.
3. Ukugula okukhulu komboleki okanye amalungu omndeni.
4. Ezinye izizathu ezifanelekileyo ezichaphazela kakhulu ukuhla kweentlawulo.

Izinzuzo zokulungiswa kwakhona

Ngokomzekelo, xa kukho ukulungiswa kwetyala le-mboleko kwi-Sberbank, iingenelo zomboleki oxakekayo zicacile:

1. Ukukwazi ukugcina iimbali zentengo enetyala, ngokuxhomekeke kumatyala amancinci.
2. Ubuchule bokuthintela izigwebo eziza kuthintela kakhulu isimo sengqondo somntu onetyala.
3. Xa kwenzeka ubunzima bezezimali, ukubhalisa kwakhona umnkonophelo kaninzi kunika ithuba lokugcina idumela elihle, kodwa nokugcina imali. Ngokusayina isivumelwano esinenzuzo eninzi kunye nentshisekelo encinci (iibhanki zinqabile kakhulu ukwenza oku, kuphela kwiimeko "ezizimeleyo" kuphela).
4. Ukuphephelwa kwebhanki lomntu ngokuseka iintlawulo ezintsha kunye nemihla yokuhlawula eyamkelekileyo kwimiba mibini.
5. Ukuhlengahlengiswa kwetyala lomboleko kwiBhanki ye-Savings kunika ithuba lokukrazula ngokupheleleyo izigwebo kunye nezihlwayo.
6. Gweba ukunxibelelana kunye nokuqokelela okunyanzelisiweyo kwamatyala ngabaxhasi abalawulayo.

Iinkalo eziphambili zokulungiswa kwemali mboleko

Okwangoku kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeengxelo zeentengo phantsi kweprogram yohlengahlengiso, oku:

1. Ukongezwa, okanye ukuguqula umhla wokugqibela wokubuyiswa kwemali eboleweyo. Umzekelo, umboleko wawuthatyathwa iminyaka engama-5. Emva kokunyuswa, umhla wokugqibela wokubuyiswa waguqulelwa iminyaka engama-7, ngelixa intlawulo yenyanga yancitshiswa.
2. Utshintsho lwemali mboleko. Leyo ayiyona indlela eyaziwayo kakhulu kwiibhanki zaseRashiya, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeemeko zoqoqosho, isanda kusetshenziselwa. Kuvunyiwe kuphela kubaboleki abalungileyo, ngokweemeko ezamkelekileyo kumabini omabini. Kule meko, umboleko okhishwe kwi-US / yaseYurophu imali ithathelwe indawo kunye neeruble eziqwalasela izinga kunye nomdla okhoyo.
3. Unako ukufumana "iholide yeholide". Ukukhutshwa okunjalo kusetyenziswa ngababolekayo abalahlekelwa yimisebenzi yabo ngexesha elide kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6. Ukuze ufumane le nkonzo, kufuneka ufake isicelo kwibhanki ngesicelo esifanelekileyo, emva kokuvunyelwa ukuba umbolekayo akwazi ukuhlawula umyinge okwesikhashana, kodwa kuphela inani letyala eliyinhloko. Isohlwayo ayibalwa.
4. Ukukhanselwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokukodwa kokuhlawulwa kwezigwebo kunye neentlawulo.
5. Nciphise inzala kwimali mboleko. Isetyenziselwa ukungaqhathaniswa kwaye kuphela kubathengi abathembekileyo nabangqina.

Iinzuzo zokulungiswa kwetyala

Xa kwenzeka ubunzima bezezimali, kunokwenzeka ukuqhuba inkqubo engenabuhlungu yokutyikityina isivumelwano kunye nemigangatho efanelekileyo kakhulu. Ukulungiswa kwetyala: yintoni na? Oku kubaluleke kakhulu isibheno kwibhanki ngesicelo esifanelekileyo nesicelo sokuhlaziywa kwemimiselo yesivumelwano semboleko. Ngokomzekelo, ngokubhala isicelo sokulungiswa kwemboleko, iSberbank (isampula uza kunikwa ngumqeshwa wesebe), kuya kufuneka ubonise kuyo isizathu sokubhena eso sibheno. Kwaye ukuba ibhanki ithola isizathu sokuhlonela, baya kusayina isivumelwano kunye nawe kwiimeko ezininzi zokukhupha.

Inkqubo ngokubanzi yokuphunyezwa kwembuyekezo

Xa ufaka isicelo kunye nokufaka inkqubo yokulungiswa kwemithetho, kukho imigaqo eqhelekileyo kuwo onke amaziko emali angase ahluke. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze ulungiso lwemali mboleko, kufuneka ulungiselele iphakheji elandelayo yamaphepha:

1. Ipasipoti yommi waseRussian Federation.
2. Isicelo sokulungiswa kwemali mboleko yeSberbank, isampula apho iya kukunika umphathi weziko.
3. Incwadi yokuqala yerekhodi lomsebenzi eneenqaku malunga nokuxothwa okanye ukunciphisa umvuzo.
4. Isiqinisekiso somvuzo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukusuka emsebenzini wokugqibela.
5. Isiqalo esisinyanzelo sesatifikethi esivela kwinkonzo yengqesho yesithili, esimele ifake ulwazi malunga nomhla wokubhaliswa kunye nenani leenzuzo zenyanga (ukuba kukho).
6. Imvume yomlingane ngokulungiswa kwematyala.

Konke olu luhlu lwamaphepha luyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhanki inelisekile ngokukhubazeka okwethutyana komboleki kwaye uye wagqiba isigqibo sokulungiswa kwemboleko. Yintoni oku kucaca kwimeko yokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuzo zonke izigaba zokuqokelela amaxwebhu kunye nokusayinwa kwekhontrakthi efanelekileyo.

Xa kuyimfuneko ukufaka isicelo sokulungiswa kwetyala

Xa kukho ityala elibuhlungu, kufuneka ufune ngokukhawuleza uncedo kwibebe elikufutshane lebhanki yakho. Ukuba akukho nto inokwenzeka, kufuneka ufonele umnxeba kunye nencoko yocingo ichaze imeko. Kungenzeka ukuba uya kuthunyelwa kwi-ofisi ephakathi yesithili, kwingcali kwiingxowa-mboleko zemali-mboleko, oza kuqhubeka nokuqhuba intetho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufaka isicelo kwi-bhanki ukuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano semali-mboleko kuze kufike umzuzu xa ifomathi ezinkulu kunye nezohlwayo zisetyenziswa. Ngaphambili, kukho ubukhulu obuphezulu bokubuyiselwa kwesivumelwano nakwiimpawu ezilungileyo kakhulu kumbolekayo, ngaphandle kohlwayo kunye nezohlwayo.

Ukuba kuvela ubunzima bezezimali, qha ga mshelana neofisi esondeleyo ukuze uncede. Amabhanki ngokwawo awanomdla ekuqokeleleleni amatyala enkcitho kunye nokugweba okulandelayo.

Ukulungiswa kwamatyala amabi

Kwimeko. Ukuba ityala lakho libe yingxaki kwaye inzala kunye nezohlwayo sele zifikile, iibhanki zinokukunikezela ukulungiswa komsebenzi, kodwa kunye nesici esincinci. Xa ukulungiswa kwamatyala amabi, iibhanki zingabonakali zibhale iintlawulo kunye nezohlwayo, ngoko bazama ukuhlawula yonke imali kwisivumelwano semboleko. Xa usayina, khawuqwalasele. Ngenxa yokungavumelani, ngamanye amaxesha amabhanki aya kudibana nababoleki, ukunciphisa okanye ukubhala ngokupheleleyo iintlawulo kunye nezohlwayo. Kule nqanaba, amabhanki anikezela ukulungiswa kwakhona, njengenyathelo lokugqibela kumbolekayo phambi kokufakwa kwamaphepha enkundla.

Ukuhlengahlengiswa kwemboleko yomboleki

Olu hlobo lohlengahlengiso ludume kakhulu kwi-market credit market. Inkqubo yokulungiswa kwemboleko yomthengi ilula, ayifuni amaxwebhu angaphezulu, kwaye iibhanki zibujonga ngeminwe. Ukubolekwa kwemali mboleko kubandakanya: amakhadi ekweretheni, ixabiso elibanjwe kwisixhobo kunye nezinye iimpahla ezincinane ezifikelela kwii-1 zamawaka. Uninzi lwezivumelwano zohlengahlengiso ziboleko zemali zabathengi kwiimfuno ezincinci zendlu.

Inkqubo yokulungiswa kwakhona ilula, iibhanki ziya kudibana ngokuzithandela, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu - umbolekeki akakwazi ukulibaziseka ngesigqibo somba. Emva koko, ngokukhawuleza ujika kwiziko lemali, iimeko ezingcono onokuzibonela zona.