Ukuhlelwa welds kunye namalungu

Le impumelelo nokusebenza kuxhomekeke ekufumanekeni izinto yesixhobo kunye nezakhono. Ukuze baphumelele naliphi na ishishini, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni ulwalathiso ke, kakhulu iphembelela nalo ulwazi le ngcamango. umsebenzi welding kucingelwa ukuba phakathi ixhaphakileyo.

Ngokuba lo hlobo lomsebenzi na izinto eziyimfuneko, izixhobo, amava kunye nolwazi theoretical component. Ekubeni Iyakwazi ulwazi oluyimfuneko, umntu ifumana ingcamango yintoni umthungo apho kukho ukuhlelwa welds nendlela ukukhetha ukhetho ilungileyo nokuhlangana iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zesinyithi.

Yintoni weld?

Ngexesha lenkqubo welding ibandakanya inxalenye metal ezintathu: amaqhina oqhagamshelwano yi wesithathu, wenza njengoko i electrode yesondo emibini yentsimbi. Apho kudibana kwezinye iinxalenye nganye ebuntsimbi kwenzeka inkqubo thermal, bakha umthungo. Ngoko ke, lo umthungo - kuba inxenye yobume metal, evela sesichengeni edidekile yaye eqina yentsimbi.

Ukujoyina yi welding kunokuba nayiphi iintsimbi. Baye nesakhiwo yabo ethile, njengoko apho uhlobo olukhethiweyo oluthile lokubopha. Ukuhlelwa welds ezenziwe, kuxhomekeke kudidi lwe nokuhlangana, izinto, kunye nezinye iparameters. Kuba compound nganye olunemimiselo zalo umyalelo kwabo abulawe.

zobukhulu

Kukho ukuhlelwa welds ubude. Kuxhomekeke kubungakanani, le welds zezi:

• Mfutshane. Ubukhulu ayidluli-30 cm. Ingenamthungo enjalo ivela njenge ngenxa iwelding, lwenziwa kwicala elinye ukususela ekuqaleni kuse ekupheleni.
• I-avareji. ubude komphetho - 30 cm ukuya kwimitha 1. Ezi seams ofunwa ukusuka ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kubo, indlela efanelekileyo back-step. kubume bayo usendleleni yokuba yonke umthungo yahlulwe yangamacandelo eziliqela, nto leyo zilungiswa yi welding. Nganye kwezi ziqwempu linobude cm-10 ukuya kwi-30.
• Long (imitha ngaphezu kwesinye). Welding, ngokunjalo amalungu naphakathi nje, kunye mahluko kuphela kukuba inani iziza ziya kubakho ngaphezulu.

Types of welds

Ukuhlelwa welds ikhutshwa phandle kananjalo owandayo uhlobo. Kukho iintlobo ezine obuchopho zezi:

• lempundu;
• T-bar;
• emathangeni;
• emboxo.

Uhlobo kakhulu

Ngexesha lempundu coupling kuthathelwa ingqalelo ububanzi imveliso. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ugcine inxalenye enkulu lo mbandela.

Lempundu abambelele ithathwa kakhulu zithandwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba inkqubo welding - ekhule yaye kakhulu nenoqoqosho.

T-segesi. Iimpawu kunye neziphakamiso

Ngokuba lo hlobo T-imilo wokujoyina amanqaku clutch metal isici. Njengoko lempundu yothethathethwano, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe ububanzi intsimbi, ngokuxhomekeke apho asekhona single-enamehlo kabini kabini.

Ukusebenzisa olu hlobo bamba, kufuneka bathobele ezi zikhokelo zilandelayo:

• Ukwenza welding kwi tee kokubonisa iimveliso ezimbini ukuba nende ezahlukeneyo, oko kuyimfuneko iwelding ithotshi ngokunxulumene imveliso ziyatyeba ukuba bagcine engile degrees 60.
• umsebenzi welding kulula ukuba beka wokwakha "kwi iphenyane." Loo ukuma workpiece uya kuphelisa undercuts, Bakhumbula engaphekisiswanga imimandla ukuba olu hlobo clutch zezona iziphene zixhaphakileyo.
• Ukuba ukugwebileyo ukuwelda ithotshi iya kuba kuphumelele, ekubeni ukuze zihlale iinxalenye enesiphako, kufuneka uyipheke enza iwelding electrode oscillation.
• I T-amalungu omzimba kwaye avalele welding lwayo. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa izixhobo welding Oineo Tronic Pulse, evumela RW-utywala.

welding ukudlulela

Umgaqo olu hlobo lonxibelelwano sikuko i welding mazwe amanqaku abo ubukhulu ayikho ngaphezulu kwe-1 cm. Le welding lisetyenziswa apho kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukufuma ukuba angangeni umsantsa phakathi kwamacwecwe ngentsimbi. Le umthungo ukhandwa ezimbini umsebenzi onjalo. Olu hlobo amalungu welding kugqalwa elide kwaye ayikho ukonga, ekubeni lo msebenzi ifuna izinto ezingakumbi.

ukubambelela emboxo

Olu hlobo iwelding isetyenziswa ngokujoyina amanqaku metal kwindawo aa Incopho na omnye komnye. Kuxhomekeka Ebubanzini kuxwebhu lembombo welding luphawulwa ubukho okanye ukungabikho ezinemiphetho chamfered. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, eli hlobo uxhulumaniso wenziwa ngaphakathi imveliso.

welds ifomu

Classification welds kumphezulu engaphandle ichaza iindidi ezintathu:

• Flat. Effective legciwane obuluqilima kunye nokuxuba, ngokuba ezi beentanda zakho (ezifana phakathi) Akukho xi xi kunokubangela utshintsho ngesiquphe ndiwatshabalalise ukubambelela welding.
• Phakathi. Kuthathwa weld avumelekile wephiko, engadlulanga 0.3 cm. Kungenjalo wephiko weld kucingwa kakhulu kwaye ithathwa njenge siphene. Walinganisa inqanaba wephiko kwindawo apho kukho kuka mkhulu.
• Equmbile ezivuzayo. Vuka kukwakhelana isixa esikhulu ngentsimbi eqina kwaye zithathwa uneconomic. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, joint weld, sinikela umthungo khaxa umthwalo ngempumelelo ezingashukumiyo ngaphezu umchiza kunye weld tyaba okanye phakathi. convexity ukubonisa - umgama ukusuka kumphezulu metal umzali kwindawo zeenduli Buze. Standard ingqalelo protuberances hayi ngaphezulu 0.2 cm, wenza kwezinye iindawo zale welding ezingezantsi hayi ngaphezulu kwe-0.3 cm ukuze iwelding.

Ukuhlelwa welds kwi sikhundla kwisithuba

Ngokutsho kwiimpawu indawo kwisithuba kukho iindidi ezine amalungu, nganye eneyazo iimpawu zayo, neengcebiso iwelding:

• ezivuzayo Lower. Kule inkalo yobugcisa kakhulu elula. Welding le beentanda asezantsi wenziwa endaweni ethe tyaba kwindawo ezantsi. Le nkqubo luphawulwa kwimveliso ophezulu kunye nomgangatho. Oku kungenxa iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu le kopi. Metal Rasplavlivaemy ubunzima bayo bulawulwa tye luhle bath welding. Ngeli sipheka seams ephantsi lula ukuyilandela. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngokukhawuleza.
• amalungu Tye. Welding nzima kancinane. Ingxaki kukuba intsimbi linyibilike phantsi kweempembelelo ubunzima bayo uba sasi- ungqameko olungezantsi. Oku kubandakanya undercuts kummandla weli cala eliphezulu.
• amalungu nkqo. Zihlanganisi zibangelwa iimveliso zesinyithi amalungiselelo-moya nkqo.
• Amalunga eluphahleni. Le welding ithathwa kakhulu anzima kunye noxanduva. Luphawulwa ubuncinane wentuthuzelo. Ngexesha lenkqubo welding utrudnyaetsya slags ukhetho kunye neegesi. Nale ishishini ukumelana ukuba wonk 'umntu umele amava abanzi, ngoko ke ugcine njani esiwa phezu kobuso zeBlack lula ukuba inkqubela ayikho. Kubalulekile ukuba bagcine umgangatho kunye namandla zo xhulumaniso.

Njengoko luchazwa yi welds kunye noqhagamshelo?

Ucalulo kunye nolwabiwo welds wenza ukusebenzisa imifanekiso ezizodwa, imigca kunye callouts. Bona kubekwa umzobo indibano kunye nesakhiwo ngokwaso. Ukuhlelwa welds kunye namalungu abonisa, ngokutsho uxwebhu eqhelekileyo, kunye imigca ezizodwa, esenokuba rhoqo okanye eyaphukileyo. Continuous okhethwe welds ezibonakalayo, i kwacunyuzwa - ongabonakaliyo.

Imiqondiso weld kubekwa phezu kwithala senkokeli (ukuba umthungo kubekwe kwicala ngaphambili). Okanye, phezu koko, phantsi kwithala, ukuba umthungo lifumaneka kwi ngasemva. Ngoncedo lwe icon ibonisa ukuhlelwa welds, intermittence zabo, indawo yokuhlala izahluko welding.

Vala imifanekiso emikhulu abongeziweyo. Bona ziqulathe ulwazi yangasemva:

• emkayo ukuqinisa weld;
• zonyango komhlaba ukulungiselela inguqu kwamagingxi metal nokuthintela unokukhawuleza kunye angalinganiyo;
• of line phezu apho umthungo (ukuba ivaliwe).

Kuba izakhiwo ezifanayo kunye iindawo iindwendwe, kukho ubhalo eqhelekileyo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa. Ukuba kukho twatse kwamalungu zokwakha, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba amanani serial kwaye yahlulwa ngokwamaqela, nto leyo nayo kuba lula abayabelwe amanani. Yonke ingcaciso inani lamaqela kunye namalungu kufuneka icaciswe kuxwebhu olumisiweyo.

isikhundla joint

Classification weld komphetho isekelwe sikhundla. Zezi:

• Unilateral. Akhiwa iwelding sheets, Ebubanzini oko akuthethi ngaphezulu 0.4 cm.
• Kabini kabini. Ziphakama xa welding-kabini ezimbini ngentsimbi sheets olulingana 0.8 cm. Kuba ezimbaxa nganye kucetyiswa ukuba ushiye izithuba-2-millimitha, ngokuzibonelela adhesion.

ebuntwini kunokwenzeka

Iziphene ngexesha welding kunokwenzeka ngenxa ephakame gqitha ekhoyo ngoku kunye ombane kwi arc. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umphumo yokuntlokothiswa kabi i electrode. Ukuhlelwa iziphene welds kuxhomekeka kwindawo yabo;

• Internal. Kuba ubuchule babo bangabonwa iyasetyenziswa, kukulawula: isakhiwo hayi etshabalalisayo kokutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye.
• Yangaphandle. lula ukuba ziyazibhaqekela yi uviwo lweMatriki lwangaphandle.

Ngenxa kwephulwa iimeko welding i okubangwa kukunqongophala kwezakhono, ukunqongophala umsebenzi wolungiselelo owenziwe imilinganiselo engeyiyo, iziphene zihlukaniswe:

• Unqongophalo fusion. Kubonakala kungekho lendawo fusion phakathi izinto wajoyina. Iziphumo siphene ekwandeni xi kunye nokucuthwa kwicandelo omhlophe. Esi siphaku kumalungu uyilo sizibonakalisa ne amandla ephantsi kunye nokuthembeka. ukungabikho fusion isizathu inokuba ukungabikho ngoku, iintsimbi kwindlela ukuzila.
• Kungangabikho. Isiphako ukwehla yasekuhlaleni ububanzi metal. Le ngxaki kwenzeka kufuphi imida welds.
• Burn-nge. Esi siphaku kumalungu buphuma nemingxuma ifomu kwi weld. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa ukuvuza etyhidiweyo ukusuka webhate iwelding. Burn-ngokusebenzisa - oku siphene engamkelekanga, kufuneka ngokukhawuleza alungiswe.
• mngxuma Nezavarenny okanye uxinezeleko. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba i arc waphula ngexesha indlela ukuya ekupheleni umthungo.
• Yokufika. Isiphako kuboniswa wicking le metal weld kwi metal ngaphandle nokumanyana.

Ubangelwa iziphene yahluke kakhulu, kodwa ayakwazi ngokulinganayo zokunciphisa adhesion amandla, ukuthembeka zokusebenza, ukuchaneka Awonakalise ukubonakala imveliso.