Ukucocwa kwamanzi: iimpompo, umgaqo wokusebenza

Ukunyanzeliswa kokusebenza kwindlu yelizwe akuyi kuthiwa igama xa kungenakongezwa kunye nenethiwekhi yobunjineli oya kunika uncedo oluqhelanisiweyo kumntu ohlala kwisixeko esikhulu. Unokwenza umsebenzi onjalo ngokuzimeleyo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa uncedo olungaphandle, oluya kubonga kubakhi. Njengenye yezinto eziphambili zekhaya elizimeleyo okanye i-cottage, ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuthuthwa kwamanzi, kwaye enye yeendlela zokukhethwa kwayo yinkqubo yoxinzelelo. Ilungiselela:

• Isikhululo sepompo okanye ipompo enye;
• Iipayipi;
• Ukwazi okanye kakuhle.

Ezi zokugqibela zizisetyenziselwa ukuqokelela i-waste liquids ukuba akukho ukufikelela kwinkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi emzimbeni. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba inkqubo yokucinywa kwamanzi okucinywa kufuneka ifakwe kuphela ukuba akukho nangoko ukufaka inkqubo yendalo.

Umgaqo wokusebenza

Umjelo wocociso osebenzayo kumgaqo othile, unikezela ukunikezelwa kwenkunkuma yetsholongwane kwisakhiwo esithile okanye esinye isakhiwo ngokuhlala kwipayipi eya emthonjeni okanye emnye umqokeleli wamanzi. Ukusebenzisa umpompo ongezelelweyo kunye nesixhobo sokugaya izinto ezinkulu ezifaka inkqubo kunye neendlela zokuhambisa amanzi, okanye ukufakela ukupompa, iipayipi zidibanisa i-owage ukuya kwinkqubo yokucoca amanzi emaphakathi.

Ngaba kulungile ukusebenzisa umgca wokhuseleko lomkhuhlane

Ukucocwa kwamanzi okuncinci kunamathuba amaninzi, phakathi kwabo kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuba kungenzeka ukusebenzisa umbhobho ode, ovumelekileyo ukuba ube nobuncinane obukhulu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iindleko zezimali zokufakela nokugcinwa kweenkqubo zingancitshiswa, kuba izakhiwo zokucoca ziya kutshintshwa ngepompo.

Le nkqubo yokuthuthwa kwamanzi ihlelwe ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, kwaye ilungiselelo alikho isidingo sokuqhuba umhlaba owongezelelekileyo, oya kuthi unxulumene nesixa esikhulu sempahla. Unokuqiniseka ukuba ingozi yokuvala i-clogging iyancitshiswa, kuba inkqubo isebenzisa i-shredders, ezixhotyiswe ngamapompo. Ukucinywa kwamanzi okudityaniswa kwamanzi kukwahlukana nobomi bexesha elide, elichazwe ngokusetyenziswa kweepayipi ezinamandla, kunye nokufakelwa okuzodwa. Le nxalenye ikwabangelwa ukungabikho kwezinto ezinomthamo kumanzi enkunkuma.

Ukukhethwa kombhobho

Esinye sezihlandlo ezibalulekileyo kwilungiselelo leenkqubo ezichaziweyo kukuba kukhethwe iibhobho zokwakhiwa kwamanzi okuhambisa amanzi. Oku kungenxa yokuba iimveliso ziya kuthatha ngokukhawuleza ukunyuka kwengcinezelo. Isixhobo sokupompoza siya kuqala ukusebenza ngesando samanzi, esingaphantsi kombhobho wamanzi.

Xa ukhetha iipayipi kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba banokuxinzelelwa kwi-1.6 MPa. Kubalulekile ukuhlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kumandla amacandelo omzimba, kuba ezi nodes ziyizona zikhuselekileyo. Ukuba ubeka ipayipi yangaphandle kwindawo yokuqhwala komhlaba, unokuhlangabezana nokubonakala kwe-ice caps ngexesha lokusebenza, oku kwandisa iimfuno zamandla amancinci amancinci kunye ne-elasticity. Yingakho loo mveliso kufuneka imelane nokunyuka kweqhwa kwiindibano ezidibeneyo.

Kungekude kudlulileyo, isistim se-ewage system sasixhotyiswe kuphela ekusebenziseni iipayipi zensimbi zetsimbi, ezazikwazi ukufikelela kwimithwalo ephakamileyo. Le nkcazelo ibonakala ngokuzinza, ubomi benkonzo ende kunye nokuchasana nemithombo yamanzi. Kodwa iinkqubo zanamhlanje zixinzelele i-polyethylene kwisakhiwo sombhobho.

Indlela yokuvelisa i -polyethylene edibanisa i-polyethylene ivumela ukufumana iimpawu ezigqwesileyo ze-elasticity and strength. Ngoncedo lwabo, unokwenza iimbobo ezincinane. Ukuxhuma ipayipi ye-PVC ngamanzi okuhambisa amanzi, kufuneka usebenzise umshini wokumakrola, otshaya iindawo eziya kwiindawo ezincibilikiweyo. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba u-docking unokwenzeka, ukungena kwamanye ama-molecule kuyenzeka, okuqinisekisa ukuba uxhulumano lukhulu.

Ukufakwa koxinzelelo lwamanzi

Ukufakwa koxinzelelo lwe-sewerage kufuneka kulungiselelwe ukwakhiwa komququzeleli ophakathi, owakhelwe kwimimiselo efanayo njengoko isityalo sonyango. Isakhono salo senziwe ngezakhiwo zeplastiki, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Eurocubes. Ezinye izisombululo ziquka izindandatho zekhonkrithi, i-cube yekhonkrithi okanye izinto ezilungisiweyo, apho kusetyenziswa isiphaluli esivaliweyo.

Ummiselo ophakathi uvaliwe, uvaliwe, kodwa unikezela isisenti sokungenisa umoya ukwenzela ukunikezelwa kwe-oksijini, okuyimfuneko kakhulu kumsebenzi weebhaktheriya ze-aerobic. Ngaphantsi kwe-settlement ephakathi, i-sludge esebenzayo iya kubutha. Ibhaktheriya ye-Anaerobic ekwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwe-oksijini isebenza kuyo. Kwinkqubo, i-sludge yenziwe, kufuneka isuswe ngamaxesha ngamaxesha ngoncedo lomshini wokuthuthwa kwamanzi. Ngenxa yale njongo, itanki eliphakathi kufuneka libe ne-hatch apho ubukhulu bayo buyonelisa iimfuno zale misebenzi.

Iingcebiso zomsebenzi

Umjelo wamanzi ongaphandle wamanzi uxhotyiswe ngokwemigangatho ethile ye-algorithm, kwisigaba sokuqala apho kuyimfuneko ukudala iphrojekthi, iipayipi kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo zithengwa, kwaye umsebenzi wokucandwa komhlaba uyenziwa. Iifomthi ziya kufakwa kwipayipi. Isinyathelo esilandelayo siya kuba ukufakelwa kweemibhobho kunye nokufakwa kwepompo. Zonke iindawo zenkqubo zixhunyiwe, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuthuthwa kwamanzi emzimbeni kunokuxhunyezwa kwinkqubo ephakathi.

Ndibano yequla

Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwamanzi ezidityanisiweyo zixinaniso ezibalulekileyo ekwakheni ezo zixhobo. Zifanele zifakwe kufuphi nomzi, kwaye izantsi zazo mazifanele zikhuseleke kakuhle. Ngaphandle koko, kunokwenzeka ukuba amanzi okuthuthwa kwamanzi aza kuba semhlabeni. Ekugqityiwe kwiphepha lwenziwa ngekhonkrithi, isitena okanye isitini. Ubungakanani bodonga kufuneka bube malunga no-25 cm.

Icala elingaphandle lifakwe kwi-bitumen, kwaye ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kumthombo kubalulekile ukuba ulunge kwaye uhluthe iiplanga. Ukuba isistim se-ewage system siza kuba neendandatho zekhonkrithi ekubunjweni, ngoko zibekwe kwisitya esikhethekileyo. Ukuze unwebe ubomi bompompo, umthombo kufuneka ube namacandelo amabini, owokuqala oza kuqokelela i-drain, ngelixa ipompo yesibini iya kufakwa, iya kusebenza emva kokuba amanzi athululelwe ukusuka kwigumbi lokuqala aze afinyelele kumgangatho othile.

I-Slope ngexesha lokufakwa kwepayipi

Umthamo wokhuseleko lomkhumbi kufuneka ube malunga neekhilomitha ezintathu ukuya kweyodwa imitha yokusebenza, oku kuyinyaniso kwimibhobho ene-diameter ye-50 mm okanye ngaphantsi. Ukuba ububanzi buya kwanda ukuya kwi-110 mm, umthamo kufuneka ulingane nama-centimitha amabini. Kukho neyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu yokungcola kwangaphakathi nangaphakathi. Iipayipi ze-PVC zokuthuthwa kwamanzi kufuneka zifakwe ngombono wokuba i-slope yabo yonke indawo ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni kufuneka ilingane no-15 cm. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinga lokukhupha lomhlaba ngokufaka ifayile yokuthuthwa kwamanzi angaphandle.

Izinto ezikhethekileyo zokubeka iipayipi zengcinezelo

Njengoko kuyaziwa, enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yoxinzelelo lwamanzi yomsinga kukuba ipompo inokukwazi ukubonelela ngogonyamelo olunjalo, ovumela ukuba izinto zibekwe ngokukhawuleza ixesha elide, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela i-slope ephakanyisiweyo. Oku kuyinyaniso nakwiimeko xa kunzima ukuthatha le parameter kwi-akhawunti.

Imibhobho yoxinzelelo iqulethe indlela yokugaya. Umntu wokuqala kufuneka abe nobubanzi obukhulu. Inkqubo enjalo ingasetyenziselwa, umzekelo, kwiworkshop yokucoca ngemifuno. Kwiimibhobho yokuthuthwa kwamanzi okuncincileyo kuneemfuno ezimbalwa, ezingenakutsholwa malunga nenkqubo yoxinzelelo. Ukuthuthwa kwamanzi okungaphepheli, okuluhlobo oluvulekileyo, lunokubeka phezu kweendawo zokuhambisa amanzi kwezinye iindawo.

Xa kunikezela uthungelwano lwamanzi ngeemibhobho zogonyamelo, umntu makangacinga ingcinezelo kunye nobunzima bombane oseburhulumenteni ngexesha elithile kunye nawaphi na amacandelo. Ngoko ke, iipayipi ezinjalo mazibekwe ngokubanzi, kuphela ngale ndlela umthwalo ogqithiseleyo kuwo uya kuncipha. Kufuneka kwakhona kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ngenxa yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nobukhulu beendonga, iipayipi zengcinezelo ziyindzima, ngoko azinconywa ukuba zibekwe kwizinto ezixhasayo okanye ezixhasayo, oku kungenziwa kuphela ngobude obungabalulekanga bendiza. Uxinzelelo lunokuba lukhulu kakhulu, ngoko ke ukuphinda uxinzelelo kungathandeki.

Isiphelo

Namhlanje, isisombululo esona siphumelele kakhulu kwiindlela zokugonywa kwamanzi i-polyethylene iipayipi, ezingafani nakwezinye ezenziwe ngePVC. Kodwa banomlinganiselo omkhulu we-elasticity and strength, kwaye banokuba nobukhulu obukhulu beendonga. Ingxolo yangaphandle iipayipi ziphantse zingenakwenzeka, ngokuba zingekho phantsi kweemveliso ezenziwe ngentsimbi yentsimbi.