Ukubalwa umonakalo kokusingqongileyo: indlela, umzekelo. Ukubalwa ayekwe umonakalo wemo engqongileyo

Ukubala ifuthe kokusingqongileyo kwimveliso ethile ngendlela efanayo njengoko iintlawulo okanye irhafu ngokungcoliseka, ukubuyiselwa kwezibonelelo zendalo, kunye nabanye abaninzi yenye yeendlela yezoqoqosho ibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kwendalo.

ERashiya, ukuphunyezwa kwale ndlela lijongene inani elikhulu iingxaki ezahlukeneyo, leyo inkxalabo zombini zomthetho kwinqanaba practical. Ingxaki ethile kule meko kukuba ukubalwa umonakalo zokusingqongileyo ngokwaneleyo ezinikezelwa yi-mthetho.

Yintoni lobubi komthetho?

Kukho izikhewu ezininzi kule mithetho ekhoyo ngoku:

• imigaqo yokubala ixhomekeke umonakalo wemo engqongileyo, sizimisele ngokwaneleyo okanye ayichazwa;
• unanamhla sihlala hlobo lichaza umonakalo kokusingqongileyo endle zomthetho;
• Baye azizange zichongwe naziphi na iindlela ezithile zobugcisa ekubaleni kufuneka kwenziwe njani ngaphandle umonakalo engqongileyo;
• Akukho nkqubo ukuba wenziwe ukubala enjalo.

Yintoni na?

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ethi "umonakalo lokusingqongileyo" yingcamango eqhelekileyo kuncwadi owayephila lwezenzululwazi, kwaye nkqu esetyenziswa izenzo ezithile zomthetho kumthetho Russian ayiqulathanga ingqiqo ecacileyo kwabo ukuba nendlela kufuneka kubalwe ukuba umonakalo wemo engqongileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uncwadi lwezenzululwazi ixhaphakile le ndlela, njengako apho izenzo umonakalo kokusingqongileyo nje ixabiso okubangelwa iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo ezibangelwa ngezenzo ezahlukahlukeneyo naziphi na izibonelelo zendalo kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Okwangoku, le mithetho kusetyenziswa amagama afana "nokusingqongileyo", "ebalwa umonakalo lokusingqongileyo" kunye like. Ukungqinelana nomthetho lomonakalo yokusingqongileyo - kukho naluphi na utshintsho okubi kwimeko-bume evela ungcoliseko, ke ngoko, ukuthotywa yendalo, kwaye kwamanani kwemithombo yendalo. Enyanisweni, le nkcazo non-esebenza ngenxa yokuba amagama afana "oyile" yaye "ukuthotywa iinkqubo zendalo eziphilayo," ningaswele nayiphi na imithetho. Ngenxa yoko, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba lubonise ukuba zeziphi na ngokufanelekileyo kusetyenziswa indlela yokubala umonakalo wemo engqongileyo, kwaye oku mthombo enkulu ukungaqiniseki.

ibalwe njani na oku?

Ngokutsho imithetho "Kwi Environmental Protection" inikeza iindlela ezimbini ezisisiseko ukuba ukujonga ukuba izixa-mali ka umonakalo nemvelo;

1. Ngokuhambelana kunye neendleko kuyimfuneko ukuze kubuyiselwe ngokupheleleyo imeko aphazamiseke engqongileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iilahleko ekungenwe, kuquka ingeniso elahlekileyo. Ukongeza, le wokubala yenziwe ngokungqinelana kunye neprojekthi wokusindisa, okanye nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi recovery.
2. Ngokungqinelana iteksi okanye iteknoloji yokuqingqa inani ngozi kokusingqongileyo ukuze okusingqongileyo, njengoko kuchaziwe yaye yavunywa yi nowenza echaphazelekayo kunye nolawulo loluntu entsimini lwemizimba ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo kwamandla esigqeba medium.

Ingongoma yokuqala kukuba kakuhle ngaphakathi komthetho umthetho wobukhaya, kubandakanywa nayo ingqikelelo "umonakalo" ekhoyo kwi-Code Civil. Ngelo xesha linye indlela yesibini elide bobabo entsimini yomthetho yolawulo, ngenxa yokuba, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ngokusekelwe kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokubala umonakalo. umthetho Federal ibamba umahluko article phakathi oko kuyingozi okusingqongileyo, ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka ezibangelwa ngumthetho kunye nokwenzakala ukuya ukuthotyelwa komthetho icala.

Njengoko umonakalo ihlawulelwa?

Ngokomthetho, umonakalo kokusingqongileyo eye yabangela ngenxa yezoqoqosho ezithile okanye nawuphi na umsebenzi uya kubuyiselwa ngokungqinelana kwiiteksi ezithile, kwakunye nezo esetyenziswa yi ethile indlela yokubala umthetho umonakalo wemo engqongileyo. Ukuba le nqubo asifumaneki, ngoko ke inkcazelo imali iya kubalwa ngokungqinelana kunye neendleko kuyimfuneko ukuze kubuyiselwe imeko eyaphukileyo yemo engqongileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iilahleko ekungenwe kunye nelahleko yenzuzo.

Nangona kunjalo, eli nqaku isixelela. 77, lo gama Art. 78 inika umyalelo eyahlukileyo kancinane indlela kufuneka imbuyekezo umonakalo kwimeko kummandla ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo umthetho lokuphazamiseka. Kulo mzekelo, ukubalwa aphetshwe umonakalo wemo engqongileyo lwenziwe ngokungqinelana kunye neendleko kuyimfuneko ukuze kubuyiselwe imeko eyaphukileyo yemo engqongileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iilahleko ekungenwe nelahleko ngengeniso, kwakunye nokuthotyelwa ngokupheleleyo kunye iiprojekthi ze ukulungiswa ezahlukeneyo kunye neminye imisebenzi recovery. Ukuba azikho ke, intlawulo kuya kwenziwa isigqibo ubungakanani bume engqonge ezibonakalisa imizimba zesigqeba ngeteksi kunye nendlela.

Ngoko ke, ukuba umonakalo obangelwe ngokuhambisana nomthetho, esebenzisa kuphela indlela eyintloko zemirhumo transfer, ngeli xa besaphula umthetho ukubalwa umonakalo kokusingqongileyo obangelwe ungcoliseko lomoya okanye eminye imisebenzi eyenziwa ngaphandle ngokungqinelana kunye neendleko kuyimfuneko ukuze kubuyiselwe imeko-bume.

Ziziphi iindlela ezisetyenziswa?

Advantageously ubuchule mihla indlela langoku eqhelekileyo yokuqingqa isixa umonakalo wemo engqongileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela kwiziphumo engeyomfuneko okanye ayilunganga. Nangona ukugxeka lomgadi indlela, apho ukubalwa umonakalo wemo aphetshwe okanye ezinye, zonke iindlela ezithile nayo isekelwe kuphela kumazinga zomthetho.

Enye imiyalelo ibaluleke kakhulu ukubala ubungakanani umonakalo lokusingqongileyo ngokuba ukubalwa umonakalo kokusingqongileyo emanzini. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba umhla, ekubalweni ingcamango "umonakalo lokusingqongileyo" kunye nemigaqo yokubala umonakalo wemo engqongileyo kumiselwa ngokungqinelana kunye nenani amaxwebhu ezizodwa zolawulo neenkqubo.

Bonke ubuchule mihla kufuneka kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ukusetyenziswa nesilungiselelwe ukuba ukubala umonakalo amacandelo ahlukeneyo kwezendalo. Ngelo xesha kukho iqela iindlela zokubala entsonkothileyo ezisetyenziswa ngokunxulumene izinto ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ziingcali ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuqhutywa izifundo iindlela ezikhoyo entsonkothileyo ezibonakalisa umonakalo esele kwenziwe, okanye ukubalwa aphetshwe umonakalo kokusingqongileyo ngenxa apho kumisiweyo ukuba software umhla yokubala umonakalo wemo ayanelanga ngumthetho yangoku.

Ube yintoni nokungabikho zokuqinisa?

Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imizekelo embalwa ukhuseleko amanzi:

• kubalwa ngokungachanekanga umonakalo yokusingqongileyo kubangelwa kukungabikho nayiphi na ukuphazamiseka komthetho ngoku, ekubeni kulo mzekelo phantsi Art. 77 kufuneka ukuba isekelwe phezu iirhafu kunye neendlela;
• umonakalo kubalwa ngokungachanekanga wabangela ukuba nezilwanyana zasemanzini kunye biota;
• uzimisele ngokungachanekanga umonakalo owenzeke imizimba yamanzi ngokubanzi njengomthombo wamancedo bendalo, ngenxa yokuba umthombo ubonelelo lwamanzi, ezolonwabo kunye ukuloba.

I-software usebenzisa lo mzuzu indlela inkcazelo umonakalo ziya kusekelwa phezu imbuyekezo siseko yovavanyo ngakumbi ukulungisa ubungakanani umthamo iinkcitho kuyimfuneko ukuze kube nokugqitywa nokuba imbi, kunye nokuphelisa ngakumbi ngoonobangela kunye neziphumo. Ezi zibandakanya iindleko ezahlukeneyo ezifunekayo ukwenzela uphuhliso loyilo Uqikelelo amaxwebhu, yaye ezo ndleko ziyimfuneko ezabelwe ekupheliseni ukuhlukumeza kunye nokufunyanwa kamva into ethile kumanqanaba baphawula phambi kokuba nokuzimisela zokuphula.

Noko ke, izinto ezidweliswe kwi indlela yangoku lebango 6, enyanisweni, ndingekho ngokupheleleyo iifomyula ekubaleni. Isiseko kule nqubo uqikelelo standard nommiselo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingenawo nayiphi ngokunxulumene neziphumo eyiyo yokusingqongileyo ndikho zendalo, kwakunye namacandelo azo ngamnye kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zendalo.

yokubala ewrong weendleko

Iindleko kuyimfuneko ukuze kupheliswe ezibangela umonakalo ngokungekho zibandakanyiwe kule imbi, ngenxa yokuba bangazithwalisi ngokunxulumene njengokulinganisela kwakho, iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo kwabangela. Ngokukodwa, kubalulekile ukuphawula imizekelo embalwa kunye nobuchule.

Umonakalo ngenxa yokumpompoza kwezinto ezinobungozi

Kulo mzekelo, ukubala lwenziwa ngokuhambelana mpawu zilandelayo:

• mass of ukungcola ekukhutshelwe kuyo kwishishini;
• exposure ngobunzulu ezi zinto ukuba into ethile;
• ingozi yeklasi nokungcola kunjalo ingqalelo yabo izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwama-10 mkhulu kwisiqalo.

Emva koko, ukubalwa umonakalo kokusingqongileyo ungcoliseko lwenziwa ngokwesiseko nemeko into, yintoni uhlobo kokwabo kunye ezixabisekileyo kangakanani, yaye ngokuhambelana kunye ezithile ezongeziweyo iparameters, ezifana amaxesha onyaka, njalo-njalo. D.

Kulo mzekelo, ixabiso into ethile umiselwa ubukho kuyo nayiphi na izityalo ezinqabileyo, imithombo yendalo zamachiza okanye ukuba izinto ngokuxhomekeke ukhuseleko olukhethekileyo.

Yingozi ngenxa iingozi

Lidla kwiimeko ezinjalo kwenzeka xa ngenxa yokuba kukho ukusilela ethile kumashishini okusingqongileyo kukho izixhobo ezaneleyo kakhulu ezahlukeneyo ezingaphiliyo organic, kuquka iimveliso zepetroliyam, izitshabalalisi kunye nabanye abaninzi, ngawo ukuze nakungena elingaka okanye isixokelelwano semibhobho yamanzi.

Kulo mzekelo, iindlela yokubala umonakalo kokusingqongileyo zinika inkcazelo yayo ngokungqinelana ubunzima mba betekisi ngenxa yengozi, kunye nexesha apho kungekho amanyathelo okususa ungcoliseko evela. Kwakhona, indlela ibonelela ukubala ezongezelelweyo ngokungqinelana nemeko into, eziye ubunzima umonakalo, uhlobo lwayo kunye nexabiso, kwakunye nenani lezinto ezongezelelweyo.

Umonakalo ngenxa yokumpompoza kweenqanawa ezahlukeneyo amdaka ekhaya

Indlela yokubala ye kuphetshwe umonakalo yendalo kwaye sele ukulimala kubandakanya nokumisela umonakalo ngokungqinelana umthamo itanki yokugcina efunekayo ukuze kuqokelelwe amanzi ekhaya okanye udidi isitya, inani abahlala kuyo abantu kwisiganeko kunye nexesha gqolo ukuhlala benqanawa kule ndawo yokupaka. izinto ezongezelelweyo ezifana ziyafana meko yangaphambili.

Kuyingozi ngenxa yokungcola yemveliso ukusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma ngohlobo yenkunkuma

Ixhomekeka indawo into angcoliswe inkunkuma. Ukuba le nto ukuba ichibi, ngoko indawo umiselwa amanzi, kwakunye data ezantsi kwaye benyusa nento echaphazelekileyo inkunkuma. Ezinye i parameters ezifanayo: imeko into emva umonakalo, amaxesha onyaka, uhlobo kunye nexabiso into, kodwa wongezelela kubo babe iqondo ezinokosulela kwisibonelelo inkunkuma, okanye nayiphi na enye inkunkuma.

Umonakalo ngenxa yokumpompoza okanye ukulahlwa ukusetyenziswa ze ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingasafunekiyo

Ukubalwa umonakalo wemo engqongileyo, umzekelo apho siya kuqwalaselwa kwi mzuzu, oluqhutywa ngokungqinelana ubunzima ukusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma ishiywe enkulu kunye nemveliso. Ukongeza, umonakalo ibalwa ngokungqinelana nemeko injongosenzi ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwe kuye, kwakunye nexabiso layo kunye nohlobo.

Kuyingozi ngenxa yemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enxulumene utshintsho landscape

Izibalo umonakalo kokusingqongileyo ekuveliseni, kule meko yenzeka ngenxa eziqinileyo lanqunyanyiswa, ukukhutshwa esisisiphumo kokombiwa okanye kwezimbiwa ukuhlola, eqhuba Ukugrunjwa okanye nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi enxulumene kutshintshwe yomhlaba, iilwandle, kwakunye waphula imiqathango ukusetyenziswa kummandla ngaphandle ubukho bale mvume afanelekileyo. Kwakhona, ukubala lwenziwa xa kunokwenzeka ukuba naziphi izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo yatshatyalaliswa kuloo ngozi.

Ukuba imeko kwenzeka umzimba emanzini, kule meko ubunzima izinto kumiselwa ngokungqinelana ubude avareji, ubunzulu kunye nobubanzi ukunwenwa kule ndawo, ngokunjalo phakathi kunye nemvelaphi mninzi. izinto ezongezelelweyo: imo into emva ungcoliseko, uhlobo kunye nexabiso into, ubukho bamanzi aphezulu okanye onogumbe, amaxesha onyaka.

Ukonakala ngenxa luya buso okanye epheleleyo umthombo zendalo

Oku kubalwa lwenziwa ukuba waphuke umlenze ngenxa nakuphi na ukwaphulwa imiqathango ukusetyenziswa kwale kobutyebi bendalo okanye wenziwe xa engekho amaxwebhu afanelekileyo, ukuvumela ukusebenzisa ezi zibonelelo. Ukuqwalasela oko iindleko afakiwe kubalo bomonakalo lokusingqongileyo izinto ezidingekayo ukubuyisela umthombo kwaye kuthintelwe ukuncipha zayo ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, ukuba umthombo wamanzi, kule meko ifuna ukuba kabini umyinge wamanzi ukuba sirhoxisiwe.

Kwakhona ithatha ingqalelo izinga yentlawulo, leyo ixhomekeke ngqo ukusuka kumthombo lilungu kwintsimi ethile. Ukongeza, ibale imeko olinikiweyo yenjongosenzi ngenxa yongcoliseko, uhlobo into, kwakunye yintoni umphezulu okanye ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Yingozi ngenxa nemigodi

Kwakhona, ukubala oluqhutywa apho umonakalo obangelwe kwinkqubo kwezibonelelo yemveliso waphula imiqathango imithetho ekhoyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwalo mthombo lwezibonelelo, okanye xa engekho amaxwebhu ayimfuneko ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Kulo mzekelo umonakalo abakhethwa ngokwesikhokelo ubunzima kwemigodi, uhlobo kunye nexabiso injongosenzi kwakunye nemeko yayo ngenxa kule ungcoliseko. Njengoko usaqhubeka kunye nobalo aphetshwe umonakalo wemo engqongileyo, umzekelo apho thina sicinga.