Uguquka - uprofesa ukusuka inoveli "Intliziyo Dog": a quote umlinganiswa, umfanekiso kunye iimpawu hero

Ukususela ingxoxo yakhe Professor Preobrazhensky, imveliso iqhawe "Intliziyo Dog", ndingathanda ukuhlala kancinci ezinye izibakala ngobomi lombhali - Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha (15/05/1891 eKiev - 10.03.1940, Moscow), umbhali Russian, umbhali wemidlalo yeqonga umqondisi. Konke oku ukuze Yikhani ukufana ukuba kakhulu yokuhlanganisa umbhali hero yakhe ngengqondo.

A kangako biography yombhali

Bulgakov wazalelwa kwintsapho unjingalwazi Kiev Theological Academy, kodwa kungekudala waba ngumfundi Yonyango Faculty of the University of Kiev. In leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi wasebenza ugqirha phambi-line. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1918, wabuyela eKiev, apho wayekwenza njengoko sisifo zabucala neegcushuwa. Ebudeni bemfazwe yamakhaya ngowe-1919 Bulgakov - .. Ukrainian ugqirha Military umkhosi wamajoni, ngoko omkhosi of Southern Russia, i-Red Cross, Njengevolontiya Army, kwaye ngokunjalo waphathwa yesifo ngo-1920, waza waphathwa e Vladikavkaz, yaye emva kokuba savuka ukubhala italente. umzala wakhe, wabhala, ukuba waqonda ekugqibeleni ukuba umsebenzi wakhe - ukubhala.

Kwase nguNjingalwazi Preobrazhensky

Kunye kwase hero ngokwenene onokuthelekiswa Bulgakov, nabo kakhulu ngazo. Noko ke, loo nto ixela ukuba kumila kumbi (Professor) njengoko umfanekiso wakhutshelwa ukusuka Malume Bulgakov - ugqirha odumileyo Moscow, ugqirha N. M. Pokrovskogo.

Ngowe-1926, i-GPU engene umbhali, yaye ngenxa yoko zathinjwa ngqangi "Intliziyo Dog" kunye kwidayari.

Eli bali kwakuyingozi ukuba umbhali kangangokuba waba uvuthondaba phezu 20-30s kulawulo eSoviet. iklasi entsha sabasebenzi kukho abalinganiswa ezifana Shvonder kunye ibhola, nto leyo kakhulu kude amaxabiso kutshatyalaliswa Tsarist Russia.

Bonke abachasa Professor Preobrazhensky, kuchaphulo olu ezidinga ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Le ugqirha-nzulu, nto leyo yesikhanyiso emalunga nenzululwazi Russian, okokuqala livela mzuzu xa inja kweli bali, le emvula elizayo, waphuma umphefumlo esangweni lesixeko - olambileyo nengqele, ngecala elinyukayo. Lo profesa livela iiyure ezininzi zokugqibela yenja. Ndacinga inja "zimfundiso" i yoTshintsho njengoko inkosi yelo yenkcubeko, izifundiswa kunye iindevu kunye amabhovu, ngathi French knights.

lokulinga

Eyona nto iphambili UNjingalwazi yoTshintsho - ukunyanga abantu, ukuba bakhangele iindlela ezintsha ukuphumeza elide kunye ngempumelelo iindlela lobomi. Kakade ke, njengaye nawuphi na ingcali yenzululwazi, akazange akwazi ukuphila ngaphandle imifuniselo. Uziphakamisa le nja, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo intloko kagqirha ezelwe icebo: ugqiba lokususa ingqondo yebhinqa. Le ukuphanda inja ayenzayo ngethemba lokufumana indlela ephumelelayo ukufumana i "ulutsha yesibini". Nakuba kunjalo, iziphumo asebenzayo engalindelekanga.

Kangangeeveki eziliqela, inja, lowo wanikwa gama ibhola uba umntu wamkela amaxwebhu igama ibhola. unjingalwazi ngokuguqulwa kunye nomncedisi wakhe Bormental uzama ukubethelela kuye a ukuziphatha kwabantu ofanelekileyo nolungileyo. Noko ke, 'imfundo' yabo ukuba azise nayiphi na iziphumo ezibonakalayo.

Ukuguqulwa yabantu

Uguquka ubonisa umncedisi izimvo Ivan Arnoldovich Bormental: ingozi ukuze ziqondwe, ekukho phakathi kwento yokuba inja hope ayikho intliziyo yomntu, i 'iintwala inkoliso zonke ezikhoyo kwindalo. "

Bulgakov wadala lumo kwe revolution yobuSoshali, wachaza ingozi leeklasi ezimbini apho filipp Filippovich Preobrazhensky - unjingalwazi kunye yengqondo, kwaye kubasebenzi - iibhola kunye like.

uprofesa Bormental ucebisa ukuba ufunde amaphephandaba Soviet phambi kwesidlo sakusasa, kwaye ukuba ezinye ayiwenzi, ngoko ukufunda nto zonke iindleko. Kwaye uyavuma ngokuphandle: "Ewe, mna awuyithandi i sabasebenzi."

Professor, njengoko umnumzana oyinyaniso, baqhele akanaso wokuphila endlini igumbi-7 kunye yonke imihla Yitya izidlo ezahlukeneyo ezifana ezinjengesalmon, eels, pipi, uyose yenkomo, usele kuyo yonke brandy, ivodka kunye newayini, ngesiquphe wawela kwimeko engalindelekanga. In ezolileyo yeengcungcu ubomi yendebe yakhe yozigqabhuza ibhola zandile kwaye zobhedu kunye Shvonder.

IKomiti House

Shvonder - yinto Umzekelo elahlukileyo kwiklasi yesigaba, yena nesihlwele sakhe babumba ikomiti indlu endlwini apho ahleli khona kumila - a Unjingalwazi experimenter. Bona, ke, akazange nzulu lathembisa ukuba alwe naye. Kodwa yena, naye, ayikho nje omnye elula uNjingalwazi Preobrazhensky malunga lo monakalo ezingqondweni ithi ukuba abasebenzi kunye neemfuno zalo nje ethiyiwe, yaye logama nje unethuba azinikele ukuba ityala lakhe ayithandayo (inzululwazi), uya kuba akakukhathalele itshivela okuncinci banconywe ezifana Shvonder.

Kodwa ngoku nendlu yakhe Sharikov engena ulwe kakhulu. Ukuba Shvonder Sehla yokuzenzisa, ngoko ukusuka ibhola akulula kangako ukuzincama, kuba lowo ibinguye - nemveliso yomsebenzi wakhe zenzululwazi kunye nesizukulwana eksperimenti akuphumelelanga. Iibhola kwenza ngayo loo umonakalo ekhaya kunye ngomonakalo iiveki ezimbini lo njingalwazi ukuba uxinzelelo ngaphezu yonke iminyaka yakhe wachitha.

umfanekiso

Noko ke, umfanekiso uNjingalwazi Preobrazhensky ukwazi kakhulu. Hayi, akukho okwimo isidima. Uyayazi ungathanda nje nawuphi na umntu, abe kuneengxaki zawo, oko - a kunokuba yokuzingca, narcissistic, ezingento, kodwa ephilayo nobuntu lokwenene. Preobrazhensky waye endleleni yengqondo lowo single-handedly ukulwa nomonakalo ebuziweyo isizukulwana Sharikovs. Ingaba le nto akandifanele uvelwano, intlonelo nemfesane?

ixesha revolution

Inoveli "Intliziyo Dog" ibonisa ubunyani engama-20 zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Uchaza izitrato zimdaka, apho yonke hung imiqondiso isithembiso ikamva eliqaqambileyo abantu. Nkqu ngxelo imbi kakhulu mood okubi, ukubanda semvula umfanekiselo inja, leyo, ngathi uninzi lwabantu Soviet kwilizwe elitsha phantsi kusakhiwa, ngokoqobo iphila yaye befuna rhoqo imfudumalo kunye nokutya.

Apha kule isiphithiphithi, kwaye kukho yenye abasindileyo ambalwa kwithuba ixesha yingozi kwaye kunzima, Izilumko ye Kumbi - UProfesa intshisakalo. Zithutha ubuntu, naxa umzimba inja yakhe, badumisa ngenxa wakhe; "udla kaninzi yaye ungebi, ayithethi ukukhaba umlenze, yaye akoyiki nabani na, kuba usoloko ngokupheleleyo."

mazwe

Lo mfanekiso Kumbi - wokukhanya ukukhanya njengento kwisiqithi uzinzo, kuhluthe nempumelelo kwi ubunyani abangcangcazelisi minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe. Yena ngokwenene mnandi. Kodwa ke abaninzi abathandi indoda, ngokubanzi, zonke izinto zihambe kakuhle, kodwa abaye kangako igumbi-esixhenxe - ufuna enye, elesibhozo ukwenza elayibrari.

Nangona kunjalo, iKomiti House waqalisa ukomeleza ukulwa lo njingalwazi yaye ndinqwenela ukuphucwa endlini yakhe. Ekugqibeleni emva kokuba zonke sabasebenzi ababa buhlungu Unjingalwazi, ngoko ke umfundi oku ayikwazanga ukunceda kodwa nemihlali.

Kodwa enye kuphela icala ebomini Kumbi, ngokungathi lokuhlolisisa nzulu lo mba, sinokubona umfanekiso zange ibenomtsalane kakhulu. Kwiqula-ntle ukuba unalo ophambili unjingalwazi yoTshintsho Bulgakov kaThixo, kufuneka bathi, kakhulu, ayawa ngesiquphe entloko waza ilifa zizalamane sisityebi. imfuyo yakhe wazuza. Kwaye ngoku ukhonza abantu wafumana amandla ezandleni zabo, ngenxa yokuba ngoku lixesha ukunandipha zonke iinzuzo zabo.

nezilwanyana

izinto ezinomdla kakhulu avakalisa ngomnye abaxumi ngale Kumbi: "Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ukweba kakhulu, yonke into emzimbeni nemazi, champagne" Abrau-Durso "kunye yenamvuna '." Kodwa uprofesa, nangona yokuziphatha eliphezulu yakhe, ubukrelekrele kunye novakalelo, akazami ukuqiqa nomonde wakhe, okanye ukuphinda-express lwakho. Uyaqonda ukuba kufuneka imali ukugcina ubomi babo eqhelekileyo ngaphandle imfuno: nabo bonke abakhonzi eziyimfuneko endlwini netafile ezaliswe zonke iintlobo zenyama ezifana ayi enjalo "Mosselprom" okanye caviar, usasaze isonka alukhuni entsha.

Ukuba uhamba ngendlela eyondeleleneyo, yabiwa amagosa imali yoTshintsho kwaye azame nokubanika oselula elide. Kubonakala ukuba yoTshintsho amaphelo obayo amandla ufikile. iingcinga umdla ibhola: "Le ndlu ibe okungamanyala, kodwa kude kube ngoko ke kulungile!"

inja iqiniso

Xa umsebenzi wakhe, uNjingalwazi Preobrazhensky intliziyo canine usebenzisa i-eksperimenti yakhe. Kungekhona ngenxa yothando izilwanyana mkela le nja ediniwe ukondla ifudumele, kodwa ngenxa engqondweni yakhe, njengoko kubonakala, wazalwa yingqondi, kodwa isicwangciso enkulu ngaye. Kwaye ngakumbi ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha lo msebenzi, nto leyo ebangela iimvakalelo kuphela ezingemnandi. Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi ukuze ukwazi i uprofesa "novorodivshiysya" Indoda izandla. Yiyo loo nto kungekho nto Bulgakov unika ukuthetha igama kunye nobume beqhawe - i yoTshintsho, uprofesa lowo wezayo kuye betyale inja kwiCerebellum isela-recidivist Klimko wathi. Oku weza ophawulekayo, unjingalwazi iziphene ezifana abalindelekanga.

UNjingalwazi Preobrazhensky amabinzana ziqulathe iingcinga malunga nemfundo, apho, ngokwembono yakhe, nako ukwenza Sharikova of a ngaphezulu okanye samkelekile ngaphantsi ilungu uluntu ekuhlaleni. Kodwa amathuba hope akanikwanga. Xa uguquka wayengafumani bantwana, kwaye iziseko pedagogy, akazange eyakho. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto experiment yakhe zange uye kwicala elifanelekileyo.

Yaye bambalwa abantu ukunikela ingqalelo Sharikova lwamagama ukuba sesona silwanyana ihlwempu, wakuqonda, ispolosovannaya kwaye ngoku zona, yaye yena, phakathi kwezinye izinto, isigqibo malunga nokusebenza akazange anikezele kwaye ukumangalela. Kwaye, okubaluleke Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, akukho mntu ubona inyaniso yamazwi akhe.

Mfundisi, utitshala

Preobrazhensky waba utitshala lokuqala seencwadi ibhola, nangona wayesazi ukuba ukufunda ukuthetha - oko akuthethi ukuba yokuba ngokuphelele. Wayefuna ukwenza irhamncwa umntu kakhulu. Ngapha koko, lo njingalwazi ngokwakhe kule ncwadi - umgangatho wemfundo kunye nenkcubeko ophezulu, kunye lweli, isimilo ezindala pre-revolution. Yena ichazwe ngokucacileyo kakhulu indawo yayo, ubhekisela isidumo kunye nokungakwazi kwe sabasebenzi ukuba bajongane nayo. Lo profesa ukholelwa ukuba abantu kufuneka bafunde inkcubeko ezininzi ezingundoqo kuqala, kusenza siqiniseke ukuba ukusebenzisa amandla ndisisilo kule nto ehlabathini akunakwenzeka ukuba kuzuzwe. Uyaqonda ukuba yayidalwa ukusuka umphefumlo ofileyo, kwaye yindlela kuphela: ukwenza i operation umva, njengoko iindlela zakhe zemfundo kwi Sharikov yayingabancedi, kuba ngawo kwincoko mfani-nye Zina wathi: "Akukho bani unako ndiniqwenge ... Xa abantu kunye nezilwanyana uyakwazi ukwenza kuphela cebiso. "

Kodwa izakhono demagoguery kujike wendele lula yaye ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu izakhono umsebenzi ngobuchule kakhulu. Kwaye Shvonder uyaphumelela ekukhuliseni Sharikova. Yena ayifundisi ukuba igrama kunye nezibalo, kwaye iqala ngokukhawuleza kwimbalelwano Engels, Kautsky, ngenxa apho iibhola kunye inqanaba yabo yophuhliso, nangona ukuntsonkotha nesihloko, naye waba "intloko Wayemthanda phezulu," bafika kwisigqibo: "Thatha yonke into yahlula! "loo nto ingcamango ubulungisa kwezentlalo iye abaluqonda amandla kunye ummi esanda wenza Sharikov zabantu.

UNjingalwazi Kumbi: "Intshabalalo in iintloko"

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i "Intliziyo Dog" evela kumacala onke kubonisa engenangqondo kunye impambano ngokutsha kubume loluntu zavela emva 1917. It luqondwa uprofesa yoTshintsho. Quotes lomlinganiswa yokubhuqwa ezingqondweni ekhethekileyo. Uthi ukuba ugqirha kunokuba ukuqhuba imisebenzi, uqala ukucula nabaculi, uya konakala. Ukuba uya achame yi kwindlu yangasese, kwaye oko kuya kwenza bonke abakhonzi bakhe, ngoko kwigumbi lokunxibela uya konakaliswa. Ngoko ke, ukutshatyalaliswa - kungekhona ukuba ulinxila yaye xa iintloko zabo.

Famous ucaphula UProfesa Preobrazhensky

Ngokubanzi, ethi "Intliziyo Dog" - oku quote iphedi ngokwenene. oonjingalwazi Basic uvakale ibinzana iye yachazwa kwi kwisicatshulwa ngasentla, kodwa kusekho ezimbalwa kwakhona bafanelwe ingqalelo ofundayo kunye izibhengezo ezahlukeneyo kuya kuba umdla.

- "ifeze kulo lowo ungxamile."

- "Kutheni ndayishenxisa kwikhaphethi ukusuka ngezinyuko enkulu? Yintoni uKarl Marx uyakwalela ukugcinwa iikhaphethi kwizinyuko? "

- "Ihlabathi ukhathalele ngokwalo kwaye ngendlela yokuzivelela nyaka ngamnye babesebenza ukusuka ubunzima bonke ubunyhukunyhuku uyila amaninzi buchopho ezibalaseleyo, Ukuhomba umhlaba."

- "? Yintoni na le sisikhubekiso mfazi sakho esidala kunye Witch lenkawu, leyo yeni zonke iifestile, Khawugxothe zonke izibane?"