Kuzingela zokuzenzela yemveliso Russian: ngokutsha. lokuzingela Russian ziphangwe carbines

Yintoni carabiner? Le umpu ayisindi, mayixhotyiswe ifatyi iyanqanyulwa. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa abanye abenzi imikhono.

wabonakala Bulelani elithi French "a carabiner" Igama elithi "mbutho". Imveliso self-osihloko wasungula gunsmith Gaspar Tsolner.

Zeziphi amagwegwe? Oku kube ezizodwa imipu kunye afohlela iinkqubo model apho nomkhosi abaxhobileyo: babe ubunzima esezantsi, ubude kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ifowuni. Xa injongo isixhobo inakho ukulwa, ukuzingela, inkonzo (amapolisa, yamacebo m. P.). Kananjalo zingasetyenziswa self-yokuzikhusela. Hi ndlela leyi, eRashiya ukusetyenziswa ziphangwe kudala-barreled izixhobo for self-yokuzikhusela akuvumelekanga.

Carbines, nee-imo ngomlilo oluzenzekelayo, kokubizwa automata Russian. Olu uhlobo olulodwa lwezixhobo ezincinane.

Yaye ekugqibeleni ngokuba imipu ziphangwe, ijelo eye rifling helical le wompu, obe ubaqhiphukisa bullet ukuhamba, olujikelezayo ngeenxa axis yayo. Ngenxa yoko, enikezelwa iipateni, kwaye uluhlu Ukuzinza flight necala.

yobuciko Russian

Ke kaloku bona uluhlu lwe ukuzingela ziphangwe carbines Russia:

• Carbines "SAIGA" ziphangwe ukuzingela.
• Carbines kwexesha elide kuzingela.
• Ngemipu zokuzingela.
• Carbines TOZ-122 ukwenzela ukuzingela.
• guns ziphangwe (zokuzingela yasendle).
• Carabiner (abazingela izilwanyana ezinkulu).
• Imikhono Remington (azinamsonto, ukuzingela).
• "Sauer" imipu.

Carbine "Tiger" Hunting

Kwaye ngoku makhe sijonge carbines lokuzingela Russian "Tiger". Yinto isixhobo omkhulu! Ukwenza ukuba lo mmangaliso ababandakanyekayo Izhevsk gunsmiths. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba specialists "Izhmash" kudala usebenza uguqulo lwezixhobo ezincinane military ekuzingeleni yorhwebo.

Okokuqala, isityalo ikhankanywe ngentla abenza imveliso carbine "SAIGA". Le mveliso yenziwe kwi Ngokwesiseko Kalashnikov kumnandi. Ngapha koko, kwamiselwa imveliso umpu oluzenzekelayo "uTiger", ziveliswe ukuze zokuzingela ngokusekelwe angekho ngaphantsi ethandwayo umpu Dragunov (SVD).

carbines wokuzingela yoko, Russian ezenziwe "Tiger" esetyenziselwa zokuzingela imfuyo enkulu kunye neziphakathi. Ungasebenzisa ingathengwa neekhatriji ziyafana kwi SVD. Kuzingela ngokukhethwa, ukuba ziphawulwe 7,62x54R, anezinto imbumbulu yaye poluobolochnoy iindleko ezahlukeneyo ephantsi.

Carbine "Tiger" ubonisa ukuchana eliphezulu. Esi sixhobo nabalulamileyo inobunzima encinane. Ubude baso siba 1200 mm, ubunzima ngaphandle iintlawulo - 3.9 kg. Ngesi sixhobo u nga emlilweni, usebenzisa i emehlweni elivulekileyo okanye optical. Yaye kwimeko yokuqala emehlweni owawusisibonakude ukudubula ayikho imfuneko. Adubula uluhlu kwamakhulu amathathu eemitha.

I carbine isampuli yokuqala "uTiger" Ndamangaliswa inani khorwisaka kuneengxaki. Le phakeji yokufunda zibandakanya emehlweni kwezixhobo Army PSO-1, nto leyo elingatshintshwanga ngokupheleleyo iimeko ukuzingela kulo. Imveliso iye mawufakwe umhlana wamathambo, elula kakhulu kwiimbaleki kunye seva yebutho waba ofunda le ubhontsi. Ngoko ke, apho ndandisisigculelo waba ezingafanelekanga ngokupheleleyo ukwenzela ukuzingela.

Olunga- carbine handguard njengezenziwe lweplastiki; ke lachachamba engqeleni, kunye neentolo nako zaqina iminwe. Flash suppressor ebengekho, ngoko umzingeli Ukuba batole irhamncwa lakutshona ilanga, eyimfama nje bat.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba afohlela lokuzingela Russian-ezenziwe bebesoloko idume kwihlabathi lonke. Kodwa nxamnye "uTiger" ukuba "Izhmash" izikhalazo ezifunyenweyo kwaye wenza. Iinjineli gunsmiths ye amashishini ezaziwayo-kakuhle baye bafunda yabo. Ke bagqibezela kwicala imodeli carbine ukwenza i intaba jikelele optic wokuzingela, kuquka izinto ngombono ebusuku ukulungiswa. Ukunciphisa umsi kunye returns ngexesha obethe, carbine swi ekhaleni waqhekeza, flash suppressor. Ngelo xesha ke isityalo esaqala ngayo imveliso ye umpu kunye iipleyiti somthi, wazibeka ibhuthi, kwaye umhlana ukuzingela umbayimbayi.

Model carbine "Tiger"

Enyanisweni, abaninzi afohlela lokuzingela Russian eyenziwe It alibonakali kanje imodeli: ngokuba ukudubula carbine obutofotofo "uTiger" kuqalisa kwatshintsha umva kancinci. Ukuba nokwenzeka Ukugxila kule mveliso eyandisiweyo ngokutshintsha emehlweni ngaphambili kunye nokongeza ikama - Ngala bokuqonda ejolise kamnandi kakhulu.

Namhlanje, kukho iisampulu ezimbalwa carbine self Ukuwisa:

• "UTiger", eyenziwe intlawulo Russian 7,62x54R. Bullet ubunzima 13.2 g, ungayibophi mandla 3600 J. kunye uqina lokuqala ifikelela 780 m / s. store Otomny inokuthatha evela kwintlawulo emihlanu ukuya kwelishumi.
• "Ingwe-308" wadalwa isigxina angaphandle 308Win (7,62H51) ogama bullet enobunzima 9,7-11,7 lwemveliso yamandla ungayibophi umlomo ngu 3700 J kwaye uqina zokuqala kuba ukuya ku-800 m / s. magazini Otomny ibamba izityholo ezilishumi.
• "Ingwe-9" wadalwa phantsi kwaqinisa chuck 9,2H64 mm. Bullet le ntlawulo ubunzima 16-19 g, amandla alo ekhaleni yi 5800 J nesantya Prayimari sinokuba ukufikelela ukuya kwi-820 m / s. magazini Otomny ibamba amacala amahlanu.

Carbines zonke iimodeli elolu hlobo azakubalulwa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Le mveliso unalo umhlana yemveli somthi lokuzingela (ezinde, beech, Anut), mayixhotyiswe absorber rubber ukothuka kunye ngompu okumbophelela.
• Wooden istokhwe (beech, Anut, ezinde) baxhotyiswa ngerabha lempundu pad. It has a lekhefu ngenxa ubhontsi, ebizwa sniper okanye amathambo.
• Ndandisisigculelo yenziwa zeplastiki ifuthe ezingatshiyo. Ifakwe "ukujikajika esidleleni" kuyimfuneko ukutola ukhululekile yokukhanya.
• Esi sixhobo lixhotyiswe ukubambelela ivolovolo tubular lempundu sisinyithi ungasoloko ukuya ekunene. Ndandisisigculelo le mveliso "Wajika esidleleni," kuyimfuneko ukutola ukhululekile yokukhanya. Ubude lestokhwe umbayimbayi esongiweyo lingaphantsi kwe-260 mm.
• Le mveliso lugqitywe nge handguard ukuzingela, eyenziwe ngomthi.
• Le isixhobo uba flash zezindlu elide suppressor.

Xa carbine olukhethekileyo "uTiger" nayiphi umlinganisleo kuyilwa kunye wompu, side ukuya 620 mm. Ikhithi iquka izixhobo oiler ezinjalo, intonga zokucoca kunye izincedisi ezahlukeneyo, zibekwe kwimeko ipensile le.

Umthengi Ungongeza isethi inshorensi, yinto enombala kunye isibiyeli kunye umtya. Uyavuma, banikwe uluhlu okukhulu umzingeli ukuthenga kanye imveliso, nto leyo aye abhenela kuye.

Carbine "Los"

carbines lokuzingela Russian "Ixhama" na ivenkile isixhobo eSoviet, nto leyo ilungiselelwe lulawule izilwanyana ezinkulu kunye naphakathi. Bona mayixhotyiswe shutter longitudinally ezihambayo, ejikelezayo ngexesha uvala. Isiqu le mveliso sinobuso ekunene-ukunqunqa, chromed umphanda ijelo. iintlawulo Power livela kwivenkile kwibhokisi integrally uphoswe kwemijikelo ezintlanu, zifihlwe ebhokisini. Wakuzalwa kulawulwa apha. Esi sixhobo ifakwe abalibona izixhobo uhlobo evulekileyo efakwe kuyo yokukhanya PO4H34. Iibhokisi ezenziwe ngamaplanga lacquered ezinde, ngokumila ngompu kunye kwingqikelelo kwi esidleleni. Ngu lempundu eqhotyoshelweyo zerabha lempundu.

Le imveliso ukhululekile ukusebenza nokulondoloza, disassembly kwenxenye inokwenziwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izixhobo.

Le carbine model ilandelayo "Los":

• Ngowe-1962 ikhululwe imodeli "Elk-1" phantsi isigxina 9H53 R. mm Lakhutshwa de kwangowe-1976.
• Model "elk-4" ngaphantsi kwentlawulo 7,62H51 mm A ezenziwa kule minyaka 1977-1991.
• imodeli "Ixhama-7" wadalwa phantsi isigxina 7,62H51 mm A.
• ukuguqulwa mva yi "Los-7-1." Lixhotyiswe store otomnym.
• "Elk-8" ilungele ngokwesigxina mm 9,3x64 Brenneke.
• "Los-9-1" (KO-9-1) - mm 9.3x64 Brenneke.
• "Los-9-2" - 7,62H63 mm (30-06).
• "Los-9-3" - 7H65 mm Brenneke.

Hi ndlela leyi, afohlela lokuzingela yemveliso Russian nto inzima kakhulu emthethweni. Ngokomzekelo, omnye carbine "Ixhama" isebenzisa iCartridge yiSoviet zokuzingela 7,62H51 mm A, leyo akunakwenzeka ukufaka iCartridge 7,62H51 mm NATO (ngamandla abafani).

Emva kweminyaka ye-1990, ubaqononondise 7,62H51 mm A wasuswa imveliso. Kodwa eRashiya, kuba leHamas kwezixhobo ukususela iintlawulo eSoviet Union for 7,62H51M zokuzingela wenza namhlanje (.308Win).

Carbine Simonov (nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela-45)

Ngoku sifunde afohlela nokuzingelwa le SKS ngokwenziwa Russian. Khawucinge ngomzekelo olu hlobo carbine Simonov (nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela-45). Imbali yale izixhobo self-kulayishwa yaqala kwintlanganiso yamalungu of the People kaThixo Commissariat yezixhobo. Intlanganiso yaso yabanjwa ngomhla kaJulayi 15, 1943. Kuyo ingqalelo umba "Ngomhla iisampuli zakwamanye kwezixhobo phantsi isigxina kunye nomthamo."

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba intlanganiso banomdla kumatshini carbine waseJamani wayithimba Mkb 42 (H) phantsi kwe esitsha isigxina 7,92H33 mm. Kule umthamo iCartridge yaba ngaphantsi kunolo ikuqhuma isiJamani - 7,92H57 mm. Kakade ke, xa umgama we-800 m ukusuka oko kunokukhokelela shot bombardment, nangona bullet zinobunzima 8.2 g, kwaye isantya nto iyintloko 700 m / s. Hi ndlela leyi, ubukhulu kunye nobunzima bale carbine matshini babesebancinane, kwaye lexinene nokuchaneka kuqhume ukwanelisa ngokupheleleyo abatoli.

Ngenxa yoko, Russian-eyenziwe shotgun lokuzingela ke kuyimfuneko ukuba ngcono. Ngoko ke, kwintlanganiso yebhunga yobugcisa bagqiba ukuphuhlisa iimeko ezifanayo kunye iCartridge buthathaka, kwaye ezintsha iingalo ezincinane phantsi kwakhe. Intlawulo entsha zadalwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye sele ngowe-1943, ngoSeptemba 3 kwi-Peoples Commissariat izixhobo iimodeli zokuqala ezimbini iCartridge ziye zanikezelwa. uvavanyo Field entsha kwentlawulo 7,62H39 model mm 1943 (57-H-231) yaqala ngeyoMnga kulo nyaka.

Ekupheleni konyaka-1944, iingalo Soviet encinane, eyenzelwe umxhasi entsha, wafumana isampuli yayo yokuqala. Yaba umpu self-iyalayisha, adalwe S. G. Simonovym. Ebutsheni bowe-1945, iibhetshi ezincinane iimveliso zathunyelwa kwiikhosi kwigosa engundoqo "Le Shot" emkhosini. Yeyona "osanda" kwakukho iimvavanyo zomkhosi wenziwe.

Ngaphezu koko, umkhosi wafumana iingxelo, leyo wathi ubunzima ephantsi, benolungelelwano isixhobo, emihle uphume carbine. It kwavezwa ukuba lo imveliso ukhululekile kakhulu ekulweni onencula badubula. Abaninzi ukuzingelwa ziphangwe carbines yemveliso Russian ekhala, yaye carbine Simonov, wayexakekile. Iingxelo lowu ukuba nokutshuntsha ukungcola ngoko kwinkqubo ngokudubula lwenzeka ingxolo.

Ukulungisa carbine emva kokuba ndigqibile imfazwe.

"SAIGA"

Zibone bezibuza okuthathwa carbines wokuzingela imveliso Russian "SAIGA"? Ezi mveliso ezimangalisayo zisekelwe AK. "Izhmash" iinjineli mveliso udale iintlobo enkulu yoyilo imikhono we-410 we-12 no-20 th abanjalo. Kwakhona waba umpu phantsi 7,62H51 iintlawulo 7,62H39, 5,56H45 no 5.45x39 mm kunye 9x19 "Parabellum» (.22 Long Rifle). Abasebenzi le nkampani nazo zakhululwa amaqela ezikhethekileyo ezincinane phantsi izityholo ezinqongopheleyo Soviet 5,6H39 no 9H53 mm R.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zokuqala kuthotho wenziwa carbine "SAIGA-5.6" ngaphantsi intlawulo 5,6H39 ngo-1974.

carbines Hunting "SAIGA" kunye komgqomo kakuhle

zokuzenzela lokuzingela Russian inokuba smoothbore. Le self-ukulayisha imikhono kwasekwa ekuzingeleni kunye nemidlalo, ngokuzingela nokuloba, inkonzo ekhethekileyo, okanye idityaniswe ngobuwena kwebhola. Bangakwazi aveliswe phantsi a isigxina 18.5, 10.2 no 15.6 mm.

Ezi mveliso ke luphawulwa inkampani elinye elichaza kubo.

Ezi zokuzenzela lokuzingela Russian ezi mpawu zilandelayo komsebenzi baye bavakalisa kwiinguqulelo ezintathu ezingundoqo:

• "SAIGA (.410,2 okanye 20)" ngaphandle isalathisi alfabhethi. Oku egudileyo-wamzalela semi-oluzenzekelayo umpu mayixhotyiswe umhlana rifle ngesa- eyenziwe ngomthi okanye ngeplastiki. Umgqomo linobude 680 okanye 570 (580 ukuya 12K) mm. Ngaphezu ityhubhu engumphunga nazo izinto ezisisigxina - emehlweni diff kunye emehlweni ngaphambili. Ngokomyalelo okhethekileyo, imveliso ibe nee-ubambo adjustable.
• "SAIGA (.410, 20 okanye 12)" kwisalathisi C na ngumfuziselo zengalo lokuzingela umpu, Intwana yokukhwabusha yeplastiki lempundu emphinini kunye ulawulo lomlilo (twatse AK). Isiqu le mveliso linobude 680 okanye 570 (580 12C) mm. Ngentla umphunga tube phambi obekwe lwalunjani angasemva - isixhobo abalibona. On isicelo esikhethekileyo, ingathatha emehlweni adjustable angasemva.
• "SAIGA (.410, 12 okanye 20)" kwisalathisi K bufinyeziwe self-ukulayisha gun. Oku "smoothbore mbutho." Ivolovolo ukubambelela, handguard kunye stock izinto ukhutshelwe a Kalashnikov. Le fowuni lixhotyiswe isixhobo sokutshixa, apho izixhobo ukusuka fuse ukuze kususwe kuphela, xa isitokhwe isongiwe. Umgqomo yenziwe 330 mm ubude. izixhobo abalibona babe ukuzingela okanye "automata" imbonakalo.

Carbines "SAIGA" azinamsonto

Cinga kuzingela carbines ziphangwe imveliso Russian umzekelo carbine "SAIGA". Siya siyiqonde zokuphawula labo, nto leyo iba ukufunda olunye.

Kuqala ebhalwe igama elithi "yiSAIGA" kunye SAIGA - Igama usapho. Emva koko funda hyphenated leligama ileta sichaza carbine model.

indices eyaziwa:

• Ukuba isalathiso ayifumaneki, oko kuthetha ukuba imveliso uhlobo lokuqala umpu. isiphunzi sawo kubude 520 mm ukuvuleka kunye 7,62H39 5,6H39 mm kunye 555 mm - ngenxa 7,62H51, 9H53 kunye 5,56H45 mm. Esi sixhobo lixhotyiswe umhlana somthi.
• kwesango komgqomo elide ukuya 555 mm ubukhulu kunye 7,62H39 .223Rem, isixhobo kubangela umkhosi umnyele yancitshiswa, baxhotyiswa ngokhuni stock rubber lempundu pad, 7,62H39 gauge kufakwa: Isalathisi M ibekwe phezu zaphuculwa embodiments carbine "SAIGA 'ukuba ezi nguqu zilandelayo ne zokumisa ezintathu.
• Indices M1, M2 no M3 amele variations "SAIGA-M".
• MK model uphawu Index "SAIGA-M", baxhotyiswa kunye nokuphungulwa umphanda (415 okanye 336 mm) kunye lock apho awuvumeli ukuba ukuvula stock umlilo esongiweyo.

Ngaba ucinga ukuba Russian ziphangwe kuzingela afohlela iilebhile kuphela isalathisi? Akunjalo! Okulandelayo hyphenated sifunda leligama abanjalo. EXP 01 - COP ngobuwena: Emva koko, kwimeko lwezoyilo ezizodwa, omnye isalathisi ebhaliweyo, umzekelo.

iimveliso Russia

Ewe, ngoku sibhala zonke izinto zokuzingela zaseRussia? Iifoto Ezi zibugcisa zifumaneka kwiphephancwadi le thematic. Ngoko, funda uluhlu lwale mveliso emangalisayo:

• Ixesha elide lokutya amaRashiya kunye nezibhamu zixhobo eziqhutywe kwiinkalo ezininzi. Esi sixhobo siyabonakala ngokuchaneka kokudubula kunye nebala elincomekayo lokulwa, okwamkelwa ngabazingeli.
• Iinqwelo ze-TOZ-122 zenziwe ngumbutho weTula. Le mveliso ingumgangatho ophezulu: indlela yokuvalwa kwayo iyenziwa ngokucophelela, zonke iinkcukacha zicwangciswe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye emva kokufunyanwa akudingi ukulungiswa.
• Izixhobo ze-Hunting carbines-semiautomatic zingaphezulu kwezobuchwepheshe kunokuba "boltoviki", kodwa iimpawu zazo zobugcisa, ngelanga, ziphantsi kakhulu.
• Imveliso yesibhamu sokuzingela "i-Mauser" isebenza neJamani. Ezi mveliso zixhotywe nge-shutter ethembekileyo.
• Iinqwelo ezincinci zokuzingela zaseRussia ezincinci.
• Iinqwelomoya "TOZ 99 04" ngokuzingela.
• Ukuzimela ngokukhawuleza izixhobo zokudubula ezinkulu ezinemilenze emine.
• Iimoto ezizenzekelayo zaseRussia zisekelwe kumgaqo-gas-evacuation principle.
• Iinqwelo zokuzingela i-Sako zizixhobo ezingabizi kwaye ziphakamileyo. Ziyakhutshwa yinkampani ehlonishwa kakhulu.

Iinqwelo ezinobumba zokutya

Makhe sibone i-Russian hunting carbines-boltoviki. Bahluke njani kubazalwana babo? Inyani kukuba baxhotywe nge-lock lock, kukuvumela ukuba uvale kwaye uvule umbhobho webarrel, uphinde uphinde ukhuphe ngaphandle kwe-cartridge sleeve.

Ngethuba lokuqala lolo hlobo lwaluvaliwe ngesibhamu Ukuhlaselwa ngo-1841. Siyazi ukuba abaqulunqi bazama ukwenza i-automate yonke into ukuya phezulu. Olu luhlobo lwe-archaism - i-bolt bolt bekufuneka ibe yinto engapheliyo. Esi sixhobo kwizixhobo ezincinci ezizenzekelayo azisebenzisi ngoku. Kodwa ekuzingeleni iinqwelo zokutshiza iibhokhi zikhonza njengesiqinisekiso sokuthenjwa kweemveliso.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imva nje ukuveliswa kwezixhobo eRashiya kuye kwafumana umoya wesibini. Ngoku inkokeli yaseMerika uSteven Seagal isekela abaphathi baseRussia. Uyakuthanda iinqwelo zokuzingela zaseRashiya. Iimveli ezithengiswayo kwimakethe yebhamu zagqitha konke okulindelekileyo. Le nkunkuma "i-Saiga-12" (i-caliber 12/76), i-MP-155 yezibhamu (i-caliber 12/76) ne-MP-27 "Silver". Khetha, ube nesithakazelo, ufunde ezi zibugcisa kwaye, mhlawumbi, uza kusondela ngokukhawuleza ngokuqhayisa!