Ubungqondi nomyili nobukhulu ephakamileyo Eiffel Tower

Yintoni liphathelene kakhulu ngabakhenkethi eParis kunye nabantu yokuba banomdla? Kakade ke, nehlabathi odumileyo Eiffel Tower, nto leyo eye kangangeenkulungwane ezitsala ukwazi wawabulala nolwazi. Story tower umdla engaqhelekanga, njengoko imbali nayiphi wobugcisa ezaziwayo inkcubeko yehlabathi.

Ngowe-1889, loo nto yayiza kuqhutyelwa impumelelo kushishino mboniso. Isixeko Paris, wonyulwa. Lo mboniso Wawuthatha ixesha yeshumi kwaye kwakhona abazinikele ezifunyaniswe endle yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa. Paris ifana host iindwendwe, ngokutsho baseParis, kwafuneka ukuba bammise phambi ihlabathi impumelelo kakhulu emangalisayo.

Kuyo yonke France kwathiwa ukhuphiswano iiprojekthi, enye apho bekumele ukuba bathe nje umzi, kodwa yingcinga nje mboniso ngokwayo. Abakhi intle yelizwe yandlalwe yijaji thumbnails yayo ephezulu. Emva iingxoxo ezinde, kuqala yanikwa ingcamango nguGustave Eiffel, sele ezaziwayo-kakuhle umakhi France. Wacela ukwakha intliziyo likomkhulu isakhiwo sentsimbi elikhulu ndawonye ukusuka iziqalelo iphiramidi ngamnye echazwe ukumeka inqaba, yaye ekhwele phezu kwesiseko esiluqilima. Le projekthi ezinkulu kakhulu, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa ngenkulungwane ye-19. Emva kokugqitywa ukuphakama Eiffel Tower yayiza kuba ziimitha ngaphezulu kwama-300.

Ukwakhiwa Inqaba isiganeko ozukileyo ongenawo analogue. Ngoko nangoko ukugqiba xaka. Okokuqala kwaye kwephambili ukukwazi ukumelana luvukelo ngemihla umthwalo nenqaba umoya isiseko, ubume bomhlaba, izinto ibandla, waphakamisa ukuba kukho ukuphakama - zonke izinto ebezingekenziwa, kunye namava kwimisebenzi ezinjalo kwakukho kuphela abakhi, kodwa lenjineli zezixhobo. Ukongeza, phantse ngoko nangoko emva kokuba kufunyenwe imvume projekthi yawa ncomo baseParis wacaphuka, ababekholelwa ukuba isakhiwo embi kangaka eyenziwe kwensimbi, abakwazi ukuba kudityaniswe izinto zembali kwikomkhulu. Nangona uqhankqalazo, waqalisa lo msebenzi.

Ukwakhiwa inqaba yaqala ngo-Januwari 1887. Indawo zokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo yakhethwa ibhanki lasekhohlo Seine. Zizeyeyona nto inzima ukwakhiwa yabonakala isiseko. Lokulungiselela yayo kunye nokwakhiwa wathabatha konyaka onesiqingatha, lo gama ukwakhiwa ngokwayo lwaqokelelwa phantse ezisibhozo iinyanga. Emva kweminyaka-dibanisa emibini i-Eiffel Tower wavela phambi kwamehlo baseParis kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo.

Ukuphakama Eiffel Tower waba ngaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu meters, nto leyo kabini irekhodi ihlabathi ngelo xesha, edume iiphiramidi of Cheops, Ulm Cathedral kunye Cathedral Cologne. Eiffel wakwazi ukubala echanekileyo nkcukacha zincinci isigaba ngasinye yokwakhiwa, ukuba siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo nganye. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala kulo mkhuba zokwakha ingqalelo phambi kokuba kungekabekwa isiseko bathinjelwe iimpawu zomhlaba kunye novimba wayo, nto leyo waqhuba uphando. Base kwi zobugcisa zakutsha yakhiwe usebenzisa umoya. Indawo kwinqaba kwafuneka atshintshe rhoqo ngenxa yokuba IKONA zafakelwa, ngasinye ukunyusa umthamo kwiitoni ezingama-800.

Ezintsha, nokuphakama Eiffel Tower. Ekubeni nabangakhange zoyilo ezingaphambili zale ubungakanani, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukusombulula umba okukunyusa no lokubopha iziqalelo. Eyfelevskaya inqaba isicwangciso wezakhiwo kaThixo isekele ubukho nemigangatho emithathu. Ukuphakama komgangatho wokuqala obeziimitha ezili 58 - loomsebenzi elula phambi milenge ezizodwa winches. Ubunzima ezinokuvela ekwakhiweni kumgangatho wesibini, kuba wabekwa kwi 116 ubude ukusuka emhlabeni. Ngokukodwa le njongo kwathiwa yenzelwe crane injineli eyodwa ekwaziyo esebenza eziphakamileyo. A nendwe umphakamisi onezi phezulu umgangatho okhethekileyo.

Kumgangatho Wesithathu - iphiramidi 180 eemitha ukuphakama, iziimitha-16 ububanzi, leyo lwaqokelelwa kule ndawo. Thathela ingqalelo ukuba ukuphakama Eiffel Tower kwindawo yeemitha ezingaphezu kwe-120, nto leyo eyenza kube kwakungavumelekanga nzima. Ngokukodwa ukuba ezi njongo zilandelayo ezalwa eqhubekayo, apho kwaku abasebenzi.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, lo msebenzi kangaka kakuhle ekhutshelwe Eiffel, ukuba akuzange kwenziwe phantsi uhlaziyo. Ukubala kwazithathela ingqalelo yonke into, kuquka bomthwalo kunokwenzeka, nto leyo ukumelana kuyilo. Zonke iinkcukacha design zaye ngomshini efektri yethu kunye iinjineli ziye zenziwe nawethu elikufutshane.

Umhla esemthethweni yokuvulwa kwinqaba ithathwa Matshi 31, 1889. Yena waba wobugcisa ngokwenene. Ithuba ukwenyuka kwaye ukhangele phezu sixeko wenza i projekthi ngempumelelo yorhwebo, hayi kuphela ngenkulungwane ye-19, kodwa ke namhlanje, kwaye igama umdali ngonaphakade immortalized encwadini yeembali zookumkani imbali.