Ubugcisa. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho kunye namazwana

Iiprotokthi - olu ngenye yobubungqina obuqhelekileyo kwiimeko zobugebengu. Ziyindlela eyaziwayo kakhulu yokulungisa inkqubo yezenzo zophando kunye neziphumo zazo. Nangona kunjalo, njengobungqina bokuba bangamkelwa kuphela xa behlangabezana neemfuno ezisungulwe ngumthetho, ezichazwe ngakumbi, kwi-Art. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho. Ngeenguqu zakutsha kule nkqubo yezophulo-mthetho, umxholo wayo kunye neengcamango zifumaneka ngakumbi kwinqaku.

Ulwazi jikelele

Iprotocol yenkundla yeseshoni, kwakunye nesenzo sokuphanda, siyavuma isenzo esibhaliweyo apho umntu ogunyazisiweyo (umphandi, umphenyi, inkundla), ngokuhambelana nenkqubo esungulwe ngumthetho-mthetho, ubhale ulwazi malunga neemeko ezinobungqina bobugebengu okanye Xabiso layo. Njengobungqina, zinokusetyenziswa kuphela xa iimfuno zomthetho zigcinwa ngokugqithiseleyo, i-viz. 164-167 kunye ne-259 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho.

Ziziphi iiprotokthi ezinokubakho ubungqina?

Ubungqina obuzimeleyo bungaba yimigaqo yezenzo zokuphanda njengoko zonke iintlobo zoviwo, uphando oluphando, uphando, uviwo; Ukuthunyelwa kweposi (iposi kunye ne-telegraphic), ukuthunjwa, ukurekhoda nokulawulwa kweengxoxo, ukuqinisekiswa kwendawo yobungqina, ukunikezelwa ngokuchonga. Uluhlu luphelele. Iiprothotho zezinye izenzo (uphando) azikho ubungqina. Nangona kufuneka bahambisane nobugcisa. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho. Umzekelo, iiprotoksi zokulwa, ukuphenywa. Le nyaniso ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi.

Udidi lokuqala lwemiqathango (ukuhlolwa, uphando, njl. Njl) lubonisa inkqubo kunye neziphumo zophando ngumtshutshisi, umbutho wophando okanye inkundla yeziganeko, izenzo, indawo, ukuzama, ngamanye amagama, isenzo esithile sokulinga. Enyanisweni, kuphela ulwazi olugcinwe ligosa elijongene neenkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho, kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba kwiinkqubo, kubhalwe kwizenzo.

Iiprotholo zokulwa kunye nokuphanda, ngokuchaseneyo, zindlela zokusebenzisa izinto zobuchwepheshe kuphela zokurekhoda ubungqina bomntu ophenywayo kunye nolu bungqina.

Icandelo 1, 2 ubugcisa be-166. UMgaqo weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho yaseRussia Federation: ixesha kunye nendlela yokwenza umgaqo-nkqubo

Ukuhlanganiswa kwalolu hlobo lwenkqubo-nkqubo kuyinkqubo enyanzelekileyo kwisenzo ngasinye sokuphanda. Yenziwe ngokusemthethweni kwinkqubo okanye ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphela kwayo. Le protocol ibhaliwe ngenye yeendlela ezichazwe kwiCandelo 2 loBugcisa. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho, oko kukuthi: ngesandla okanye usebenzisa iindlela zobugcisa. Ukongezelela, ngexesha lophando, ukufota, ukufotela, ukurekhoda umsindo kunye nokurekhoda kwevidiyo, ukusetyenziswa kweefayili kungasetyenziswa. Kule meko, imifanekiso yezithombe kunye neendlela ezimbi, ukurekhoda kweefenographic kunye nokubhala, izinto ezilalelwayo kunye nevidiyo zigcinwa kunye necala lolwaphulo-mthetho.

NgokweCandelo 8 loBugcisa. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho, iziphumo zokusetyenziswa kwevidiyo, ifoto, ifilimu okanye izixhobo zomsindo kufuneka ziqhotyoshelwe kumgaqo-nkqubo, ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lophando. Ngumzekelo wezinto ezibhalwe kwisenzo esibhaliweyo kunye nesicandelo salo, ngoko ke asinalo isimo sobubungqina obuzimeleyo. Imidwebo, imidwebo, imifanekiso, izicwangciso kunye neengxelo zentetho nazo ziyaqhotyoshelwa kumgaqo-nkqubo.

Icandelo 3 loBugcisa. I-166 CCP RF: Intshayelelo

Ngokubhekiselele kwisicatshulwa sesiqhelo, inxalenye yesingeniso yeprotocol kufuneka ibe neenkcukacha ezilandelayo:

• Umhla kunye nendawo yalo mveliso, ixesha (ukuya kumzuzu osondeleyo) wokuqala nokuphela kwayo;
• Idatha yomntu okhuphe ingxelo (ifowuni kunye neyokuqala, isikhundla);
• Idatha yabo bonke abo bathathe inxaxheba kwisenzo sokuphanda (ifani kunye ne-initials, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko, enye idatha yomuntu, kuquka idilesi).

Inkcazo kwiNgxenye 3 yoBugcisa. 166 CCP

Ngokuhambelana nemibono yobugcisa. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho, ekuqaleni kwebhloko yokuqala yeprotocol kubalulekile ukubonisa igama layo (ukutshatyalaliswa, ukukhangela, ukuhlolwa kweendawo, njl.). Igama lendawo apho uphando olwenziwa khona lunikezelwa ngezantsi. Umhla kwiprothotho uboniswe kwinombolo yefomathi, inyanga nonyaka. Umzekelo, ngoJulayi 11, 2017 Ukungena okufingqiweyo akuvumelekanga. Imfuno ezifanayo zihambelana nexesha lezenzo. Kuboniswe emva komhla, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ufumane ulwazi malunga nomntu owawulungisa le protocol.

Inxalenye yesingeniso kufuneka iphinde ibonise izizathu zenkqubo apho umntu ogunyazisiweyo ekhokelwa ekuveleni isenzo esifanelekileyo (uphando), ngokubhekiselele kumalungiselelo athile e-CCP.

Icandelo 4, inqaku le-166 ICCP: inxalenye echazayo okanye echazayo yeprotocol

Kulo cwangciso olutsha lobugcisa. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho (echaphazelekayo okwangoku) idinga ukuba zonke izenzo eziqhubekayo zenkqubo zixhomekeke kwinkcazo ecacileyo kwiprotocol. Kufuneka zizinze ngokulandelelana apho ziqhutywe khona. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iimeko ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuqwalaselweni kwecala elithile lezobugebengu enkundleni, kwaye iingxelo zabantu abathathe inxaxheba kwisenzo sophando ziboniswa.

Igama lezinto ezifunyenweyo kunye namaxwebhu eneenkcazo ezicacileyo zeempawu zabo, kunye nendawo yokufumanisa kunye nobuninzi babo, ziya kuboniswa kwiprothotho. Ngaloo ndlela, ngexesha lokukhangela, ulwazi malunga nokufunyanwa kwamacaches, iziqulatho zabo, umonakalo obangelwa ngexesha lophando, kunye nemizamo yomntu oseshayo ukuba abatshabalalise okanye abafihle. Ukuba amaxwebhu kunye nezinto ezifunyenweyo ziyafunyanwa, kuyimfuneko kumgaqo-nkqubo ukuba ubonise ukuba zikhutshwe ngokuzithandela okanye ziphoqelekile.

Sebenzisa xa ungena kwi-hardware

Njengoko sele kukhankanywe ngasentla, ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zobugcisa (ikhompyutheni) kuvunyelwe ekulungiseleleni umgaqo-nkqubo. NgokweCandelo 5 le-athikili ehlalutyiweyo, kufuneka ibhalwe kwiprotocol. Ukongeza, iimeko zokufaka isicelo kunye nomyalelo, izinto ezazisetyenziswa kuzo, kunye neziphumo ezifunyenweyo ziboniswe. Umgaqo-nkqubo kufuneka udibanise ulwazi oluthi abantu abathathe inxaxheba kwizenzo zophando babesazi ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kweendlela zobugcisa.

Icandelo 6 loBugcisa. I-166 yeKhowudi yeNkqubo yeNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho: ukuqhelaniswa nokulandelelana

Ingxenye yesithathu yesakhiwo seprotocol yayibizwa ngokuthi "yokugqibela". Uyabalisela umsebenzi owenziweyo. Ibonisa zonke izinto ezithathiweyo, indlela ezipakishwe ngayo kwaye apho kugcinwa khona ukugcinwa kwazo. Ukutyikitya kwabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo kuya kunikwa.

NgokweCandelo 6 loBugcisa. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho, umgaqo-nkqubo kufuneka uhanjiswe kubo bonke abo bathathe inxaxheba kwisenzo sokuphanda. Ngelo xesha, umntu ogunyazisiweyo kufuneka achaze ukuba banelungelo lokwenza izimvo kwisenzo (ukucacisa okanye ukuzalisa umxholo wayo) ukuba kufakwe kuwo. Zonke iimbono ezongezelelweyo maziqinisekiswe ngamasayineli abathathi-nxaxheba abanike zona.

Ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba bayenqaba ukutyikitya le protocol

St. I-166, 167 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho ihambelane kakhulu. Amatyala enqatshelwe abathathi-nxaxheba besenzo esithile sokuphanda (ummangali, isisulu, ummangalelwa kunye nomnye umntu) ukusayinwa kwenkqubo yokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka rhoqo. Imithetho yokubhalisa kweli nqanaba ichazwe kwiSiqendu 165 seNkqubo yeNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho. Ngoko, ukuba abantu abachaziweyo banqabe ukutyikitya le protocol, umphenyali ungena ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uyayigininisa ngesiginitsha sakhe. Ngelo xesha, unetyala, umtyholwa, ulimele kwaye abanye abathathi-nxaxheba banikezwa ithuba lokuchasa ukungala.

Kwimeko apho abantu abakhankanywe ngasentla abakwazi ukusayina le protocol ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwabo ngokomzimba okanye ngenxa yeemeko zabo zempilo, baqhelana nesenzo phambi kommeli, ummeli okanye ummeli. Ezi zilandelayo ziqinisekisa iziqulatho zolu xwebhu, kunye nokungenakwenzeka kokusayinela ngeesayineli zomntu.

Ukusayina iProprotocol

Inxalenye yokugqibela yesenzo kufuneka iqulethe ulwazi malunga nezicelo (iifoto, izibizo, iifowuni, izicwangciso, amaqhinga, iimpawu, i-casts, njl.), Ngaphandle kokuba zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo ngexesha lo msebenzi wophando. Ekugqibeleni, ngokwemiqathango yomhlathi 7 weSiqendu 166 soMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho, umgaqo-nkqubo usayinwe ngabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kunye nomphenyi. Kwezinye iimeko, ezichazwe kumthetho, bonke abantu ababandakanyekayo ekuqhubekeni kwezenzo zophando bafumana ikopi yesenzo, njengoko inqaku elihambelanayo lenziwe kwixwebhu lokuqala. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lokukhangela, ukuthathwa kwepropati, ukuthatha.

Icandelo 9 loMthetho. 166 CCP: ukhuseleko lomntu olimele

Icandelo 9 loMthetho. I-166 ye-CCP i-RF ikuvumela ukuba ungabonakali kumphenyi, umphandi kwidatha yenkqubo yesazisi sexhoba, kunye nommeli wakhe okanye ubungqina. Oku kuvumelekileyo kwimeko apho kufuneka ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lwabantu abathile okanye abantu abasondeleyo kunye nezihlobo.

Umphandi okanye umphenyi, kunye nemvume yabaphathi (inhloko yomzimba wophando okanye inhloko yecandelo lophando), liya kukhupha isisombululo. Kuyo, ubeka iinkcukacha ngezizathu zesigqibo sokugcina imfihlo yedatha. Ukongezelela, i-pseudonym iboniswe, phantsi kwayo ixhoba okanye inqina liza kubonakala kamva kumaxwebhu, kunye nesampula yesignesha yabo, eya kuyisebenzisa xa besenza umgaqo-nkqubo wezenzo ezithathwe ngokuthatha inxaxheba.

Ukongezelela, isigqibo sitywinwe kwimvulophu, esitywinwe kwaye iqhotyoshelwe kwimeko yezobugebengu. Kumele igcinwe kwiimeko ezivimbela ukuba abanye abathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo baqhelane nayo.

Ukuba loo nto ayifuni ukulibaziseka, isenzo esithathiweyo singenziwa ngokwenza isigqibo somphandi okanye umphenyi ngaphandle kokufumana imvume yesigqeba esiphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka, lo mbhalo unikezelwa kwiintloko zebhodi yophando okanye uphando.

Icandelo lesithoba kwinqaku elikulo mbuzo liqalise umlinganiselo omtsha kwinkqubo yomthetho wobugebengu basekhaya ejolise ekukhuseleni amaNgqina kunye namaxhoba. Ngokukhawuleza iyaqhagamshelana nokuba kungenzeka ukuba aba bantu banikele ubungqina enkundleni ngemiqathango engabandakanyi ukubonisana nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba kwiinkqubo (ngokuhambelana neengxelo). Ubugcisa. I-166 yoMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho ngo-2016 yahlonyelwa kule ngxenye. Ngaphambili, kuphela umphandi owayenegunya lokukhupha umyalelo. Izilungiso, ezaqala ukusebenza ngo-2016, zavumela le nyathelo ukuba iqhutywe ngamalungu ophando.