Ubuchule Ulungelelwaniso kunye neendlela zophuhliso lwabo

Igama elithi "ulungelelwaniso" livela kwisiLatini. Xa translation kuthetha union, ezihambelanayo, nokufezekiswa. Eli gama lisetyenziswa ngokunxulumene ukuya kumsebenzi motor kunye nabantu. Kulo mzekelo, libhekisela iqondo ukuyondelelana kwendlela iintshukumo kunye neemfuno bume. Ngokomzekelo, omnye owayedlula nyebelele ume ngeenyawo zakhe ngokusebenzisa iintshukumo zembuyekezo, kwaye namanye aya kuwa. Ngenxa yoko, umntu wokuqala unezinga eliphezulu kunamathelwano lweentshukumo, ngamanye waba umthamo focal ngakumbi.

le nkcazelo

Phantsi ukudidiyela ekuqondeni amandla omntu ukuba nkulu ilungelelanise zonke iintshukumo amalungu omzimba inkqubo yokusombulula umsebenzi motor ethile. Le mbono kungachazwa noko ngolunye uhlobo. Eli lithuba lokuba ukulawula iintshukumo zabo wobuntu.

Inkqubo yethu musculoskeletal kuquka inani elikhulu leeyunithi ukuba ube ngaphezu kwekhulu degrees wenkululeko. Kungenxa yoko le nto yolawulo yale nkqubo yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Ngokutsho umdali sisazinzulu ngoku- mihla kunye komzimba Bernstein evakaliswe kuzo ngo-1947, ulungelelwaniso lweentshukumo likoyise izidanga yenkululeko. Oku kwenza liyunithi indoda abathobelayo.

Eyona Isalathisi lonxulumelwano

Indlela ukumisela ubuchule bomntu yokulawula inkqubo yabo musculoskeletal ngexesha ngokwenziwa komsebenzi? Ukulungiselela le njongo, indlela inkcubeko ngomzimba imfundiso yasekhaya ixesha elide kwakukho sisalathisi ezifana yobuciko. Nangona kunjalo, nge-imi- 70 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela endaweni oko liya baqalisa ukusebenzisa igama elithi "ubuchule nolungelelaniso."

Xa inkcazelo, oku Berstein, né ubunye intsebenziswano imisebenzi kolawulo neuropathy central ezilawula isimiso komzimba. Ngelo xesha kukho umntu ngokuhlanganisa izakhiwo biomechanical amanyathelo ngokungqinelana nale misebenzi.

Dexterity, ulungelelaniso okanye yabantu ubuchule luphawulwa yokuba:

1. Soloko swi ihlabathi ngaphandle. Ngoko ke, manqindi zoqeqesho emibhaka ukuphuhlisa dexterity e ngaphantsi kwe Kungquzulwano imbangi yakhe.
2. has a ethile. Ngoko ke, ungakwazi kuba onobuchule ejimini kwaye akanako ukuqubha.

COP okanye noququzelelo ubuchule - sisiseko yobuciko. Kutshanje, eli nani umxholo wezifundo emininzi physiologists.

Ukwahlukanisa namandla zoququzelelo

Uphononongo kakhulu ngononophelo dexterity yabantu sibe obala, ukususela gqira zenkulungwane lokugqibela. Ngelo xesha linye iingcali minyaka yonke ezichongiweyo ubuchule ngakumbi nangakumbi nolungelelaniso. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, phakathi kwabo kukho 3 iintlobo eziqhelekileyo, kwakunye 20 okhethekileyo, nto leyo ebonakaliswa ezithile (balance, uhlenga lwesithuba, njalo njalo. D.).

ubuchule Uququzelelo - ezi amathuba womntu, equlungqa ukukulungela yayo ukulawula ngokupheleleyo izenzo motor uze uzilungise. izifundo ezininzi iyahlolwa kwaye nemiqathango lubonisa iintlobo ezintathu ezinkulu COP. Ezi ezikhethekileyo, ezithile jikelele. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

COP Special

Ezi umntu amandla focal kwabangelwa kumaqela yohlobo olunye kwezindululo ezinxulumene iindlela psychophysical.

Special COP nokumisa yokunyusa entsonkothileyo. Ngoko ke, ukukhululwa:

- intshukumo lomhlaba emzimbeni (acrobatic, zemithambo);
- ezihamba izifundo (impahla ekuthwaleni, onzima);
- balawula kwiziphakamiso kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba (isitofu shot, etc ...);
- izenzo Zijika kunye acyclic;
- imithambo ulahle, etyhila ukuchaneka (kukhona, oothinti, yentenetya);
- izenzo zokuzikhusela ecaphukisayo kwezemidlalo kunye imidlalo ngaphandle;
- motion wokuhlolwa (eliphosa ibhola, undoqo okanye disc).

COP ethile

Ezi ziquka ezinye ubuchule eziliqela coordinative. Le amandla lomntu:

- kule nkqubo yokuqhelaniswa, oko kukuthi, inkcazelo ngqo omzimba;
- ukutshintsha parameters motion ukuze bafumane kahle eliphezulu kunye nokuchaneka amandla kunye umsipha komhlaba;
- Ukuphendula, ngamanye amazwi ukuba abulawe ezichanekileyo okukhawulezileyo lwentshukumo elifutshane wonke xa ngaphambili eyaziwa okanye umqondiso ezingaziwayo okanye inxalenye yayo;
- kukucwangcisa kwakhona izenzo motor phantsi kweemeko etshintsha;
- a compound ulungelelaniso okanye iintshukumo ngamnye indibaniselwano motor eyodwa;
- ukulingana, oko kukuthi, ukuze kulondolozwe uzinzo phantsi yokuma kume okanye olutshintshatshintshayo;
- to kwisingqi okanye olukhutshelweyo ngqo isenzo motor elinikiweyo.

KS General

Le ntsebenziswano namakhono uhlobo wesithathu, zona uhlobo gabalala le ezizodwa ezithile. Xa inkqubo utitshala physical education kudla ebona abafundi abaqhube kakuhle kwi iindidi ngeendidi zemisebenzi kunye nokulungelelana orienteering, isingqisho, indlela, njalo njalo .. Ngamanye amazwi, aba bantwana ziphuhliswa kakuhle ubuchule jikelele nolungelelaniso. Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko zixhaphakileyo. Umzekelo, umntwana abe COP eliphezulu kwiintshukumo yovandlakanyo, ebonisa kwinqanaba elisezantsi zezakhono kwezemidlalo.

ubuchule ulungelelwaniso Jikelele - ntoni na? Ezi ziquka amandla waqonda ukuba kungenzeka umntu ngamnye, nto leyo ukumisela ukulungela yayo umthetho ngokupheleleyo kunye nolawulo iintlobo ngaphakathi intsingiselo imvelaphi yezenzo motor.

Kudla ngokuthi kukho iziphiwo nolungelelaniso ngendlela efihlakeleyo phambi uqhuba. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba zingaba. Wabona okanye COP okuphelelweyo kuvela kule ndawo ethile ngexesha.

Kwakhona, ubuchule uququzelelo zahlulwa zibe cebetshu ezintsonkothileyo. Kowokuqala kubo ithuba umntu lokuyivelisa ngokuchanileyo iintshukumo iparameters lwendawo. ubuchule obuphezulu ulungelelwaniso - ntoni na? Eli ithuba ngamnye nokuhlengahlengiswa ngokukhawuleza amanyathelo mafutha xa ukutshintsha ngesiquphe iimeko.

namandla Motor ngokoMthetho kwinkqubo yemfundo

Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa ukuba ibinzana elithi "ubuchule nolungelelaniso." Ingcaciso ye nezimaphambili ezingundoqo obuchule mafutha xa uthathela ingqalelo emfundo umbono ayikwazi kuphela ulwazi malunga "ekoyiseni izidanga ezingaphezu inkululeko."

Lo mbono uye izikhewu ezicacileyo. Into yokuba ubuchule ulungelelwaniso, echazwe ngokubanzi kakhulu, kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwi impumelelo yomsebenzi. Kulo mzekelo iintlobo ezintathu CS, zikhona. Eyokuqala kwezi ukudidiyela luvo. Kuliwa phantsi ulungelelwaniso lweenkqubo luvo, kunye nengxabano kwezihlunu. Uhlobo lwesibini zoququzelelo - motor. Kuye kwenziwa ukuhlanganiswa iintshukumo ngexesha kunye namalungu omzimba esithubeni. Kukho kwakhona ukudidiyela kwezihlunu. Yinkqubo yokudlulisela imiyalelo yolawulo kuzo zonke izihlunu zomzimba.

Yintoni enye na ubuchule nolungelelaniso? Ingcaciso, nokubekwa amathuba yabantu sensornomotornye ngezikhundla, kwakunye motor kunye COP yawo. Baxhomekeke ngqo kwi umgangatho msebenzi. Eyokuqala kwezi ndidi zimbini COP sihlobene ngqo ngemisebenzi inkqubo musculoskeletal kunye nokusebenza kweenkqubo isivamvo ezifana nezinto ezikhalayo, ezibonwayo kunye vestibular. Ngamanye amazwi, xa inkqubo umsebenzi motor umntu esiba izivamvo. Oku kuyanceda ukuba wazi ngemeko yemo engqongileyo kwaye olusabelayo iinguqu ezenzeka kuyo. uhlobo oluvo-imoto ivumela COP ukwenza uhlalutyo iimpawu zangaphandle uzithelekise kunye zangaphakathi, ezenzeka emzimbeni.

Ziziphi ubuchule zeemoto kunye nokulungelelaniswa yawo? Inkcazo ezi zakhono motor umntu uhamba ngokubonakala yonke imisebenzi zomzimba. Inyaniso kukuba nayiphi na intshukumo yomzimba kwisithuba kunye nexesha inxulumene ngqo umsebenzi kweenkqubo kwezityalo (sentliziyo, ezokuphefumla, excretory, hormone njalo njalo. D.), nebonelela umsebenzi dystrophy. Oku kungqinwe kwiziphumo zophando ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, xa kungekho yoqeqesho ecwangcisiweyo kunye ukubakhona kwezifo, ukudinwa okanye negalelo elikhulu ngokweemvakalelo kwenzeka discoordination imisebenzi ezahlukeneyo zinika umsebenzi izihlunu. Konke oku kuchaphazela umgangatho msebenzi motor ekufuneka isonjululwe.

ubuchule Ulungelelwaniso umntu, indlela yabo yemfundo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ukufundisa. Into yokuba ezi zakhono mafutha komntu ngamnye kuxhomekeke ukuthambekela yakhe uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi. Oku kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwimfundo yabantwana izakhono ezithile kunye nobuchule.

Neemeko eziphembelela COP

ubuchule Ulungelelwaniso umntu zibonakaliswa zenzeke, kuxhomekeke:
- uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo zeentshukumo yayo;
- ngemisebenzi analyzers eyahlukeneyo, kuquka i-mafutha;
- ukuzimisela nenkalipho;
- xaka msebenzi motor;
- ubudala;
- inqanaba lophuhliso kwezinye ubuchule mafutha;
- izinga lokuphila jikelele.

Izixhobo Development CS

Ukuze kwandiswe iqondo izakhono zabantu zokujongana neenkqubo iimoto, kufuneka usebenzise umzimba, eyile:
- ejoliswe ekoyiseni iingxaki uququzelelo;
- zifuna isantya oluntu kunye nokuchaneka, kwakunye neentshukumo nengqiqo;
- ezintsha engaqhelekanga wegcisa;
- kwimeko phindo Zenziwe iimeko ukutshintsha okanye izenzo motor.

Ukuba ukuzilolonga kunokwanelisa enye mfuno zilapha ngasentla, ngoko ke kubizwa ngokuba nolungelelaniso. Okwangoku Kwathi inani elikhulu nezakhiwo ezinjalo.

Iindlela COP

Indlela ukuphucula ulungelelaniso iziphiwo zabantu? Ukuze wenze oku, kukho ngemizobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Eyona ngempumelelo ezi iindlela ezisebenzisa imithambo ngokungqongqo olulawulwayo. Xa intliziyo le misebenzi umsebenzi umzimba.

Ngoko ke, i "ingqiqo yexesha", "ingqondo isithuba" yaye "nemvo umgudu dystrophy" - kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ubuchule kuququzelelo oluntu, kunye neendlela zophuhliso yabo ngokumalunga noku, ihamba phambili kwinkqubo yemfundo. Cinga ukuphuculwa ezi izakhono zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Kuba uphuhliso ubuchule, ngokuchaneke kangangoko ukwenza intshukumo, izibonelelo umthambo obschepodgotovitelnyh isicelo. Kubalulekile ukuphucula ngendlela entsonkothileyo lwabo nolungelelaniso. Ngokomzekelo, kwiimeko ezinjalo, imisebenzi efuna ngqo ukudlalwa ngaxeshanye, kunye nezikhundla alandelelanayo neentshukumo umntla, imilenze, iingalo. Zisetyenziswa ukubaleka nokuhamba ngexesha elinikiweyo, njalo-njalo. D.

A banamanqanaba aphezulu olwazi ubuchule uququzelelo kunye neendlela zophuhliso lwabo kubonisa inzaliseko abafundi beemvavanyo ezizodwa iintshukumo ukulingana ngaphakathi kwimida ezithile indawo, ixesha, kunye nomgudu dystrophy. Kule meko, sebenzisa iindlela izabelo ezininzi. Xa esi sicwangciso inikwa ngentloko nezalathiso ifunyenwe kwaye lokuqhuba nokuzixabisa. Ezi ndlela ke "abenza imisebenzi" kunye "siyakrazula kunye imisebenzi." Ukusetyenziswa kwezi imithambo likuvumela ukuba ukuwubona umahluko of njengokungathi luluvo kunye idatha ekhoyo. Phindwa okuphindwayo imisebenzi enjalo kwandisa uvakalelo womenzi woluvo yabantu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukulawula kakuhle ngakumbi iintshukumo.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kunzima kakuhle na umsebenzi phantsi apho ukuchaneka efunekayo-hlukeneyo ixesha, indawo kunye namandla parameters. Kulo mba, kufuneka isetyenziswe kuthathelwa ingqalelo iindlela umahluko kunye nemisebenzi ndlela. Kakuhle eli yokuqala kubo ukwenza umthambo ukuba kwahluka kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na parameter alternating. Umzekelo, imisebenzi utshintsho uyiphosela ibhola 6 m ukuya kwi-4 m, uze utsiba ku kusetyenziswa umgama iphezulu, isiqingatha sawo.

Ulwazi "idibane zabelo", ngokuchaseneyo oluchazwe apha ngentla ifuna ukusuka uvakalelo umahluko ophambili. Umzekelo, iingalo okukunyusa 90 degrees 75, utsiba-150 ne-180 cm, kunye t. D.

Ezinye izinto zobungcali imithambo imidlalo ezithile zifuna kuloo mntu, hayi kuphela inqanaba eliphezulu nezakhono zoququzelelo lweendawo, kodwa kananjalo ephuhliswe kakuhle ingqondo isithuba. Lubonakala yi ekukwazini ngamnye ahlole kakuhle imiqobo ubukhulu, umgama ukuya kujoliswe, umgama phakathi izinto kunye nabantu, njalo njalo. D. Ukuze bazixhalabise isithuba, ukusetyenziswa iindlela uthelekiso kunye nemisebenzi sisondela iphumelela kakhulu.

Indlela ukuphucula nokuchaneka ngamandla intshukumo? Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka baphuhlise ubuchule aluvavanye kwaye ezohlula inqanaba ukujongana ngezikhondo zamehlo dystrophy. Kuyimfuneko ukuba usebenzise umsebenzi kwi iintsimbi ezahlukeneyo. Esi sabelo yokuzala ezininzi okanye umthwalo dystrophy ixabiso ethile okanye ukutshintsha ukusebenza kwayo. Imizekelo ukuzilolonga ezinjalo kunokuba ukwenza iinzame dynamometer carpal ngereyithi eyi-30 okanye 50 ekhulwini esiphezulu.

Enye ubuchule zoququzelelo engundoqo yabantu - i "ingqiqo yexesha", oko kukuthi, kungenzeka umbono omhle parameters ixesha. Ukuphucula ukuchaneka iintshukumo izicelo imithambo ezithile. Ziqulethe kuvavanyo ngamathuba ixesha elincinane imizuzwana-5 ukuya kweli-10. Ukukhangela ukuchaneka assignment kusetyenziswa izitopwotshi. Kwakhona bazixhalabise kwexesha, avumele msebenzi ukuhlola microintervals omnye ukuya eshumini ze owesibini. Ukukhangela le sicwangciso ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki.

Ukukwazi ukuqonda microintervals ixesha oza kuphuhliswa ngayo lo ngqo liphezulu, ukuya kwenye-sewaka owesibini. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa uqeqesho olulodwa.

Kukwakho ezithile iindlela zokufundisa, uvumela ukuphucula eseleyo static kunye neguquguqukayo. Eyokuqala ezi kuphuhliswa kunye:

- ukwandisa ixesha ukugcinwa ukuma elichaziweyo;
- ukuncipha kwindawo yenkxaso;
- ukungamkelwa analyzer olubonakalayo;
- ukwandisa ukuphakama nensimbi;
- okanye isingeniso esihamba kunye kwezindululo nesithandwa sakhe.

Ukuphucula umthambo ukulingana olutshintshatshintshayo yenziwa:

- ukutshintsha iimeko zokusingqongileyo (imozulu, Ipeyinti, uncedo);
- ukuqeqesha izixhobo vestibular, kunye oojingi, centrifuges, etc ...

Ukuze ukuphuhlisa izakhono ulungelelaniso, kufuneka bagcine siseko yenkqubo. Awukwazi ukwenza breaks ezingeyomfuneko phakathi kwiiklasi njengoko ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kukhokelela ilahleko izakhono.

Ngexesha umthambo kubalulekile kukulungelelanisa:

- ukuba yokusebenza;
- ukwenza imisebenzi kuphela ngokwasengqondweni-physical kakuhle-ntle elungileyo;
- yenza kwikhefu esaneleyo phakathi umthambo ukuze ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwalo;
- ngaxeshanye ukuphumeza imisebenzi ukwenzela uphuhliso kwezinye ubuchule.

Ukutshintsha izenzo motor

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu ubuchule ukuswitsha ngokukhawuleza ukusuka intshukumo enye ukuya kwenye kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo ukutshintsha. Worldwork theory azakuthi ankcede of Physical Education ucinga umthamo lomntu njengoko mpawu zibalulekileyo eziphawula yobuciko.

Kuba uphuhliso weNkundla yezomGaqo-siseko ubonisa zisetyenziselwa ukusabela ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nangoko xa ngesiquphe oguqukayo. Oku imidlalo nemidlalo ngaphandle slalom, ikarati njalo njalo. D. Njengoko ngendlela enye yophuhliso bobuchule olufunekayo ukuze amaziko aqulunqe ubukrelekrele bomntu, nokuba ukubethelela kuye iimpawu volitional ezifana linge, ukuzimisela kunye nesibindi.

Ngoko ke, ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba ubuchule ulungelelwaniso womntu - i njengesakhi esibalulekileyo ebomini bakhe.