Ubuchule Mayakovsky kaThixo. Uvuthondaba ngemisebenzi Mayakovsky

Ayikho eminye imisebenzi neembongi Russian musani kuba ugcwele isigqebelo kunye nokugculelwa, njengoko umsebenzi Vladimira Vladimirovicha Mayakovskogo. Umbhali uvuthondaba ebukhali ngokungaqhelekanga, mlonyeni kwaye uninzi zentlalo injongo.

ulwazi oluchaza

Mayakovsky bekuhlala eGeorgia. Kwaba apho, kwidolophana Baghdad, kwaye wazalwa ngoJulayi 17, 1893 imbongi elizayo. Ngowe-1906, emva kokufa kukayise wakhe, wafudukela eMoscow kunye nonina kunye nodade wayo. Kuba kwindawo esebenzayo yezopolitiko izihlandlo eziliqela entolongweni. Igcina i School Stroganov. Ngoxa umfundi iqala indlela lwekamva lwe Mayakovsky. Uvuthondaba - kunye kwakusothusa yaye ngamadela - iba lwentando kwimibongo yakhe.

Noko ke, Futurism, kunye uqhankqalazo yayo yazala nako ukuthwala ngokupheleleyo amandla ngokupheleleyo amazwi umbhali alusebenzise ngayo Mayakovsky, kwaye imixholo lwemibongo bakhe baqalisa ngokukhawuleza ukuya ngaphaya ulwalathiso ekhethiweyo. Ngakumbi kubo nga kuviwa subtext kwezentlalo. ixesha Pre-revolution kwisihobe Mayakovsky iye iinkalo ezimbini: kokumgxeka, a satirical, vula zonke iintsilelo kunye iintsilelo Tsarist Russia; akubulali, kulandele ekhoyo embi utshabalalisa umntu Liquka ezifanelekileyo yedemokhrasi nobuntu.

Ngoko ke, lo uvuthondaba ngemisebenzi Mayakovsky xa nisaqala kakhulu bobuchule liye laba lwentando imbongi phakathi yocweyo amanye zoncwadi.

Yintoni Futurism?

Igama elithi "Futurism 'sisuka futurum Latin, elithetha" kwixesha elizayo. " Ngoko wabiza avant-garde kolwalathiso ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX, ebonakala kukukhanyela kwempumelelo edlulileyo kwaye umnqweno ukwenza into ngokupheleleyo entsha zobuciko.

Iimpawu Futurism:

• Isiyaluyalu nemvukelo.
• Ukuphika bezenkcubeko elilifa lethu.
• Ukulinywa inkqubela kunye noshishino.
• Kwakusothusa yaye bokubanga.
• Kuphika imithetho emisiweyo versification.
• Amalinge endle kwimibongo kunye imvano-siphelo, isingqisho, ukugxila slogans.
• Ukudalwa amagama amatsha.

Yonke le migaqo ayikwazanga ngcono ziboniswe kwisihobe Mayakovsky. Uvuthondaba ngokulungelelanisiweyo eliya ezi ezintsha ze udale uhlobo elikhethekileyo lokuba le mbongi.

Yintoni uvuthondaba?

Uvuthondaba - indlela lweenkcazelo zobugcisa ezikhona, ogama msebenzi iqulathe ekubhentsiseni, ukuhlekisa, nzima-ibetha ukugxeka iziganeko zentlalo. Uvuthondaba usoloko esebenzisa isibaxo kunye abangaqhelekanga ukwenza umfanekiso wazo a kwemiqathango personifying icala elibi leyinene. main osemqoka Its - a kuthiwa elibi sengqondo zime.

yokuqhelaniswa ubuhle uvuthondaba yeyona ukulinywa ephambili amaxabiso humanistic: ububele, ubulungisa, inyaniso, ubuhle.

Xa iincwadi Russian, uvuthondaba unembali ende, iingcambu zawo ingafumaneka kakade lwemveli, yena kamva yafudukela kwilali iincwadi ukubulela A. P. Sumarokovu, di Fonvizin, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ngenkulungwane XX amandla uvuthondaba Mayakovsky kuba nanto kwimibongo.

Uvuthondaba kwivesi

Sele nisaqala ka Vladimir Mayakovsky ezisebenze ngayo kunye namaphephancwadi "Satyricon New" yaye "Satyricon." Uvuthondaba kwexesha Romantic, iye nelitye kwaye sibhekiswe oohlohlesakhe. imibongo okuqala imbongi rhoqo kuthelekiswa Lermontov ngenxa kokuphikisa umbhali "Mna" uluntu ezingqongileyo, ngenxa iqapheleka mvukelo ubulolo. Nangona bayibonisa ngokucacileyo uvuthondaba of Mayakovsky. Ivesi izicwangciso close lwekamva, original kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo kukho: "Yabona!", "Ingoma sisazinzulu", "Hymn nomgwebi lowo," "Hymn ukuba isidlo," njl beqalile kanye kwisihloko umsebenzi, ingakumbi i "neengoma", beva isigqebelo, ...

ubuchule Post-revolution Mayakovsky bulula litshintsha orientation yayo. Ngoku abalinganiswa bakhe - hayi yoohlohlesakhe kakuhle ukutya, kwaye iintshaba revolution. Imibongo zincediswe nayo iiphowusta phulo, ebonisa utshintsho ezingqongileyo. Kukho imbongi kwaba njengoko artist, ekubeni abaninzi umsebenzi liqulethe umgca kunye nomzobo. Ezi phowusta baye bangena uthotho "ZOKUKHULA windows". Abalinganiswa zabo - abalimi nankathalo kunye nabasebenzi, abelungu kunye noohlohlesakhe. iipowusta abaninzi ndiyanixelela ezimbi ixesha lethu, apho wahlala nobomi odlulileyo, njengoko uluntu post-revolution Mayakovsky kubonakala ofanelekileyo, yaye zonke izinto ezimbi kuso - iintsalela kwangaphambili.

Phakathi imisebenzi edumileyo, ofikelela uvuthondaba incopho Mayakovsky -. Umbongo "Prozasedavshiesya", "Ngomhla trash" "Umbongo we Butcher iBaba kunye isikali ebanzi" Imbongi isebenzisa elibi kakhulu ukudala iimeko ngqiqweni kwaye kaninzi yenza kusenezithuba ubukrelekrele nokuqonda eqhelekileyo leyinene. Zonke amandla uvuthondaba Mayakovsky ezijolise ekwaziseni ezisilelayo kunye sengozini zehlabathi.

Uvuthondaba kule midlalo

Uvuthondaba kwi ubuchule Mayakovsky likaThixo ayiphelelanga imibongo, ebonakalisa ngokwayo kulo mdlalo, waba kubo ingqiqo-iziko. Eyona idumileyo - nto "Bug" yaye "webhate."

Umdlalo "Banya" ebhalwe 1930, yaye ukususela inkcazelo uhlobo yayo iqala isigqebelo yombhali, "kumdlalo izenzo ezintandathu kunye isekisi ngeekhrikethi." Noqhekeko umelene kwigosa Pobedonosikova kunye umsunguli Chudakov. Ngokwayo, imveliso ibonwa kulula kwaye kumnandi, kodwa kunzima kunye nabasemagunyeni ngqiqweni nakhohlakeleyo. idlala ingxabano ilungisiwe kakhulu nje: ukusuka kwixesha elizayo ifika "phosphoric mfazi" alithabathe ilungileyo abantu kunye naye apho, apho kukho ubukomanisi, kunye bureaucrats ndihlale naye nto.

Umdlalo "Bug" yabhalwa ngowe-1929, namagxamesi ayo Mayakovsky elwa philistinism. Ophambili, uPierre Skripkin, emva kokuba umtshato ayiphumelelanga ngokungummangaliso iwela kwixesha elizayo wamaKomanisi. Akwenzeki ukuba ukuqonda ngokucacileyo ukuzalana badlulela kwihlabathi Mayakovsky. Uvuthondaba imbongi mercilessly ihlekisa iziphene zayo, umsebenzi owenziwa koomatshini, uthando kutshayelwa ... Skripkin apha kubonakala mntu uyaphila oyinyaniso. Phantsi kwempembelelo uluntu akhe uqalisa ukubola.

isiphelo

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky waba ezihlangwini kokuzifaneleyo izithethe Saltykov-Shchedrin, kunye N. V. Gogolya. Le mibongo nemidlalo uyakwazi ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo zonke "izilonda 'nezingeloncedo ngumbhali abantu namhlanje. Uvuthondaba ngemisebenzi Mayakovsky zinogqaliso ngokukhawuleza kwi ekulweni philistinism, oongxowankulu, nabasemagunyeni, lo engenangqondo yehlabathi kunye nemithetho yayo.