UBernard Madoff and umkhonyovu yakhe

Kule mihla nzima ukukhohlisa oosomashishini, nabantu abaqhelekileyo ukuba ukubandakanya kuyo nayiphi intengiselwano ezithandabuzekayo. Kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo wadala ngempumelelo kakhulu iphiramidi zemali, ngenxa enokungena izigidi zabantu. Abanye balahlekelwa nje inxalenye imali yabo, kunye nezinye - intywenka. Umzekelo olothusayo lobuninzi kwesikim olunjalo scam neyilahleko Bernard Madoff. Oko kwabuchaphazela nje uluntu American kuphela, kodwa iinkampani enkulu kwamanye amazwe.

ulwazi oluchaza

Mhlawumbi abaninzi beva ukuba kukho engumphangi Bernard Madoff. Ngubani na, apho avela khona apho wayefunda? Wazalwa wakhulela kwintsapho yamaYuda. Ekupheleni kuka-imi- 50 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, waphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, ize emva koko wagqiba ekubeni afumane imfundo ephakamileyo Hofstra College, nto leyo ibekwe eNew York. Emva kokuphumelela, wafumana nkqubo status sokuQala. Kwiminyaka yakhe umfundi, Madoff akazange bangalahlekelwa lixesha kwaye wasebenza kwiindawo ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yoko, oko abayiqokeleleyo mali ka amawaka amahlanu eerandi, eyasetyenziswa ukudala inkampani yakhe phantsi kwegama "Madoff Investment Securities." Kamva, xa izinto zahamba kakuhle, lo somashishini wamenywa ukuba ukusebenza kunye nomntakwabo uPetros, yaye emva koko abatshana amabini kunye noonyana bakhe ababini.

Yintoni Madoff?

UBernard Madoff inxaxheba ekudalweni kunye nomsebenzi omnye US Stock Exchange - NASDAQ. msebenzi olona ukuthenga nokuthengisa izabelo, izibambiso ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo imele ingeniso kubatyali-mali.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, inkampani Madoff yayiquka 25 yamalungu likhulu zorhwebo stock exchange. Ukongeza, ukuba kucingwa uvulindlela borhwebo elektroniki. Ngapha koko, ngowokuqala ukuguqulela onke amaxwebhu zibe kwimo ngekhompyutha, waba uBernard Madoff. Ngubani na yena ngumsunguli ukuba akunjalo? Emva kokuba Ndaqalisa ukusebenzisa computerization kunye nezinye iinkampani.

career wayisusa

Kwiminyaka 90 nkampani ochumayo ngokuphawulekayo ekuqaleni ukuya phezulu. Ngeli xesha wakwazi ukuba athathe isikhundla sokuba nguSihlalo weBhodi Exchange kaThixo yabaLawuli, kwakunye wakhokela yiBhodi yabaLawuli (bod) we fund uthango "Madoff Securities International", nto leyo yasekwa ngo-1983. Kule ofisi eliphezulu Madoff ayipheli apho - ngo-1985 co-nisekelwe waba lilungu bod yenkampani "International Securities Clearing". Le yokugqibela yayisaziwa ngokuba imisebenzi yayo okucoca zemali nemizi phakathi kweenkampani kunye amazwe qho ikheshi.

imisebenzi yokuzithandela

Ukongezelela ezorhwebo, uBernard Madoff wayenza umsebenzi wokunceda abantu. Yena wanyathela phezu indlela emva omnye abatshana bakhe wafa wegazi ekuqaleni kowama-2000. Ekubeni Madoff wayedla wabingelela isixa endilisekileyo yophando lwezonyango ekulweni nomhlaza. Ekunye nomfazi wakhe ngokusemthethweni usomashishini yasekwa kwingxowa-mali yakhe, nto leyo eza kufumana iminikelo zeziganeko ezahlukeneyo yamaYuda ke ndingenalo, unyuselo, amaziko emfundo, zemiboniso, njalo njalo.

izibalo kakhulu kumaphulo yonyulo ezinye ezopolitiko yaseMelika ziye imali. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, uBernard Madoff laxhaswa ngemali abameli Democratic Party. Ukongeza, wayalela iBhodi kaNondyebo of School Business Trasti e waseYeshiva University.

Le scam edumileyo

Xa kowama-2000, ihlabathi waziwa engumphangi UBernard Madoff, iphiramidi ogama uthathwa inkulu ezimbalini. Njengoko manani zibonisa, umntu ochaphazelekayo iye ukuya kwizigidi ezithathu, kunye namaziko zemali - ezimbalwa ikhulu. Umonakalo iyonke kuqikelelwa kwi phantse $ 65 billion.

Njani ukuba kwaqala? Fund "Meydoff Investment Securities" yindlela ethembekileyo nenzuzo-mali ngenxa zimali bafumana ingeniso ophucukileyo kwaye uzinzile - 13 ekhulwini ngonyaka. Inani labathengi mali zibandakanya nabantu abucala kunye nemibutho eyahlukeneyo, amaziko zebhanki, iinkampani, kunye nabanye. Ngelo xesha, inkampani Madoff, ngokutsho iingcali, yayigqalwa njengenye abenzi kwimarike phezulu imali eninzi, ngoko akukho urhano, kwavela mntu.

Ukuzichanaba bafika ngo-2008, xa Madoff wavuma koonyana bakhe naloo ngxowa-mali lwakhe - bubuxoki enkulu. Bonke Baxelela abasemagunyeni, yaye kungekudala wabanjwa ngunozala kubuxoki. Kwathi kanti, ephathiswe kuye mali khange isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Amapolisa wafumanisa ukuba ingxowa-mali zange enze nayiphi na intlawulo kwi istock exchange, kuba kubo akukho data naphi na. Kwakhona ekuweni yonke inkqubo kubangele ukuba abatyali ezinkulu ukubuyisela imali utyalo-mali zeerandi billion ezisixhenxe, kodwa kwakungekho imali kwingxowa-mali.

Xa ekudalweni iiphiramidi zemali usomashishini otyholwa ngo-2008, yaye kunyaka olandelayo, uBernard Madoff wagwetywa ahlale iminyaka 150 'entolongweni. Uluhlu amanqaku icala ziquka lokuxoka phantsi kwesifungo, imali ngendlela, ubuqhophololo kunye nabanye.

Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba usomashishini waba negalelo, ukuba igeza le nto yona andinakuyenza.