Tagil Itreyi: imbali, inkcazo kunye umdla facts

Kule ubudala inkqubela ngokukhawuleza kunye izantya eziphakamileyo, uphuhliso electronic and-high speed Internet, liyanda inani abemi kufuneka ikhefu kuloo ndawo iphithizelayo kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla. Umnqweno self-determination sisisizwe uthumela iingcinga ukufunda amasiko kunye nezenzo ookhokho bethu. Umnqweno aziwe ekwenzeni nantoni kuphakamisa ukuthandwa yeemveliso ezenziwe ngezandla. Ukuya emva kwiziseko, sibheka kuzo ngezandla. Enye iindawo ezimangalisayo nezithethe zamandulo Russian yi Tagil Itreyi.

imithombo yembali

ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amathathu imbali lo art abanam. Lenza emva kwidolophana kunye kwilali kwi Urals. Xa yetreyi intsimbi yokuqala, ezihonjiswe imizobo, akunakwenzeka ukuba uthini. Kwindawo ethile neenkungu ixesha ezilahlekileyo amagama amagcisa, wanika ukunyuka kule art, ukuloba, waduma ngenxa laseRashiya Enkulu.

Imbali esemthethweni Tagil Itreyi luqala ematyeni intsimbi i lentsapho Demidov. Phakathi kwinkulungwane XVIII, ezi mveliso Sele eqalisiwe ekhupha ophuma Nizhny Tagil (1725), kunye Nevyansk Vyisky (1722). Ngonyaka-70 kwinkulungwane efanayo, ngokutsho yemihla, lokuloba uyakhula kwaye yenza mkhandi umsebenzi owahlukileyo, ivanishi okovschik.

Zonke XVIII kwekhulu uphuhliso lorhwebo - senkulungwane ngabapeyinti Hudoyarovyh. ngabapeyinti Icon ezizukulwaneni eziliqela, abazalwana Vavila kunye Fedor ubunzima ubuchule ezingundoqo ukupeyinta, varnishing icons umhombiso uhombiso lwezinto zasekhaya, nezithetyana zaso, ezifubeni, impahla. Utsho siziinkosi Tagil Itreyi onyanzelekileyo ukupeyinta ubuchule "tsyr" - isiseko yegolide ezaliswe ngesisa kunye kwisiqalo esimnyama. Emva Ukuqinisa lwesixhobo zegolide ezingcakacileyo ukususa umaleko phezulu, ukuyekelela iipateni ezingaqhelekanga. Amagcisa kunye fyabo kubalelwa kwi "nomkhenkce ivanishi" linyuke ngaphaya nobushushu ezingatshiyo. Zizotywe imithetho Demidov neengcedevu kunye nempahla izinto zaye zathunyelwa ezinde zeengqukuva ezimbini Russian.

Le bemilingo lokuloba

Isiphelo XVIII - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX - ixesha ngexesha lokuloba. Ibizwa ngokuba kwinkulungwane ye-School Demidov, leyo ukuthetha kamva. Demidov watshintshelwa i inqwelo ngamnye umkhaya, umkhondo mveliso zobungcali. Neenqwelo beqabe iibhokisi nezacholo, iswekile isitya, nezithetyana zaso, iibhokisi kunye nezinye izinto ekhayeni kwi "kwisixeko entabeni", njengoko ngokuba Nizhnetagilskye, waya Irbit kunye Macarius enobulungisa, yaye ukusuka apho waya Nizhny Novgorod, Central Asia naseYurophu. Yayingunyaka yegolide yophuhliso lokuloba.

Ukwehla Imvuselelo

Ukususela phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX, nokufika mveliso, ndaqalisa ukuhla yezandla kwaye phantse zonke ngezandla. Isantya nokukhawulezisa wobomi onyanzelwayo ukuba anikele phezulu ngesandla ocoliweyo, ngokubuyisela ngayo, iifom lula isitayile kakhulu. Hand nzini enika indlela eya mveliso, Baziyolise iinkcukacha yokuqala ithatha indawo istensile.

Yi engama-20-th zobomi lokuloba ngenkulungwane XX ezisagcinwe entsebenziswano embalwa iinkosi ezifana "Abasebenzi" yaye "Red Dawn." izithebe ngezandla abanomkhitha baba engafunwanga e Soviet Russia, ngoko ke zithunyelwa yakuMbindi Mpuma kunye China.

siqithi kuphela ngokuloba podnosnogo Tagil uhlala kucweyo Nizhny Tagil mveliso enamelware.

Ekubeni 90 yenkulungwane lokugqibela, ilixa ngokutsha kunye nophuhliso lwamashishini amancinane, ukuqala ukunyuka olityelweyo yezandla ecothayo ngokuthe ngcembe. Ukuvuselelwa uye wadala isandla ekhethekileyo amanyeneyo beqabe nookopolotyeni amagcisa.

ngabapeyinti School Demidovs

Ngesikolo Demidovs kufuneka uxelele bebodwa, ngenxa yokuba yena lowo wasinika indlu iinkosi ezifana Dubasnikovy, Chausova, Kaygorodova kunye Perezolovy.

Abarhwebi Demidov babazi kakuhle ukuba eyona nto iphambili kolu shishino - le video. Ukuba injongo yemfundo noqeqesho lobungcali, ukuba waseka esikolweni ngo-1806, apho wacelwa ukuba afundise kwiziseko yokudweba owayephumelele Imperial Academy of Arts VI Albycheva.

Esi sikolo iminyaka emine sasifunda amakhwenkwe kuphela, eqala ndineminyaka eli-12. Kodwa imveliso kusekho ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi onamava. Baza baqala ukuba namantombazana esikolweni kunye nabasetyhini. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i Demidov njengoko inkuthazo zokufuna ukuba bafunde "ukubhala kakhulu,' zibandakanya ukukhuthazwa abasetyhini ngohlobo nokukhutshwa iitshefu. Ngokuthe ngcembe ekudaleni izithebe ipeyintwe ngena izandla yomfazi, njengokuba kunjalo namhlanje.

Isikolo iye yaba negalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lokuloba njengesebe ya vutshila. Tagilskaya zaveza izithebe ngcembe uzuza namasiko alo.

Kungekudala kwi imveliso uqalisa "atyatyambe" Tagilskaya ezizizo rose - flower zokomfuziselo iminyaka emininzi iye yaba isimntwiso lokuloba.

Tagil Itreyi - umfanekiso-neengcedevu zaso, kunye neenkcukacha tsolo ekhululekile nokupeyinta ecocekileyo, ebonisa nokubhaleka wentsomi nezembali.

kokuba ngcembe phambili uhlobo lobugcisa multi-amaninzi riveted. sheet Figure intsimbi, iipateni, webs kunye izinto zintle, wadala ngezandla ngensimbi, yaba isiseko ubugcisa yokudweba. Athotywa wadalwa Tagil Itreyi.

Kwaphuhliswa ezizodwa bepeyinta Tagil - ubuchule brushstroke kabini. Ngelo efanayo ixesha ibunjiwe iintsingiselo eziphambili kwi nokubhaleka.

ivanishi eyimfihlo

Hudoyarovyh ubukhosi lacquer Imfihlelo kwi olinganise unyityilikiswa turpentine copal, imithi ioli benemfuyo turpentine pine. Ngokungafaniyo ngasempumalanga lacquering ebandayo, indlela ekhawulezayo isicelo eshushu (kubushushu degrees 300) ngeso lenyama. Ukubunjwa wongezelela oxide abaphambili kunye manganese - lacquer waba ipeyinti selubala kunye ahlaziyayo. Ihlebo akazange aqhekekileyo.

Yintoni Tagil Itreyi?

Izithebe kunye baqhubeke ukwenza kwi koomasifundisane. Ukutshintsha ubugcisa, kodwa namhlanje umsebenzi wokudala manual - sisiseko lokuloba.

indlela bexhentsa kwenziwa ifomu itreyi ze igqunywe ngomhlaba kabini uze wayesebenzisa emnyama. Emva womise preform udlula ezandleni umzobi, ngoko ornamentarista. Emva ukupeyinta imveliso endaba.

ukuloba lwangoku

Yenza imisebenzi yobugcisa kumbindi Nizhny Tagil ubugcisa iintsomi kunye nemisebenzi yezandla. Uphawu lwentengiso zikhuselwe ngokusemthethweni patents. Tagil Itreyi usoloko itsala amagcisa angaphandle kunye nabaqokeleli. Abaneshologu athathe inxaxheba kwimiboniso neefandesi eRashiya kude ngaphaya kwemida yawo. Museum of Nizhny Tagil kunye Yekaterinburg bayazingca yingqokelela Tagil neengcedevu osisityebi, ezibe oluboniswe eUnited States, eFransi, Poland kunye namanye amazwe.

Yintoni Tagil Itreyi, namhlanje eyaziwa kude ngaphaya kwemida yelizwe lethu. Works kwabaphathi kunye Hudoyarovyh Dubasnikovyh - iperile inye, aziwayo iimyuziyam Russian kwaneempepha zabucala. iimveliso Tagilskoye ziye zanikezelwa njengesipho kwiinkosana kunye yasebukhosini. Hlukile Tagil "lakernaya" umzobo - umzekelo elikhethekileyo intsomi bokuzoba, nto leyo eye weza imihla yethu, yaye usaqhubeka sekufika kunye nabathandi uyakholiswa loyilo lokuqala.