Systems yokucinga - yintoni na le nto? iinkcukacha Product kunye neempawu eziphambili

Systems yokucinga - le yenye amagama amatsha mihla ezisetyenziswa ngabaphathi ezininzi, iisayikholojisti, abaqeqeshi kunye nezinye coachers ukukhula buqu. inqanaba layo ibonisa isantya kunye nomgangatho isigqibo, ngoko eli nani ukufunda ngexesha lomsebenzi njengento ebaluleke yomqeshwa elizayo.

Yintoni iinkqubo yokucinga yaye yintoni umsebenzi wakhe

indlela Traditional ubhalo kwimbono leyinene kunye nokufundiswa kwayo nayiphi na isenzeko isekelwe kwinto yokuba inkqubo zaphawula yohlulwe amacandelo. Bona phantsi sifundo kulandele ukuqokelelwa ibe nye. Ekwenzeni ezi zenzo, umntu lula ngabom le nkqubo, ukulahlekelwa inani elikhulu edibeneyo izinto ezichaphazela omnye komnye.

Ubume zehlabathi kungachazwa njenge nkqubo. Luqine, akukho ngamaqhekeza eqhiwukileyo, ebe akunanto yakwenza kumacandelwana eseleyo.

Igama elithi "inkqubo" kunokuba lifike ukuyilwa, ikho kunye nemisebenzi ngenxa impefumlelwano inani elikhulu ungamalungu multivariate. Le peculiarity yale nkqubo kukuba inempembelelo enkulu asiyiyo inxalenye iindawo, kunye neendlela kunye nobuchule ngokuzibandakanya kwabo. Ubume bale mutual kwimpembelelo non-linear, uninzi lwabo ezifihlakeleyo non-ezicacileyo, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu ngamazwi. Systems abacinga ijolise ekufumaneni nokuphuhlisa umfuziselo iphela apho kuya kuba lula ngokuchanekileyo ukubeka amahlandinyuka ehlabathini.

Iimpawu iindlela abacinga

Ukuqala uphuhliso lweenkqubo yokucinga inqweneleka ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ngenxa yoko, liye laba indlela eziphambili ukuqonda ubunyani. Abantu abanamajoni yokucinga, azuze amandla zilandelayo:

• Bona somthombo, kuzale iibhondi ezininzi.
• Ukuba siqonde imfuno imodeli ubugqwetha yokwenene, ngoko akukho lula okuqonda yaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuswitsha phakathi imifanekiso.
• Ngaba ukubona isiphumo ingxelo. umongo wayo ifuthe omnye link nkqubo kuzo zonke abanye. Nokunyuka kukho ukungavisisani kwaye ziyafumaneka kwakhona, kodwa umphumo akufane ekhawulezileyo, ngokufuthi isalityaziswa ngexesha. Ngoko ke, kunzima ukubona.
• Salungiselela ukuba kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha iinkolelo zabo rhoqo.

• Uyakwazi ukubona kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo leyinene. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iqondo ukwanda, baye bakwazi ukuswitsha phakathi ukuququzelela iinkqubo, kwakunye sinikele ingqalelo inkqubo xa iyonke, kwaye amacandelo.
• Ngaba ngokuzimeleyo ukwenza imodeli engqondweni yehlabathi ukwenza ubudlelwane babo imbangela.

Ixabiso kweenkqubo nokucinga ekuhloleni ubuchule abasebenzi

Testing, udliwano-ndlebe kunye nokuhlolwa iimpawu eziphambili abaviwa abaza kwizithuba ezahlukeneyo zabanjwa ngenjongo ekwenzeni umbono oluchanekileyo ubuchule wocikizeko sicelo, kwakunye ubuntu bakhe xa iyonke. Indlela yezenzululwazi ekudaleni iqela kuyanceda ukufumana umsebenzi ivumelane ngaphezulu lweshishini, impembelelo epheleleyo yabasebenzi yaye baye bafumana ulwaneliseko emsebenzini. Ukongeza, oku kunciphisa kukuvela lweemfazwe ukungaqondani.

Systems yokucinga - oku ukukwazi ebalulekileyo umsebenzi olungileyo, ngoko xa ehlolisisa abaphathi inqanaba yayo loo abasebenzi abaviwa esemgangathweni yokufunda:

• Ukukwazi ngempumelelo ukuhlalutya oluninzi ulwazi.
• Ukukwazi ukuqaphela umkhwa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kwakunye ukwenza umfanekiso obanzi okwenzekayo.
• Ukukwazi ukuvavanya imingcipheko kunye namathuba ezinxulumene inkqubo esingokwamkelwa isigqibo.

Ukwahlula phakathi ilifa lweenkqubo yokucinga

Kuxhomekeka kwindlela aphuhliswe ngobuchule, ngendlela yokucinga kwi uvavanyo, oko eyabelwe enye amanqanaba eziliqela.

1. Zero, ibizwa ngokuba inqanaba kungawazi:

• Abantu abanjalo abafane ukuhlalutya nantoni na, isebenze ungaziva.
• Nako ukwabela okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuhlola ubungozi okanye iziphumo, kanye nokudelela iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo le meko.
• Bathi bakholisa ukwenza izigqibo angawokubhuda.

2. I lokuqala (yokuqala):

• Uyakwazi ukubona izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinefuthe le meko, iinkcukacha zolwazi isakhiwo, esebenzisa lebyi iikhrayitheriya (hayi eziphikisanayo), yaye benze izigqibo ezivakalayo.
• Ngaba ukwakha imbono ngendlela le meko kwaye likhangela unxulumano kobude kuphela kwinqanaba apho guided kakuhle.

3. Le yesibini (kususelwa kwinqanaba lokuqala):

• Uyakwazi Makangagocagoci phakathi data, zibakhethe ebalulekileyo ukusuka ezingabalulekanga, kwaye ukuba ukuhlalutya ezi mali kunokuba esikhulu solwazi, kuquka iziphumo ngemvelo entsonkothileyo multifactorial.
• Ungabona ubudlelwane unobangela nefuthe, ukuchonga iindlela eziphambili ngexesha uhlalutyo phantse kuzo zonke iimeko (kubandakanywa nabo ezingaphezu zazo abafundele umsebenzi).
• Bona imiqobo ekuphumezeni iinjongo kwaye bayakwazi ukuba kuthintelwe okanye soyise.
• yokucinga yabo bhetyebhetye, okt bayakwazi ukuphuhlisa uguqulelo ngaphezu kwesinye umgangatho isicombululo.

4. Okwesithathu (kususelwa kwinqanaba lesibini):

• Ngaba ngempumelelo ukongeza zazivelela kule nkqubo, kuquka ukungabikho kweenkcukacha eziyimfuneko ukwenza izigqibo ekunene ngokusekelwe kulwazi buso okanye ingahambelani.
• Esikwaziyo ukuvelisa izinto ezintsha ukuvumela ukuba sifumane izisombululo zengxaki ezenziwayo kakhulu ezintsonkothileyo.

zingaphuhliswa Amandla kwiinkqubo abacinga

Okokuqala, kufuneka ufumanise ngokwabo ubunjani kunye nobubanzi obu buchule. Ngapha koko, iinkqubo yokucinga - na umgangatho oko kuluncedo nje kuphela yokusebenza, kodwa naziphi na iimeko. Nokuba sithetha ngokwenene banal enjalo, impixano ngeenxa isidlo usapho, ungafuna ukujonga kwi imeko ukusuka ngaphandle, ukuhlalutya unobangela wayo nokuvavanya imiphumo kunokwenzeka.

Literature, iifayile ezirekhodiweyo kunye neevidiyo i mthombo ekhethekileyo ulwazi ukuze ikuncede uhlole iinkqubo yokucinga. Iincwadi (electronic, iphepha okanye irekhodi) ukuvumela ukuba ungene ngokupheleleyo ehlabathini amava umbhali. Kubalulekile ukuba ahambe naye zonke izigaba kwindlela eya wabagagamela ngokupheleleyo-nkqubo neengcinga.

Phakathi ababhali ufanelwe kule ndawo - Joseph O'Connor ( "Ubuchule Systems Thinking"). incwadi yakhe utyhilile abaninzi. Ukulanda malunga cebetshu ebonakala ezaziwayo-kakuhle, izinto eziqhelekileyo kakhulu, lo mbhali wakwazi ukuchonga imiqobo emikhulu ukucinga ngendlela, kwakunye neendlela libeyise. Ngapha koko "iinkqubo okucinga ubugcisa" O'Connor ibhalwe ngokusekelwe wezifundo ezinzulu, ulwimi lwakhe kuyafikeleleka kwaye ziqondakale. Ukusebenzisa iziphakamiso ngasentla kule ncwadi, ungenza ngesandla ukudala kunye nokuphuhlisa izakhono eziyimfuneko.

Systems yokucinga Connor ufundisa imizekelo eliqela apho wonke umfundi abone bona, nabahlobo babo, kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo ubomi.

Of ababhali Russian umbuzo yokucinga systemic iye academician V. Tolkachev. Noko ke, incwadi yakhe "iinkqubo Luxury yokucinga" inzima Connor ebhaliweyo kakhulu ngakumbi. It yenzelwe abafundi okanye amava amandla ngokwasengqondweni kwaye velisa iingcamango eziphakanyiswe Freud. Beqhubeka kwithiyori Freud kaThixo, kwakunye impumelelo abalandeli bakhe lahlulwe laba amanani ezisibhozo yezengqondo kuqaliswa kuyo Tolkachev. Systems yokucinga ubiza inkqubo-kumda wesangqa.

Yintoni enokwenziwa namhlanje

Nokuba ngaba awunalo ixesha ukufunda ukuphulaphula iincwadi, ungasebenzisa indlela elula ukuba kancane lweenkqubo yokucinga. Eyokuqala kukugxininisa inkcazo imifuziselo abo engqondo. Ngoko ngokuba yonke into umntu okholwayo ukuba unjani waqiniseka. Le mizekelo isiseko izigqibo kunye uhlobo "iglasi", ngenxa apho umntu ukhangela ehlabathini. Amaxesha amaninzi, amvumela ukuba kubona kuphela oko ufuna. Imifuziselo ezinkulu yengqondo ziquka:

• Inkqubo ukwaziswa oko abanakwanela-sikhokelo imodeli ekhoyo.
• Ukukwazi lokuyila, okt ukuzaliswa-in yengqondo iindawo ezingekhoyo. Le ndlela ivumela umntu ukunqanda ukungaqondani kwavela.
• Ukufiphala ngendlela ayithobe components ubaxo okanye inkqubo.
• Ukuboniswa Amava kwenzeka ngenye imini nje eqhelekileyo.

Ukwazi oko yengqondo imifuziselo impembelelo yabo yokuziphatha, ebavumela ukuba bandise kwi akhawunti ngenxa awohluke kwenkqubo kunye elikhulu nenani lezinto.

Ukubaluleka lokugcina iinkqubo ngempumelelo

Ngokusekelwe yokuba iinkqubo yokucinga - ukukwazi ukuqonda ukusebenza kwenkqubo, ngokuba uphuhliso lwezakhono nganto ukuzama ukufunda iindawo ngamnye. Eyona impahla kweenkqubo kuyinto ukuvela iimpawu uphawu iinkqubo, kodwa ndingekho ezindaweni zayo. Isifundo yenkqubo ifumaneka esweni kwayo. Ukuphuhlisa ukucinga ngendlela, kubalulekile ukuba bagcine kumaqumrhu olusebenzayo kunye nempumelelo. Sidinga ukuba sifunde indlela abasebenza ngayo, uhlobo ubudlelwane phakathi kwezahlulo, imiphumo yezenzo ezahlukeneyo athathwa. Le ndlela ikhokelela ekuqondeni iinkqubo zokusebenza ngempumelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa olu lwazi ebomini.

engaguqukiyo breaking

Uphononongo kunye nokulungiswa unxulumano esekwe kwenzeka kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba inkululeko yabantu amanyathelo. Iingcinga ziveliswa ngenxa yamava elidlulileyo, kwaye kakhulu ezilungele kakuhle kwimveliso ezilula, isisombululo eqhelekileyo, kodwa awungeni ndawo, ukuba kukho ingxaki entsha ngokupheleleyo. Solutions ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo abacinga ukuphuhlisa ingqiqo fresh, ngoko ke kuluncedo ukuba ukuqeqesha ngqondweni wakho kunye indlela ebubuchule le meko.

Nokwandisa iindidi izinto

Xa nokwandisa izinto, isimo sengqondo umntu acinga ngayo iba Ukwahluka. Uluhlu olubanzi umdla kukhokelela ngokuzenzekelayo ukwandiswa zingqondweni iimephu zengqondo. Le nto inceda ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo yokucinga.

indalo sokuzenzela yokungaqiniseki

Ukuba ngabom ukudala iimeko ezahlukeneyo yokungaqiniseki ukuba bafumane iindlela ezintsha uzisombulule, ungafumana iziphumo ezihle kakhulu kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho yokucinga. Ebomini akukho iimeko ezinokuthi ngokukhuselekileyo kuthiwe ezithile. Weight Imiba enokuba nempembelelo engalindelwanga.

Isisombululo lwemisebenzi yoyilo

Enyanisweni kuba yeyona ndlela isebenzayo nenempumelelo, ukuqeqesha nobuchule aze avelise iinkqubo yokucinga. Oku kusetyenziswa ibakala inkampani recruitment "Microsoft". Abaviwa sokuba kufuneka ukuba ukusombulula ezininzi iingxaki umxholo yoyilo.

Ndiwanikele onke la iimeko, oko Kungaphikiswa ukuba inkqubo okucinga art - umgomo ukuzuzeka. Njengayo nayiphi na uqeqesho, oko kuya kuthatha ixesha, amandla kunye nokuzingisa. Kodwa umphumo ubalulekile, kuba oko kukhokelela ekubeni abantu bacinge ngcono iinkqubo ezikhoyo kwindalo, uluntu kunye emzimbeni womntu.