Supraclavicular nkovu node: ebangela ukwanda ingakumbi unyango

Kutheni supraclavicular iindawo nkovu ziphangalalisiwe? Izinto ezibangela le nto engaqhelekanga ziya zidweliswe ngezantsi. Uza kufunda ntoni na ezi zidumbu, bazithwala apho kwakufuneka umntu, nendlela sibaphathe ngayo xa komtshiso oko.

ulwazi olusisiseko

iindawo Supraclavicular nkovu, amaxesha ezandisiweyo eziliqela, ubungqina kakuhle kakhulu emzimbeni. Kwaye ngaphambi kokuba ubaxelele ukuba izifo bandiqumbise ngezifo ezifana, umele ufumanise ukuba zonke ezi imizimba.

iindawo nkovu ebizwa amadlala ezincinane ukuba imilo zifana iimbotyi. Njengoko waziwa kakuhle, ukuba ibekwe ngeenxa umzimba womntu kwaye lukwa yinxalenye yenkqubo emithanjeni, ikhuthaza nkovu kunye nezondlo, kwakunye eziphumela izinto okungeyomfuneko egazini.

Ngokutsho kweengcali, supraclavicular nkovu esiludumbo kwaye yonke inkqubo emithanjeni iyonke yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye nkqubo yabantu omzimba, ekhusela umzimba kwizifo ngezifo. Ezo namadlala ecociweyo nkovu, bathimba iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi, ezithi ke ngoko yatshatyalaliswa kwiiseli zegazi ezimhlophe, okanye ebizwa ngokuba yi-lymphocyte.

iindawo nkovu inokuba eyodwa okanye amaqela. ubungakanani zawo ukuqala kuncinci ukuya mikhulu. Xa imeko fevered of supraclavicular nkovu node Lusuka fossa supraclavicular. Kwakhona, umhlaza enjalo obonakalayo kule ndawo amakhwapha kunye nasemiphakathweni, kodwa sele nezinye amagama. Xa ababephile qete ngayo kwiindawo nkovu musa ukuvise intlungu. Ukongeza, ukuba iliso imperceptible kwaye indindisholo ngokupheleleyo.

Izinto ezibangela ukudumba

Kutheni supraclavicular iindawo nkovu ziphangalalisiwe? Ubangelwa esi sifo kuba ihleli iingxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokufuthi nkovu ekwanti kwamiliselwa iiprojekthi lubuhlungu kwaye ukudumba ngenxa ukufumana iintlobo yokwenzakala, kwakunye yamathumba okanye izifo, ngqo kuwo asakhasayo, okanye amalungu usondele. Ngoko ke, kuxhomekeke koko namadlala asha, kwaye ukuchonga ukunyuka unobangela.

Umzekelo, i-supraclavicular nkovu esiludumbo into asha ngenxa yosulelo okanye ithumba emabeleni, umphunga, isisu okanye intamo. Ngoko ke, kule ngezifo kufuneka kuqala sihlolisise la mabhunga.

Izifo ezibangela ukudumba kwiindawo nkovu

Kutheni asha supraclavicular nkovu node? Ukwandisa eli ndlala njengamaza kunye nezinye ukudumba nobubovu kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Kule meko ke sithetha ngento lymphadenopathy ngokubanzi. Loo imeko zophendlo lwezifo kuvame:

• Mononucleosis, uphawu yayo umqala obuhlungu, icesina nokudinwa.
• izifo bacteria, kuquka pharyngitis etsolo (ngenxa iintsholongwane iStreptococcus).
• isifo Lyme (igciwane esizigubungeleyo ziintlobo ezithile leempawu).
• igciwane lohlobo lwe - Cytomegalovirus.
• izifo egazini, kuquka rubella, imasisi, mumps okanye irhashalala.
• Umhlaza, kuquka Hodgkin kaThixo izifo, wegazi kunye lymphoma.

• ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela ekusetyenzisweni "Phenytoin" beziyobisi, ethi isetyenziswe ukunqanda nokuxutha izinto.
• basabela Ezingalunganga evela zokugonya nxamnye mumps-imasisi-rubella.
• Ezifuniweyo Immune Imibala Syndrome.
• ezosulela ngesondo izifo - negcushuwa.

metastases nkovu node Supraclavicular ku

Modern Iyeza ezilandelayo ezinezigulo eyaziwa andise umendo:

• lymphogenous;
• mixed;
• hematogenous.

Kuba yoqobo ukungena lymphogenous Ukudlulela kweeseli ithumba kwindawo yokuqala isitya nkovu, uze emva koko iindawo nkovu ekufutshane okanye zikude, kuquka supraclavicular. Ngokufuthi ngale ndlela nangabo umhlaza epithelial (umz, wolusu). Ukudlulela ezinjalo sele efunde kakuhle, ngoko ingqalelo ithumba kwi nqanaba ekuqaleni kwayo kakhulu lula.

Metastases kwiindawo nkovu ngaphezu collarbone badla umhlaza wemiphunga okanye umhlaza webele, kwakunye yamathumba amabi, kwisebe peritoneum.

Izizathu kuphuhliso metastases

Ukudlulela emzimbeni ezifana esiludumbo nkovu supraclavicular, ngokufuthi twa ngenxa yokuba:

• yokukhula (ukuvela ubukhulu becala ubudala nangaphezulu);
• ubungakanani kunye nendawo nangezilonda initial ekugxilwe kuzo (ndandinethumba izihlandlo eziliqela kwenyusa amathuba metastases asakhasayo);
• Izifo ezinxulumene (izifo ezondeleyo ukuba buthathaka zokuzikhusela zomzimba);
• ukunwenwa iiseli zomhlaza (ukwanda kwezakhiwo eludongeni emzimbeni esiyingozi yaye ngokufuthi kubangela Ukudlulela ngaphezu yamathumba zikhule zibe le mithambo lomzimba).

lokufunyaniswa kwesifo

Baphi supraclavicular kwiindawo nkovu? Indawo yezi amadlala ngendlela ababephile qete kunzima ukumisela. Ukuba imizimba enjalo ebushushwini babo, naxa zilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba kwezona fossa supraclavicular.

Uxilongo lwe nkovu node ukudumba i ugqirha onamava kuphela angasusa. Ukulungiselela le njongo, oko uhlolisisa indawo supraclavicular ye sternocleidomastoid izihlunu zomzimba ukuya entlanganweni acromioclavicular. Kulo mzekelo, lutshekishwe ngononophelo indawo ephakathi imilenze esihlunwini sternocleidomastoid. Kulo mmandla Ngokucofa yenza omnye umnwe eliphakathi okanye index.

Ukuyifundisisa kakuhle le subclavian libe sisigingqi ezinzulu iviwe kwimimandla yabo osecaleni ecaleni kungqameko esihlunwini deltoid. Kubantu abasempilweni, iindawo nkovu supraclavicular engekho uvalo.

Ezinye iindlela zokuxilonga

Raihan supraclavicular nkovu node kwicala lasekhohlo okanye lasekunene kungabonwa yi Ngokucofa, oko kukuthi yesiqhelo elitsolo ekujongeni izandla. Kwakhona, ezi amadlala ziyafumaneka kwi uphando ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• US. Ultrasound Ukuhlolisisa nodes nkovu supraclavicular yeyona efikelelekayo, ulwazi, kwaye elingenabuhlungu indlela ukubhaqa indyebo yalo engaqhelekanga.
• Itomography ngekhompyutha - yindlela entsonkothileyo. Kule meko lisetyenziswa kuphela ukuvavanya imo kwiindawo nkovu ukuba yomkhondo Ngokucofa eqhelekileyo.
• iimviwo X-ray. Le ndlela iyasetyenziswa kunqabile kakhulu. Njengomgaqo, iindawo ezandisiweyo nkovu zifumaneka kumfanekiso X-reyi yesifuba ngengozi.
• Mediastinoscopy, thoracoscopy kunye laparoscopy.
• Biopsy.

Ingongoma lokugqibela kwi-loxilongo kunye ukufuna izizathu bendyebo ezalathelwe nkovu ubeka isiphumo biopsy. Ezinye iindlela zophando ukunika ulwazi malunga iimpawu lwangaphandle esinobubovu asha kuphela. Yaba kuphela emva kokuhlalutya ubume umzimba phantsi ngemicroscope, ngokunjalo bamthwalela phandle i PCR kulingwa kunye imbewu bacteriological, uyakwazi ngokuzithemba uthethe isizathu sokuba ezalathelwe banzi nkovu.

Inkqubo unyango

Indlela ukuba ndiphilise nkovu supraclavicular isibetho node kwi ekunene okanye ekhohlo? Uthomalaliso indlala ephambili ekupheliseni ngokukhawuleza nezizathu neendyebo zalo, iintlungu kunye ukudumba. Ingakumbi, le Isifo uphathwa ukwamkelwa arhente isibulala-zintsholongwane, kwaye kudlule intsholongwane ngokwayo, ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.

iimeko ezibalaseleyo kakhulu zesi of ukudumba nkovu supraclavicular node umhlaza. Ukuba kukho isizathu encinane sokukrokrela ukuba kwande umzimba ezinxulumene ngumhlaza, kufuneka nakanjani kubanjwa biopsy kwaye, kakade, uviwo olupheleleyo i ngugqirha onamava.

Ngoko ke, ukuba kwiindawo enkulu nkovu supraclavicular anihambanga ngenyanga enye, ngelixa ubungakanani yabo lifinyele, kufuneka ngoko nangoko utyelele oyingcali ofanelekileyo. Asikwazi ukuba ezi amadlala ukuze mbile kusekho ixesha elide emva kokuba enkalweni sisifo esosulelayo. amaxesha amaninzi oku kwenzeka ebantwaneni.

ulwazi oluthile

Ngenxa yokwanda kwiindawo nkovu, kuquka supraclavicular, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba:

• ubukhulu nkovu node kwizikolo zikarhulumente zesiqhelo imalunga 1-1.5 cm;
• esona sizathu sokuba oku usuleleko ilungu lendawo;
• i omdala umguli, ayanda amathuba eziluhlobo amabi, kule meko zophendlo lwezifo;
• ezifumana amachiza zintsholongwane ngaphandle ekusekeni ukuba ubulawe lymphadenopathy - a maqhinga zonyango lobuxoki (kufuneka kuqala ngoxilongo, yaye kuphela emva koko babelwa unyango olufanelekileyo);
• Ukuba ukwanda esiludumbo ayikho bandile ebudeni nyanga, ukuba kubanjwe yayo yoviwo histological kunye biopsy;

• glands ukudumba, udakada kufuna ukuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza;
• lymphadenopathy nangecesina, nesisa kwindawo yabo ibonisa isifo esosulelayo;
• biopsies nkovu node iya kwenziwa ukususela entanyeni okanye iindawo nkovu ikhwapha kunye nasemiphakathweni ayifanelekanga ukuba unesifo onjalo;
• ngeminqweno zandiswa prostate biopsy inaliti abaqhubeki ulwazi diagnostically esibalulekileyo ngenxa oko enze naziphi na iziphakamiso malunga utshintsho lobume.